Brick based building technology

1 scope

This technology is applicable to general industry and civil architecture brick bricks outside and internal model structure of masonry engineering.

2 construction preparation

2.1 materials and equipment:

2.1.1 brick: brick, strength levels required to meet the design requirements and specifications. Single certificates, shop test.

2.1.2 cement: No. 325 of slag Portland cement and ordinary Portland cement.

2.1.3 sand: sand, 5mm sieve of aperture. Preparation of m-5 of the mortar, sand clay content of not more than 10%;M5 and mortar, sand clay content of not more than 5%, and must not have the grass-roots and other debris.

2.1.4 admixtures; lime paste, such as fly ash and pulverized quicklime and lime maturing period shall not be less than 7d.

2.1.5 other material: tie bar, embedded parts, waterproofing powder.

2.1.6 major equipment should be equipped with mortar mixers, shovels, digging adzes, care Commission Board, wire, steel tape, ash grooves, bucket, grapple bucket, small line, sieves, brooms, eight-foot iron trowel, steel clamp, and so on.

2.2 operating conditions:

2.2.1 base tanks: concrete and lime soil Foundation have been completed and done hidden procedures.

2.2.2 has placed basic axis and line; put counting rods (distance is normally 15~20m, corners shall be established) and through pre-screening procedures.

2.2.3 under a layer of bricks at the bottom end of the elevation, cable check the bedding surface elevation, such as first-tier horizontal mortar joints is greater than 20mm, should be of fine stone concrete screed, no replaced in masonry mortar mixed with fine stone or mortar pad for flat, cut tile leveling of the Zygote is not allowed.

2.2.4 when at room temperature, clay bricks in masonry must water the day before humid, General water into the brick-sided 1.5cm is appropriate.

2.2.5 mortar mix has laboratories to determine site ready mortar test mode (6 as a set).

3 operational processes

3.1 process:

Mixing mortar method to determine the Group built → → → construction → the end of rows of brick pile damp-proof course

3.2 mixing mortar:

3.2.1 mortar mix should be used to weight ratio, and determined by the laboratory, cement measurement accuracy of ± 2%, sand and admixtures for 5%.

3.2.2 should be treated with mechanical mixing and feeding sequence as a → → → cement admixture of sand water mixing time of not less than 1.5min.

3.2.3 should mix with the use of mortar, cement mortar and cement mortar must be mixed into 3h and 4H used, do not allow overnight mortar.

3.2.4 basic floor, each 250m3 masonry, mortar, at least do one set of each mixer block (a set of six pieces), such as strength of mortar or mix changes, you should make test block.

3.3 determine group building methods:

3.3.1 set masonry should be correct, generally used with Timon.

3.3.2 bite Cha inside, upper and lower joints, the "31" masonry method (that is, ash shovel, brick, squeezing rubbing), forbidden flush mortar pouring method.

3.4 end of laying brick pile:

3.4.1 base foot end of my size and closed back design drawings requirements must be met, such as a layer back, miles away should be small brick masonry; two-story retreat, a brick on the first and second-tier small brick masonry.

3.4.2 large-footed corner, should be required to have seven separately, their number for one and a half brick thick wall three blocks, two brick walls on four, and so on.

3.5 masonry:

3.5.1 based before laying the bricks, bedding surface should be clean, water wetter. First corner, wheel angle should be not more than five-story brick at a time, with the plate with flat, hanging straight.

3.5.2 masonry foundation walls should be hung, 24 line backhand the walls, 37 per cent of the wall should be double-sided thread.

3.5.3 Foundation level is inconsistent or partial understanding site should be built on at the lowest, should always pull checks to maintain masonry smooth, straight to prevent bricks "screw" wall.

3.5.4 when the upper part of the base feet, built into the base, cable check the axes and edge, ensure the foundation wall is positioned properly. While control of the brick layer and elevation, such as when there is a deviation should be gradually adjusted in the horizontal mortar joint, of the wall layer is consistent with counting rods.

3.5.5 heating ditch cornice tiles and laminate tiles are small bricks, mortar joints tight, eaves brick elevations must be correct.

3.5.6 various reserved hole, bury, tie bar as designed catheter, avoiding tick after drilling affect masonry quality.

3.5.7 slot corner should be at right angles to requirements of masonry, masonry wall to ash scrape the tongue; masonry walls can be used after necking ash, falling into the seam of debris cleanup at any time.

3.5.8 install trench and the entrance lintels of their models, levels must be correct, bottom ash full; if ash is more than 20mm, with fine stone concrete paving, take the wall length should be consistent on both ends.

3.6 moisture barrier: top activities bricks to build the wall, clean up, water moist, then waterproof mortar designs provided, 15~20mm thick, waterproofing powder dosage of cement 3%~5% weight.

3.7 winter rain during construction:

3.7.1 mixing mortar should be treated with ordinary Portland cement, admixtures anti-freezing measures such as Lime plaster, if frozen, must be melted before use. Shall not contain more than 10MM block of frost in the sand.

3.7.2 brick clear Frost, winter without water, should be appropriate to increase the consistency of mortar.

3.7.3 brick mixed with salt is generally used mortar and mixed with salt, material heating temperature according to the winter programme regulations. Mortar the temperature should not fall below + 5 ° c.

3.7.4 the rain at the time of construction, should prevent the trench irrigation and water scouring mortar; mortar consistency should be reduced. Daily laying height should not be more than 1.2m, your covered work on masonry surfaces.

4 quality criteria

4.1 project:

4.1.1 brick variety, strength class must meet the design requirements.

4.1.2 mortar variety meets the design requirements, must be subject to the following:

4.1.2.1 with variety, the set of sample average compressive strength of the mortar with strength value is greater than the design strength.

4.1.2.2 the strength of any group block value is greater than the design strength of the bottom 75%.

4.1.3 masonry mortar must be full of dense, solid brick masonry mortar for horizontal mortar joints full of not less than 80%.

4.1.4 is strictly prohibited at the corner of the wall straight Cha, other temporary break, Cha practice must comply with the provisions of the code.

4.2 Basic project:

4.2.1 masonry joints up and down, each (at) four bricks-free sewing.

4.2.2 Cha mortar joints of masonry mortar reinforced, sewing, bricks should be straight; each Cha position horizontal mortar joint thickness of not less than 5mm or clear defects does not exceed 5.

4.2.3 embedded tie bar of quantity, length comply with design requirements and specifications provided, retaining pitch deviation of not more than one brick.

4.2.4 indwelling of constructional column correct position, MA ya Cha back, straight up and down, clean residual mortar.

4.3 allowable deviation, as shown in table 6-1.

Table 6-1

Tolerance (mm) method

1 axis offset 10 using a theodolite or cable and standard

2 basic top level ± 15 level and standard of inspection

Note: the base wall over 2m, check the allowable deviation can be mixed with water wall.

5 finished product protection

5.1 the foundation wall finished, without the persons concerned before review, the axis and level pile or pile the Dragon door panels should be protected, not collisions.

5.2 exposure or embedded in the base of heating and plumbing, electrical casings and other embedded parts, should be protected, not damaged.

5.3 anti-earthquake construction post and steel tie bar should be protected, not trodden down, bend.

5.4 Foundation backfill in walls, should be carried out on both sides, heating Groove does not fill one side of the wall should be supported to prevent filling squeeze squeeze tilt when you crack. Soil compaction in layers, is not allowed to tank irrigation instead of solid.

5.5 backfill transport, the first wall protecting, not carts on the walls, top and collision damage wall wall.

6 quality problems to be noticed

6.1 mortar mix no: weighing of bulk cement and sand to trucks, to accurately measuring, mixing time to meet the prescribed requirements.

6.2 no cement mortar shall not be used in winter.

6.3 the foundation wall displacement: Big foot edge back to even on both sides, when the masonry foundation walls, to pull axis of alignment of walls and edges; masonry remain perpendicular to the wall.

6.4 wall roughness: one and a half brick wall must be two-sided thread, a brick wall backhand thread; grey to with the masonry with scraping the tongue.

6.5 horizontal mortar joint grievance: mortar joints to master even when the angle on each floor with counting rods on brick, line to tighten worn flat. Masonry around to take care to avoid pick up Cha rough.

6.6 counting poles injustice: when copying flat line, be careful; nails counting posts should be strong, loose for preventing collisions. Counting poles State after the retest to ensure consistent elevation.

6.7 buried into the masonry of the tie bar location; should always pay attention to being built counting, counting poles marked locations to ensure tie bar, in exposed parts of construction shall be arbitrarily bent; and to ensure that its length comply with design requirements.

6.8 Cha does not meet the requirements; masonry corner and junction should be built simultaneously, or should be built inclined Cha.

6.9 lower level should be the basis of masonry, and the high level to the lap, as design is not required, the lap length should not be less than broadening the base part of the heights.

6.10 masonry temporary break the height difference is too big; the height of no more than one step.

7 quality records

This standard shall meet the following quality records:

7.1 material (brick, cement, sand, steel, etc) certificate and retest report of the factory.

7.2 mortar sample test report.

7.3 quality inspection and assessment of the project.

7.4 hidden inspection, inspection records.

7.5 winter construction records.

7.6 design change and record of negotiation.

7.7 other technical documents.