Glass curtain wall installation process

Glass curtain wall installation
1 scope
The technology standard is applicable to civil construction site packaged exposed frame glass curtain wall installation (i.e. main bearing skeleton is perpendicular to the vertical keel and level to the time of the keel, frame inner glass embedded in the tectonic pattern).
The manufacturer of glass curtain wall is more, GeChang node structure and installation method, there exist certain differences when installation should be careful about the workmanship and quality standard. This technology standard only describes one approach.
2 construction preparation
Glass curtain wall develops very fast in recent years, it has unique artistic effect, not only should consider when designing architectural shape and structure of various performance requirements, such as mechanical (strength, stiffness and stability), waterproof, thermal insulation, air, fire, earthquake and lightning protection, such as performance, the performance and use function and security of person all have close relations, and Beijing is built appoint regulations issued by the ministry of construction for this: who is engaged in the glass curtain wall design, production, installation of the enterprise, must pass through the city is built appoint after qualification examination, can carry on the processing production and installation. Before construction, therefore, to the design, production, installation of the first unit of qualification examination.
2.1 material and main equipments:
2.1.1 aluminum profile: should be surface anodic oxidation treatment. The variety of aluminum, level, specifications, color, cross section shape, surface anodic oxidation film thickness, etc., must comply with the design requirements, the alloy composition and mechanical properties shall be the manufacturer's certificate, and shall comply with the current relevant national standards. Enter the site to conduct a visual inspection; To flat gauge, pollution-free, pits, pits, scratches, surface defects such as warp, specification, type and points respectively in indoor wood square pattern mat.
2.1.2 glass: the appearance quality and optical performance should be consistent with the current national standard.
2.1.2 to according to the structural classification:
A. the single-layer glass: float plate glass or tempered glass (general 6 mm or 8 mm thickness).
B. double insulating glass: the thickness is 6 + 12 + 6 (mm) or 9 + 8 + 8 (mm), middle value was not flowing air layer between two layers of glass.
2.1.2.2 classified by function:
A. endothermic glass: add trace amounts of metal chlorides in transparent glass, form with color glass, its characteristic is to make visible through and through calorie restriction in with infrared ray.
B. the mirror glass: one side or both sides is in single or double glass are plated metal film, thermal radiation in the form of flashes of sunlight, achieve adiabatic goal.
Choose glass types according to design requirements, production manufacturer of glass curtain wall of wind pressure calculation, to provide the factory quality qualification certificate and the necessary test data; Approach to unpacking the appearance quality of the sample after glass, glass color, smooth surface, no pollution, warping, uniform coating layer, must not have scratches and take off the membrane. The whole case approach to have special steel frame, such as split open a case after deposit to vertical in indoor water cut nail system on the shelf.
2.1.3 article rubber, rubber mat: should be resistant to ageing flame retardant performance test factory proves that size comply with the design requirements, no fracture phenomenon.
2.1.4 aluminum alloy decoration layering, fasteners: color is consistent, without distortion, scratches, damage phenomenon, size comply with the design requirements.
Vertical keel 2.1.5 connection keel fittings: galvanized fittings, between the vertical and horizontal keel keel of indirect inner sleeve and fittings and so on, for all to be in good factory prefabrication, material and size to meet the design requirements.
2.1.6 bearing fasteners: vertical keel and structure between the main body, through the bearing fasteners to connect, fasteners should comply with the design requirements of the specifications of the size, in order to prevent corrosion, fasteners shall be galvanized surface treatment, fasteners and embedded in the concrete beam, column, the built-in parts is fixed on the wall, stainless steel or galvanized bolts shall be used.
2.1.7 bolt, nut, stainless steel nails and other fasteners use or galvanized, size comply with the design requirements, and have the factory certificate.
2.1.8 sealant: joint sealant is to ensure that the curtain wall with waterproof performance, airtight performance and seismic performance of the key. Its material must have good anti seepage, anti-aging, corrosion resistance, and can adapt to the structure deformation and temperature dilatational elasticity, therefore should have the factory proof and waterproof test record.
2.1.9 heat preservation material coefficient of thermal conductivity, waterproof properties and thickness to comply with the design requirements.
2.1.10 main equipment: vertical transportation's external use elevator, electric welding machine, welding, electric screwdriver, drill, plum wrench, adjustable wrench, transit or laser theodolite, level, steel tape, steel ruler, steel square, iron level.
2.2 operation conditions:
2.2.1 (or steel reinforced concrete structure) the main structure has been completed, and completed quality inspection procedures.
2.2.2 in the main structure construction stage, the construction unit according to the glass curtain wall design and production units to provide the arrangement plan of embedded parts, and built-in details, carry on the processing manufacture and embedded, built-in parts should be solid, position accurately. Up before installation of curtain wall vertical keel, advance will carve out, play, such as elevation and position deviation value beyond Mr Xu, should timely deal with the design regarding the processing.
Measuring unreeling 2.2.3 in advance:
2.2.3.1 according to the main structure of each layer has been playing up the vertical axis, control size of original structure design wheelbase, after check, use theodolite vertical keel pop up the edge of the floor in the center line, check the center line of the embedded parts in each layer are consistent with the center line of the vertical keel, conform to, if there is error, to deal with solution in advance.
2.2.3.2 to verify whether the total level of body structure and the total design elevation, and each layer of the floor elevation marking at the edge of the floor, then to check the installation of curtain wall.
2.2.3.3 according to the main structure of the plane on size, use the theodolite to find glass curtain wall outside edge size, want to notice and other exterior wall facing material connected to the node construction method. (the above content is to find the X, Y, Z axis line).
2.2.4 operation with outer frame (or electric basket) has been built for good, and the security is in charge of examination and acceptance of staff.
2.2.5 electric tools of temporary power supply has been connected and the advance and safety test run.
2.2.6 vertical keel, jellyfish, keel and various accessories has counted in advance, and the classification to the appointed place to store floor pattern, and modes.
2.2.7 glass act wall in the lightningproof grounding design scheme has been completed.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
Install tighten iron floors - namely assembly to install vertical main keel, keel installation transverse keel - >

Installation of galvanized steel to install the insulation fireproof mineral wool to install glass, flat Ann and decorative layering

3.2 installation tighten iron floors: the main structure construction and built-in embedded form and tighten up iron and connection method, are to operate according to the requirements of design drawings, generally has the following two ways:
3.2.1 in each layer of the main structure of the cast-in-situ concrete floor slab or beam embedded iron, Angle iron fittings and embedded parts welding, and then use bolt (galvanized) connected to the vertical keel, as shown in figure 9 to 17.

Figure 9-17 fasteners and a welding
3.2.2 in each layer of the main structure of the cast-in-place concrete floor or frame embedded within the "T" shape up slot, Angle steel fittings and "T" shape groove through galvanized bolt connection, namely the bolt in advance through the "T" shaped groove, again with Angle steel fittings connection, as shown in figure 9 to 18.

Figure 9 to 18 fasteners with built-in bolt connection
The installation of fasteners is the main link in the process of glass curtain wall installation, directly affect the curtain wall connected to the structure of main body is firm and safety degree. Figure 9 to 18 when installation will tighten iron in two direction for centerline, screw bolt at the beginning of the position correction of fasteners, and then screw down the bolt. Figure 9-17 fastener installation time, is also the first to align the vertical and horizontal centerline, then take welding welding, weld length, height and the quality of the welding electrode are according to the structure of weld.
3.3 horizontal, strong keel assembly: before the keel was fitted, assembled in advance the following connectors:
3.3.1 vertical joint between main keel with galvanized steel inner sleeve fittings, as shown in figure 9-19.

Figure 9-19 inside casing schematics
3.3.2 rainfall distribution on 10-12 vertical main keel fittings and fasteners.
3.3.3 transverse keel fittings.
Each node of the fitting method of connection to conform to the requirements of the design drawings, connection must be strong, horizontal vertical.
3.4 the vertical main keel installation: main keel, generally by next upgrade installation, every two layers for a single, each floor by connecting to tighten iron connected to the floor.
3.4.1 track main keel up first, aim at the ends of the upper and lower fitting tighten bolt hole iron, at the beginning of a bolt.
3.4.2 main keel can tighten long iron and fittings bolt hole up, down, left, right, left, right horizontal direction should be in conformity with the play the position of the line on the floor, up, down on the floor elevation, before and after (the Z axis) shall not exceed the line of control, to ensure that the vertical from top to bottom, spacing comply with the design requirements.
Rule 3.4.3 main keel through casing in the vertical extension, in order to prevent aluminium material affected by the temperature and deformation, should leave the appropriate width of expansion joint porosity, specific size according to the design requirements, tapping on the center line of the keel to the up and down.
3.4.4 after installed on the top, with a fine weft detector checked, after adjustment for vertical degree, vertical keel connected with structure of all bolts, nuts and washers and tighten, weld. All welds and welding to the design requirements, and hit the coating peel off, clean up after the inspection requirements, brush anti-rust paint.
3.5 horizontal level keel installation: well after vertical keel, verticality, levelness, spacing and so on a check, meets the requirements, can be horizontally the installation of the keel.
3.5.1 track of before installation, the waterproof rubber mat on a level keel caps on both ends.
3.5.2 use wood support will temporarily open the main keel, then load the horizontal level keel, then take the wooden support, both ends of the rubber mat is compressed, has a good waterproof effect.
3.5.3 level after early screw fittings bolt, and then use level sight, after transverse keel leveling, tighten the bolt.
3.5.4 installation process, we will strictly control the horizontal level keel and up and down the center of the distance between the vertical degree, at the same time to check the glass size can be set right.
3.6 installation floor between closed galvanized steel: as the curtain wall hung on the exterior walls, of all the pore to the vertical keel floors, for sound insulation, fire prevention, should set the mineral wool fire insulation layer on the galvanized steel sheet, will be closed between floors. To make the joints between steel plate and keel, rubber sealing strip set around the plate before, insert plate inside the ceiling keel (or use the tube expanding bolt on the concrete floor). In seams of steel plate and keel to paste the asphalt sealing strip, and shall apply
Stick is flat and level. Finally on the steel plate welding steel nails, welding firm, nail spacing comply with the design requirements and specifications, as shown in figure 9-20.

Figure 9-20 steel plate installation
3.7 install thermal insulation fireproof mineral wool: galvanized steel, install thermal insulation, fire prevention mineral wool.
Mineral wool insulation layer with adhesive glue on the plate. Use has been welded steel nails and stainless steel piece fixed thermal insulation layer, mineral wool should be laid flat, flat-fell seam no gap.
3.8 installation glass: single and double deck glass all by down, for installation, and from one direction to advance glass from external use the elevator to the designated place of the floors, vertical storage, and hold people watch.
3.8.1 will clean up dirt from the box, plug within the next box pad rubber positioning block, block is to support the full weight of the glass, require a certain hardness and durability, position as shown in figure 9-21.
3.8.2 embedding inside rubber strip sash slot (note type), embedded strip method is first interval equinoctial embedded plug, and then points embedded plug, as shown in figure 9 and 22.
3.8.3 carried shipment (large glass applied mechanical vacuum cup lift luck), first the glass surface dust, dirt to wipe clean. To box when installation, pay attention to the correct judgment, inside and outside, the glass embedded in the frame groove, embedded depth around should agree.

Figure 9-21 block sketch map

Figure 9-22 embedded plug strip method
3.8.4 will on both sides of the rubber pad to side of the vertical box, and then fixed glass, embedded outside sealing rubber strip (also available close sichuan and Angle of the joint sealing processing), set to level off. Close-grained, figure 9-23 section and horizontal transverse keel node is the main keel, Mosaic outside the box sealing rubber strip.

Figure 9-23 strip mounted
Ann cooked and decorative layering 3.9:
3.9.1 cover cooked installation: glass outer rubber strip (or sealant) after the installation, in glass and transverse frame, horizontal box junction are processed to cover the mouth, outdoor side outside gusset plate installation, indoor side install layering (both for the aluminum alloy material), according to its types curtain wall design requirements. As shown in figure 9-23:
3.9.2 curtain wall and roof top of parapet junction, aluminum roof pressure, and waterproof construction measures to prevent the rain along the wall of the gap between the parapet and inflow. When operating on the basis of curtain wall design. Figure 9 - after 24 for the parapet structure diagram.

Figure 9-24 parapet capping structure diagram
: 3.10 wash glass curtain wall glass after the assembly parts installation, prior to the completion inspection and acceptance, use wipe a window machine (or other sling) glass wash again, achieve surface clean, bright.
4 quality standards
4.1 ensure projects:
4.4.1 used glass curtain wall glass, skeleton, connectors, seals, rubber, fire insulation materials and closed end face sheet metal, such as its variety, level, specifications, color must comply with the design requirements and regulations of the product standard. Aluminum anodic oxidation film thickness must be greater than AA15 level. But also shoulds not be too thick.
4.1.2 if use carbon steel frame and fittings, must make antirust processing, its quality should comply with the provisions of the design and the present technical standard.
4.1.3 design deflection of steel framework, fittings of drawing force test requirements, such as the test data must meet the design requirements.
4.1.4 skeleton must be connected to the original structure is firm, no looseness, embedded parts size, the length of the weld, height and electrode type, should comply with the regulations of design.
4.1.5 main body structure and embedded parts of verticality, smoothness and reserved hole shall conform to the requirements of the specification or design, the error should be in the range of fittings is adjustable.
4.1.6 all nodes structure should accord with the requirement of design and product portfolio.
4.2 the basic items:
2 metal frame: colour and lustre is consistent, the surface is clean, no pollution, pitting, pits, scratches, spell seams tightly, flat, horizontal flat vertical, without fault dislocation. Connected to the curtain wall and the main structure of the fitting three directions to allow the installation of the deviation of plus or minus 1 mm.
4.2.2: glass toward the correct installation, clean, smooth surface, no warping. Color is consistent, no pollution, glass membrane surface in good condition, reflect the outside image without distortion. Four edges 45 ° Angle grinding smooth, line circle, glittering and translucent and beautiful appearance, appearance quality and performance in accordance with current relevant standards and regulations of the state.
Holdings bead and glass glue: layering buckle equaliser straight, counterpart, installation is firm, neat, sealing strip embedded plug tight installation, use of the sealant parts must be clean, strong and sealed binding, look straight, no fault dislocation, and smooth, tight, beautiful. Glue line outside without stain.
4.2.4 fire insulation filler material shall meet the following requirements: materials dry, laying thickness conform to the requirements, uniform, no omissions, the shop is stuck firm does not fall.
4.2.5 glass back, layering shall meet the following requirements:
Convergent closely seamless, layering straight, no fault dislocation, the slope is accurate, the drain is open.
4.2.6 about lightning protection grounding line installation quality to conform to the requirements of the electrical installation specification.
4.3 allowable deviation projects, see table 9-34.
The allowable deviation of glass curtain wall engineering and inspection method table 9-34
Serial number project allowable deviation (mm) test method
The distance between the adjacent promulgation and 1 Ting size (fixed) end + / - 1.5 amount to check with your ruler

Two adjacent beam spacing feet to 2000 + 1.2 or less quantity to check with your ruler
Two adjacent beam spacing '> 2000 + / - 1.5 amount to check with your ruler

Frame diagonal length difference 2000 2.0 or less quantity to check with your ruler
Frame diagonal length > 2000 + / - 2.5 amount to check with your ruler
H 30 m 4 or less
4 set Ting verticality h 60 m 7 theodolite and pull feet or less quantity to check
H > 60 m 10
Three adjacent three root Ting 2
The width of the 20 m 4 or less

Vertical Ting outside surface (same level) flat width 40 m 5 or less
Width of 60 m or less 6 with theodolite, amount of flux lines' inspection
The width of 80 m 8 or less
The width of 80 m 10 or less
Two adjacent beams < 1
6 bar height difference within the same level surface width of 35 m 4 level, or less amount of flux lines' inspection
Width of 35 m > 6
7 arc Ting exterior wall and design position 2 amount to check with your ruler
Eight adjacent component assembly clearance check with plug
Note: a neutral stand vertical keel namely the paper said.

5 finished product protection
5.1 aluminum alloy frame and various accessories, after the entry points specification, classification in the rain of the private library pattern, and not to put heavy articles in the pressure. Haul when light to take light put, prevent damaged scratches. Glass to prevent sun exposure, stored in a room, specifications set special on the gallows, modes and transportation, prevent damage and scratch the surface coating.
5.2 installation in the process of the aluminum alloy frame, pay attention to the protection of the aluminum frame outer membrane, shall not be cut. Positioned outside the frame house pay attention to the protection of glass, prevent bump broken glass.
5.3 aluminum alloy used in the horizontal, vertical keel with the attachment bolt holes, to advance with a mechanical good hole, welding shall not be used to burn holes.
5.4 during the installation process, prevent file to fall, so be pitched a safety net.
5.5 near the glass screen each working procedure, before the operation of glass for temporary protection, such as fiber board cover.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 glass installation is: install the vertical and transverse keel, not carefully check the centerline and verticality, also did not check the glass size, so the installation of vertical, transverse keel, must strictly control verticality and the centerline.
Decorative layering vertical, horizontal 6.2: installing a decorative bead, should disconnect and the horizontal line, after the Ann should be horizontal, vertical.
6.3 glass severe "image distortion" phenomenon, cause the reason is that the glass itself warping, rubber strip rough, stained glass coating layer on one side of the cement and so on. So glass comes into play to be out of the spot check, found before installation should be picking without warping phenomenon. Install each working procedure must be strictly in the process of operation, the sealing strip inlay flat, after the glue to clean surface.
6.4 surface pollution: aluminum alloy components are mainly in the process of transport installation, premature tear the surface protective film, or glue surface pollution.
Glass curtain wall ooze water: 6.5 due to the rubber strip around the glass embedded plug is lax or interface have crack caused by rainwater infiltration, so Ann rubber strip, strip specification to match, the size may not be too big or too small, embedded plug to leveling &compaction, interface must use sealant filling. To hold water shall prevail.
6.6 connect the vertical keel fastener and embedded parts welding is not strong, the fasteners should be supporting part, related to the curtain wall frame connected to the main structure safety degree, so the connection welding quality fasteners and embedded parts must be strictly controlled, should let the welder/welding for welding, weld height, length should be applied according to the requirement of the structure of weld welding.
There is black mark on the individual parts: 6.7 curtain wall glass is mainly caused by individual glass coating is not in conformity with the requirements. Glass in each to check before installation, qualified after the installation.
7 quality records
This technology standard should have the following quality records:
7.1 the qualification certificate of curtain wall design, production, installation of the manufacturer and the city is built appoint sales licenses.
7.2 aluminum alloy frame mechanical performance test certification, mineral wool, rubber strip, sealant, glass and so on all have the factory certificate.
7.3 fastener installation hidden inspection records (including the grounding line installation hidden inspection records).
7.5 wall installation quality inspection records.

Prestressed solid whole floor installation process

Prestressed solid whole floor installation
1 scope
The technology standard is suitable for use in multilayer brick and high-level internal model and plate internal model of the structure of the whole big prestressed solid floor installation process.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material and main equipments:
2.1.1 big floor: no defects such as crack, warp. Shall have the component factory certificate.
2.1.2 cement: label is 425 # silicate cement, ordinary Portland cement and slag Portland cement. Should have the factory certificate. According to the regulations, do a second interview.
2.1.3 sand, medium sand.
2.1.4 major tool: the steel board, crowbar, casing, pipe support, 100 mm x 100 mm wood square, etc.
2.2 operation conditions.
2.2.1 according to the requirements of site construction plan will repair yard formation compaction, the first large plate is placed under the long stow-wood, cushion between short stow-wood every board. When big floor board width of 3170 mm or less, stow-wood length 400 mm, width is 3770 mm, the chock is 500 mm long. Stow-wood acuity 50 mm thick, stow-wood parallel plate edge is placed. As shown in figure 4-41. Stow-wood to aligned from top to bottom, flat MATS, can not have a corner road.the phenomenon. Every crib stack up to 9. Big floor carry in the car when the stack is also should be the same.

Figure 4-41
2.2.2 check whether there is big floor factory certificate. Then the appearance quality inspection, the floor that do not conform to the quality
Requirements shall not be used, such as large floor board face or convex key has a crack or damage, shall be used.
2.2.3 check wall axis and elevation, the comparison hoisting figure check big floor type and specification. Find out the direction of the hole on the floor and the drawings are the same.
2.2.4 cast-in-site concrete repair wall height, the wall height should be lower than bottom elevation of 10 to 20 mm, such as concrete wall height low, should fill concrete leveling; And concrete wall plate bottom elevation above the cut, should take to ensure that accords with a requirement on the floor surface elevation. Wall axis offset much, should be adjusted, to ensure that large floor wall length conform to requirements.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
Plastering mortar screed-coat or hard branch mode to hoisting large floor, adjust the position to arrange binding rebar

3.2 plastering mortar screed-coat or hard branch mode: before installation of big floor, according to the elevation at the top of the wall wall concrete leveling layer, leveling layer of cement mortar mixing ratio is 1:3. Such as using rigid frame shuttering, wall elevation of concrete should be jin 1 ~ 2 cm.
3.3 hoisting large floor: first of all find out before hoisting large floor entrance location (including heating, gas, electric pipe hole), and a large floor direction signs; Do not design drawing to find out each room of the big slab used model is correct. Plate end when installation on the wall body factory, slowly settled after decoupling.
3.4 adjustment plate location: what a big floor quadrilateral lap length to make it meet the design requirements, then the adjacent two boards of 6 phi 12 Rachel steel welded to each other, the length of the weld shall be 90 mm or higher, welding quality should be consistent with the provisions of the welding procedures.
Around 3.5 finishing binding reinforcement: out board of prestressed reinforcing steel bar bent into a circular arc shape, spread in the plate seam, ring beam or the wall, not straight curved turn hard, practice as shown in figure 4-42.

In the cross wall thickness
D1 in longitudinal wall thickness
D2 in cross the wall
In a vertical wall
B on the gables
c
Multilayer 140 160 5 to 10 to 15
Top 15 10 to 15, 160, 160
Figure 4-42
4 quality standards
4.1 ensure projects:
4.4.1 the lifting component concrete strength must comply with the design requirements and construction norms. Check the component factory certificate.
4.1.2 slab joints of concrete must be accurate, cast close-grained, serious maintenance, its strength must meet the design requirements or construction norms. Check the concrete block test report.
4.1.3 floor types, location and protection anchor must comply with the design requirements, and no deformation and damage phenomenon. Check the lifting record.
4.2 the basic items:
2 floor elevation, sit pulp comply with the design requirements and construction norms.
4.2.2 shall ensure that two adjacent plate welded steel lap length, surface should be smooth, weld sag, no crack, flash, porosity, slag inclusion and biting edge.
4.3 allowable deviation projects, see table 4-38.
5 finished product protection
5.1 install large slab, the concrete strength of the wall above 4 mpa for installation.

Big floor installation allowable deviation table 4-38
Project allows deviation (mm) test method
Axis position offset 5 'quantity check
High layer + 10 quantity check with level or ruler
Aside the floor length + 10 feet quantity check
On the same axis of the adjacent plate surface elevation difference check 5 'quantity

5.2 shall not be arbitrarily pick out hole in the floor.
5.3 when hoisting floor shall not be any touch cast-in-situ wall.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 the unqualified large floor on the wall: detailed check before the installation, should look.
6.2 large floor installation direction and drawing is not in conformity with the signs: due to the large slab side marks do not conform to the requirements of the drawings, hole location and drawings does not conform to, picked at random chisel big slab structure. Before installation should be carefully checked.
6.3 a wall plate end length is not enough: no line on the wall when hoisting in place, or not seriously adjustment, cause end wall is too little.
6.4 installing a floor board side out of reinforcement are not allowed to be cut off; Nor should the keyway take off; Also can't take out the steel pressure under the adjacent plate.
6.5 when installing large floor regardless of adopts hard frame mode branch or leveling layer, its elevation should comply with the design requirements, use support should have enough stiffness, guarantee not sink.
7 quality records
This process standards should have the following quality records;
7.1 component factory certificate.
7.2 steel factory quality certificate or test report.
7.3 steel mechanics performance test report.
7.4 the wall concrete, plate seam concrete test report.
7.5 prefabricated segments.
7.6 component installation engineering quality inspection record separately.

Metal panels installation process

Act the role of panel installation
1 scope
The technology standard is applicable to industrial and civil construction projects, both inside and outside walls, roof, ceiling and other metal decorative panel installation. Can also form a complete set of big glass Windows and glass curtain wall or application, and in the corner area, glass curtain wall around the building expansion joints coping, horizontal parts of the form a complete set of application.
The manufacturer of metal decorative panels, GeChang node structure and installation method, there exist certain differences when installation should be careful about. This technology standard only describes one approach.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material requirements:
2.1.1 color coating steel plate: the original plate hot rolled steel plate and galvanized steel. To improving the performance of anti-corrosion properties of steel and the surface should be coated with organic, inorganic or composite coating, of which the rapid development of organic coating steel plate, the commonly used organic coating for polyvinyl chloride (PVC), in addition to poly acrylate, epoxy resin, alkyd resin, etc. The combination of coating and steel plate with film laminating method and paint coating method. The main purpose of color coating steel plate for roof panel and wall panel, etc. Shanghai three factory production of plastic composite plate, the length is 1800 mm, 2000 mm, width is 450 mm, 500 mm and 1000 mm, thickness is 0.35 ~ 0.35 mm, etc. Has the properties such as corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance, insulation. Plastic and steel plate the peel strength of 20 or higher n/cm.
2.1.2 aluminium plate: aluminium alloy plate for decoration engineering, its varieties and specifications. From surface treatment, anodic oxidation treatment and spray processing. From the commonly used color: silver, bronze, gold, etc. From geometry size: is there a bar plate and the square plate. More than the width of the strip plate is 80 ~ 100 mm, thickness is 0.5 ~ 1.5 mm more, about 6 m length. Square plate including square, rectangle, etc. Used in high-rise building outer wall plate, single block area is generally larger, high rigidity and durability requirements, thick plate to appropriate some, even added a rib. From the decorative effect; There are aluminum alloy flowers
Wen shallow pattern plate, aluminum plate, aluminum and aluminum alloy corrugated plate, aluminium and aluminium alloy plate, etc.
2.1.3 skeleton material: is made up of bearing bar Mosaic, main material for aluminum or steel, etc. Because of steel is cheaper, high strength, easy installation, so most engineering with Angle or channel. But the skeleton treatment shall be carried out in advance, it is forbidden to black iron into the floor.
2.1.4 fixed frame fittings: mainly expansion bolt, iron plate, washer, nut and the skeleton of fixed design and installation of fittings you need, its quality must conform to the requirements.
2.2 the main equipment:
2.2.1 cut, sheet metal processing, assembling and so on the workbench, cutting machine, forming machine, flanging machine, grinder, metal plate connected hand-held electric drill, electric drill, steel tape punch a concrete wall (1 m long), long tape measure, ruler, a hammer, a variety of shapes, round steel chisel (flat), galvanized iron wire, spring wire wrapped the chalk line, ink fountain, small white line, hand wheel, pliers, iron level, cotton silk, broom, shovels, surgery, grey tank, ash bucket, tool bag, gloves and red pencil.
2.3 operation conditions:
2.3.1 metope of concrete and plaster has been completed, and after drying, moisture content is not higher than 8%; Wood products shall not be greater than 12%.
2.3.2 reserved water and electricity and equipment, top of the wall embedded parts has been finished. Vertical transportation tools are ready in advance.
2.3.3 decorative panel to check in advance engineering at the grass-roots level, and make a good record of implicit preview, qualified rear can install process.
2.3.4 outer shelf (senior multi-purpose basket or hanging shelf) should be pitched and installed ahead of schedule, multi-storey building appropriate chooses double row shelf or bridge, the bearing bar and rod should leave the walls and doors and Windows altercation between 150 ~ 200 mm. Shelves of high step and pitched to conform to the requirements of the construction and safety operation procedures.
2.3.5 construction personnel for technical disclosure, should emphasize technical measures, quality requirements and finished product protection. Large area between example, before construction should do first after quality inspection departments qualified, can organize team construction.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
In principle is a bottom-up installation metope.
Hanging straight, set square, find rules and elastic line - fixed frame fittings - fixed frame - metal panels installed -

Convergent tectonic

3.2 hanging straight line, set of square, to find the rules, play: first, according to the requirements of design drawings and the geometry size, to set metal decorative panel walls hung straight, set square, find rules and a measured and elastic line, determine the size and number of facing wall panel.
Fittings: 3.3 fixed skeleton skeleton of bearing bar is fixed by fitting and structure, and between the connector and structure, can with the embedded parts welded structure, can also play bolts on the wall. For the latter method is more flexible, size error is small, easy to ensure the accuracy of the position, and thus is more used in actual construction. Must be in the bolt hole position painting line by line.
3.4 fixed frame: its structure as shown in figure 9 to 8, as shown in figure 9 to 9. Skeleton should be embalmed in advance. Installed skeleton position accuracy, combining to firm. After installation shall be complete to check the centerline and surface elevation, etc. The exterior wall of high-rise building, in order to ensure the installation precision of veneer, appropriate USES theodolite to through the bearing bars. Deformation joint and settlement joint should be disposed of properly.
3.5 metal finishing installation: the installation of the wallboard order from each side wall of a vertical lower part of the first row of the first board, installed from bottom to top. Installation to the end of the wall in the first row and then the second row. After laying 10 per installed wallboard, should disconnect check once, in order to eliminate the error in time. In order to ensure the quality of metope appearance, bolt position must be accurate, and USES the single hook bolt construction, make the position of the bolt horizontal vertical. Commonly used method of fixed metal panels, there are two main types. A square plate with screws is to strip or twist to the steel or the gallows, the durability of this method is better, more used for exterior wall. Another kind is will batten on the keel of a special card, this method used for indoor.
Gap between plates generally is 10 ~ 20 mm, multi-purpose rubber strip or seal the arrow elastic material processing. When the panels installed, should pay attention to the easy to the contaminated parts need plastic mulch to protect it. Easy is zoned, touch, should set up safety rail protection.
3.6 convergent structure: its structure as shown in figure 9 and 10. Level of coping, or end, the processing of expansion joints, two different materials transfer processing, not only relates to decorative effect, but also have great influence to use a function. Therefore, general multi-purpose made of special performance of similar molding metal plate are disposed of properly.
Structure is simpler and corner processing method, mostly with a thicker (1.5 mm) of the rectangular shape of metal plate, and the outer wall plate with bolt connection in mind, the corner parts processing as shown in figure 9 to 11, as shown in figure 9-12.
Window, the top of the parapet, all belong to the level of coping process (figure 9-13), is covered with aluminum alloy plate to block wind and rain drenched. Level of fixed bridge, on the grass-roots welding steel skeleton first commonly, then bolted cover plate is fixed on the frame. Cover the connection between the straight lap approach (high low, lap width comply with the design requirements, and rubber seal).
Metope or edge parts processing (figure 9-14), is made of aluminum alloy forming color similar to wallboard end and keel parts sealed.
Metope or lower place, is to use a special board, the board of the bottom seal, cover plate gap between wall and at the same time, prevent the rain infiltration indoor (figure 9-15).
The processing of expansion joints and settlement joints (figure 9-16), the first thing to meet the needs of the building scale, settlement, and at the same time should also consider adornment effect. In addition, this part is also waterproof weak link, the tectonic node should be carefully considered. Generally available neoprene belt connection, sealing role.
Wall of the outer and inner Angle and steel window around the water board, etc must be on the scene processing of profiled, should refer to the drawings, to the observed set of full scale of installed metope, determine its shape, size, make its machining accuracy, ease of installation.
4 quality standards
4.1 ensure projects:
4.4.1 metal panels of variety, quality, color, pattern, line must comply with the design requirements, product certification.
4.1.2 wall skeleton, such as using steel keel, its specifications, shape must meet the design requirements, carefully derusting, anticorrosive processing. Panel and the skeleton of a fixed must be strong, must not be loose.

4.2 the basic items:
2 metal panels installed, when required by the design without, appropriate USES aluminum core pulling rivets, middle must cushion rubber gasket. To control the core pulling rivets aluminum spacing in 100 ~ 150 mm advisable.
4.2.2 it outstand the wall of the window, the window is convex line installation parts such as metal finishing, cutting board dimension should be accurate, smooth edges tidy, lap and direction should be the correct size.
Holdings plate installation by docking shall be strictly forbidden. The lap length should comply with the design requirements, can not have slotted phenomenon.
4.2.4 when walls inside of the frame after the installation, should be timely guide wall casting concrete, the height, thickness and concrete strength grade should comply with the design requirements, if no requirement, design according to kicking practice processing.
4.2.5 variety of insulation materials, piled up density should comply with the design requirements, and shall fill full, no space.
4.2.6 metal veneer surface should be smooth, clean, color coordination, no discoloration, whiskering, stain and remarkable sheen.
4.2.7 should be embedded metal slab joints of CFRD is acted the role of the dense, smooth, uniform size, the same color. Yin and Yang Angle place plate lap in the right direction, not the whole brick using parts is appropriate.
4.2.8 protrusion board application around the whole set of cutting consistent, neat; Dado, stick on the face and let it outstand the wall thickness.
4.2.9 water slope to the right, drip line (slot) straight.
4.3 allowable deviation projects, see table 9-33.
5 finished product protection
5.1 to clear in time clean residue on the door window frame and metal panel of contamination such as sealant, fingerprints, water and other sundry, appropriate paste the protective film, prevent pollution and corrosion.
Metal panels installed allowable deviation table 9-33
Will project allow deviation (mm) check method
Aluminium alloy plate profiling steel plate

Facade vertical indoor 2 2 in 2 m quantity check line board and ruler
Vertical elevation outdoor 3 3 in 2 m quantity check line board and ruler
2 surface is flat and level 3 3 in 2 m line board and feeler check
Three Yang Angle founder and 3 with a 20 cm square chi and feeler check
4 straight seam 0.5 1, 5 m string cable and rod inspection
5 dado flat top of 2, 3, 5 m string cable and rod inspection
6 seam height 1 1 short feet with steel plates and feeler check
5.2 earnestly implement reasonable construction sequence, a type of work (water, electricity, ventilation, equipment installation, etc.) work should be done in the previous, prevent damage, contamination of metal panel.
5.3 when the demolition of frame don't collision metal panels.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 leakage: veneer not leak is its main function, should be guaranteed. First, since every piece of veneer installation must be in strict accordance with the standard procedures to construction seriously, especially the convergent structure of each part must deal with good, quality inspection department inspection shall be in place timely.
6.2 sealing glue, : this have very close relationship with leakage, such as personal will happen. According to incomplete statistics, sealing glue, causing leakage and rework, accounting for glass curtain wall, metal panel and aluminum alloy doors and Windows installation quantity by about 30%, is the lion's share of the three kinds of external decoration engineering quality common fault, therefore attaches great importance to the sealing glue, this procedure.
Seam 6.3 points, not divide evenly, straight: main is not seriously before construction according to the drawing size, check the structure construction, the actual size and segmented block play line not fine, thread is not straight, and messenger wire check attendance, etc.
6.4 metope dirty: the main reason is various, one is the operation process, namely the installation method and technology of the bottom-up directly bring certain difficulty to the finished product protection, the greater the more senior the difficulty; Second, the operator must increases with the increasing dry clean brush good habit; Three is to strengthen the management and education work product protection; Four is completed before the top-down thoroughly cleaning brush work. Note also that the qing brush tools. Materials must comply with all kinds of metal panels related instructions, otherwise it will bring bad effect and should not have a loss.
7 quality records
This technology standard should have the following quality records:
7.1 metal panels and fittings factory certificate.
7.2 part project quality inspection evaluation table.
7.3 resistance to wind pressure and water spray test report, etc.

Pole lamp installation process

Street lamp installed on the pole
1 scope
This technology standard is suitable for overhead line cement pole lamp installation engineering.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material requirements:
2.1.1 the equipment, equipment and materials used should comply with the regulations of the state technical standards on the current, and product quality certification. Equipment nameplate.
2.1.2 lamps and lanterns:
2.1.2.1 fittings should be complete, no mechanical damage, deformation, the paint peeling, chimney rupture wait for a phenomenon.
2.1.2.2 lamp holder line section should not be less than: copper wire - a was 1.0; Aluminium wire -- was 2.5.
2.1.3 pin insulator:
2.1.3.1 porcelain should combine closely with iron parts, pieces of galvanized iron is good.
2.1.3.2 porcelain glaze is smooth, no cracks, lack of glaze, spots, burn mark and defects such as bubble or enamel burn out.
2.1.3.3 sulfur water of insulator is strictly prohibited.
2.1.4 insulated wires:
2.1.4.1 should not be twisted, bent, broken and damaged the death of defects.
2.1.4.2 downlead section should not be less than: copper wire - 1.5 was; Aluminium wire - a was 2.5; Rated voltage should be not less than 500 v.
2.1.5, embrace hoop
2.1.5.1 surface should be smooth, no crack, burr, flash, sand holes, such as bubble defects.
2.1.5.2 should be hot dip galvanized, zinc in case of partial skin peeled, should besmear after derusting red ZhangDan and paint.
2.1.6 bolts:
2.1.6.1 bolt surface should not have crack, sand holes, zinc skin peeling and the phenomenon such as corrosion, bolts and nuts should cooperate well.
2.1.6.2 metal on various coupling bolts should be locking device, the locking device shall be galvanized, good elasticity, thickness of the right within the rules.
2.1.7 other materials: fuse, binding wire, soft plastic pipes, rubber insulation cloth, black tape, etc.
2.2 the main equipment:
2.2.1 pulley, hammer, adjustable wrench, nylon rope.
2.2.2 level, tape measure, climbers, belts, high stool, etc.
2.3 operation conditions:
2.3.1 lamp production has been finished.
2.3.2 overhead line construction has been completed.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
Lighting fixtures, lamps and lanterns lamp installation - matching down lead - try

3.2 lighting fixtures, lamps and lanterns of installation:
3.2.1 lamps and lanterns (lamp) installation height is measured according to design requirements, marked out on the pole.
3.2.2 will lighting fixtures, lamps and lanterns hung on the pole (the heavier lighting fixtures, lamps and lanterns can use pulleys, large rope hanging pole), good wear hoop or bolt, find good irradiation Angle according to design requirements, after looking for the right degree, tighten fixtures are good.
Rows to install the lamps and lanterns of the elevation Angle should be consistent, neat rows.
3.3 adaptor down lead: the pin insulator is fixed on the lamp, the end of the wire tie up back on the insulator, and respectively connected with lamp holder, fuse. Joint with latex and black tape wrap half range overlap each layer. And then, will the other end of the wire tension, and connected to the main street back button after winding.
3.3.1 each phase line of lamps and lanterns should be equipped with fuse, and phase line can screw base at the center of the terminal.
3.3.2 rainfall distribution on 10-12 down lead and street light mains connection point from the center of rod should be 400 ~ 600 mm, and the bilateral symmetry.
3.3.3 downlead volley should not have joint, should not be more than 4 m in length, should be equipped with more than fixed point or use the steel wire.
3.3.4 wire in and out of the lamp should be set of soft plastic tube, and waterproof.
3.4 try light: all installation work has been completed, power, lamp, and further adjust the irradiation Angle of lamps and lanterns.
4 quality standards
4.1 ensure projects:
Lighting fixtures, lamps and lanterns, hardware specifications, models, quality must meet the design requirements. Wires must be tightly and firmly.
Inspection method: to observe the inspection and check sending test adjustment record.
4.2 the basic items:
2 black metal anti-corrosion protection complete hardware parts.
Inspection method: to observe the examination.
4.2.2 lamp, fixation, correct pole lights on the wire should be tighten. Lamps and lanterns is clean, neat rows of the installation.
Inspection method: to observe the examination.
5 finished product protection
After installation, lamps and lanterns should prevent collisions.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 the downlead relaxation. Down lead and main junction is not back button or lever down lead when operating on collision.
6.2 irradiation Angle of lamps and lanterns is not accurate. Fixtures are fixed installation is firm, make lamp arm horizontal displacement or droop.
7 quality records
7.1 lamps and lanterns, pin insulator, insulated wires, and other products the factory quality certificate.
7.2 on the pole lamp installation engineering preview, self-inspection record.
7.3 design changes regarding the record, record drawings.
7.4 overhead line and rod breakdown electric equipment installation engineering quality inspection records.

Prestressed short to round hole plate installation process

Prestressed short to round hole plate installation
1 scope
This technology standard is suitable for the brick structure, exterior brick mold, plate within internal model, frame structure, prestressed round orifice (long and short to the board) installation.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material and main equipments:
2.1.1 prestressed hole board: there should be no defects such as crack, warp. Products should comply with the quality requirements, should have the factory certificate. Member state shall practise a product license, product license Numbers should be in accordance with the provisions.
2.1.2 cement: the label above no. 325 slag Portland cement and ordinary Portland cement, Portland cement. Cement should be the factory certificate, according to the rules for a second interview.
2.1.3 sand, medium sand.
2.1.4 tools: steel board, pry root, casing, pipe support, 100 mm x 100 mm wood square pillar, tool type rigid frame module and fixture, etc.
2.2 operation conditions
2.2.1 piled up in the designated place, after round orifice play yard should level off ramming, stow-wood to near rings or 300 mm from the plate end, stow-wood and alignment, can not have the basis of the stacking height is not more than 10 pieces. Different number plate piled.
2.2.2 before installation according to the design drawing check the plate number of the floor slab, and check the round hole plate quality, deformation, fracture, damage phenomenon, may not be used.
2.2.3 extreme round hole, the file before delivery with 50 mm thick, M2.5 mortar block by slurry plugging. Before installation should check whether the good. For 60 mm mortar away from extreme distance. For prestressed short round orifice plate end anchorage reinforcement (beard), should be used for casing straighten out, bending 45 °, can not be bent into a dead corner, prevent fracture.
2.2.4 artifacts such as damage, but through the reinforcement reinforcement of fair use, research and design units to reinforce reinforcing measures, and after the formalities of the change of the negotiation, are allowed to install.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
Leveling layer or hard branch mode to drawing board position line, hoisting floor to adjust the plate location, binding or welding anchor reinforcement

3.2 leveling layer or hard branch mode: round hole plate up the wall or roof beam before installation clean, elevation and axis dimension inspection, according to the design requirements of cement mortar screed-coat, thickness is 1.5 ~ 20 mm commonly, mixture ratio of 1:3. In cast-in-situ concrete installation hole on the wall board, normally the wall, the concrete strength more than 4 mpa for installation. Install round orifice plate can also be hard wearing shuttering method: according to the plate bottom elevation 100 m x 100 mm (with steel pipes or wooden pillars supporting the main wall, above the supporting plate bottom (to straight, steel or wood pillar bottom cushion long scaffolding, chock back tough roots, upon application, ensure the plate bottom elevation.
3.3 row plate position line: in the retainer prestressed hole board wall or beam profile, according to the requirements of design drawings to draw plate seam line of position, should be marked on the beam or the wall plate, round orifice between open joints as stipulated in the design, when the design has no rules, plate width of 40 mm. Sew wide 60 mm, should be in accordance with the requirements of reinforcement design.
Lifting floor: 3.4 requirement each lifting point even when lifting force, board face level, avoid torsional become warped plate cracking. Like the wall USES the method of cement mortar screed-coat, before hoisting floor or the wall beam with plain cement (water cement ratio 0.45). According to the design drawing to check the wall plate number is correct, then a drunbility, no fault. Alignment position line installation plate end, slowly down, steadier before allowing decoupling.
3.5 adjustment plate location: toggle plate end his shaft, make on both ends of the plate wall length and the distance between the plate conform to the requirements of the design drawings.
3.6 binding or welding anchor reinforcement: such as short to the board, the board side out of the anchoring reinforcement (beard) after finishing a 45 ° bend, bend and cross each other. In the corner of length of 1 phi 6 through connection. Joints shall be not less than 40 mm, greater than 60 mm, should according to the design requirements of reinforcement. It is strictly prohibited on the anchoring reinforcement curved 90 ° or pressure under the plate. Bending anchoring reinforcement on casing slow, prevent bending is broken. To plate, such as long in place after welding the anchoring reinforcement will be according to the requirements of drawings, with 1 phi 12 long tendons, the board side every board outstretched prestressed with another piece of plate plate end protruding reinforced root welding, but at least four spot welding every board. Welding quality comply with the provisions of the welding procedures.
4 quality standards
4.1 ensure projects:
4.4.1 hoisting strength component must comply with the design requirements, such as design requirements, should not be less than 70% of the design strength grade. Check the component factory certificate.
4.1.2 component types, location and protection anchor must comply with the design requirements, and no deformation and damage phenomenon. Check the lifting record.
4.2 the basic items:
2 level, sit pulp, plate end plug hole, slit width should comply with the design requirements and construction norms.
4.2.2 component joint welding should be smooth, no sag, flash, weld length conforms to the requirements, no cracks, porosity, slag inclusion and joint bite edge.
Holdings allow deviation project
Aside the floor length: plus or minus 10 mm feet quantity check.
Adjacent small floor surface elevation difference:
5 mm plaster
Don't plaster 3 mm
5 finished product protection
5.1 round orifice during transport and storage, different number plate should be piled up. Yard to formation compaction, pile up when leaving gaps between the plate and the ground, and drainage measures, plate during transportation will be binding and firm, in case of mobile, beating or dump on the board end all contact with the rope in concrete, the gasket should be used to protect.
5.2 big mould structure concrete wall installation floor, in general, should be in the wall concrete strength of more than 4 mpa, party must install the floor.
5.3 short to prestressed hole board only allow carved small chisel holes, and shall not be hurt two consecutive root ribs, carved chisel gently, not the rest of the damage plate; When the board needs to take larger hole, designers should be invited for accounting, reinforcement measures. For long to the plate also allows only take small holes, and shall not be helped and advocate muscle injury, if you have difficulty, designers should be invited for accounting, make the corresponding reinforcement processing.
5.4 round orifice anchoring reinforcement shall be properly protected, shall not bend or break.
After 5.5 buckle plate, plate in the middle should add a support, to ensure the construction safety and quality of the installation of the floor.
5.6 installation shall not be trampled ring beam floor.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 installation unqualified floor: before installation of floor not only to check the product certificate, should also check whether there are cracks or other defects. Prevent in place after the found board is unqualified.
6.2 the length of the lap on the bearing plate end enough: plate in place, the lap length depending on both ends. Or plate in place after a random prize.
6.3 floor blind stitching: before installation not in accordance with the requirements of design drawings to draw seam width line of position; Don't look at line when hoisting in place; In place after the other researchers randomly move plate, can create floor blind stitch.
6.4 floor and pedestal lap false: should check before gusset plate wall elevation, the good mortar screed-coat, gusset plate when pouring cement slurry.
6.5 plug hole too shallow and floor anchoring reinforcement broken: gusset plate inspection hole plugging will points before the design requirements. Short anchor reinforcement to the board to rationalize, tied to a reinforced by the regulation, to prevent the pressure into the wall, the length to the plate welding anchor reinforcement according to stipulations.
7 quality records
This technology standard should have the following quality records
7.1 steel factory quality certificate or test report.
7.2 steel mechanical test report.
7.3 component factory certificate.
7.4 electrode factory certificate.
7.5 prefabricated segments record record (preview).
7.6 component installation engineering quality inspection record separately.

Metope stick ceramic Mosaic construction technology

Metope stick ceramic Mosaic construction
1 scope
The technology standard is applicable to civil and public buildings indoor metope stick ceramic Mosaic decoration engineering.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material requirements:
2.1.1 cement: 325 # ordinary Portland cement and slag Portland cement. Should have the factory certificate or second interview list, if the factory for more than three months, should be used according to the test results.
2.1.2 white cement, white cement, 325.
2.1.3 sand, coarse sand and medium sand, sieving before use.
2.1.4 ceramic Mosaic (Mosaic) : should be smooth, color is consistent, each width specifications are consistent, correct size, edge, a play. Time shall not be greater than 40 min Mosaic to take off the paper.
2. L. 5 lime putty: application block system of quick lime spray, spray system must be used when the aperture is not more than 3 mm * 3 mm sieve filtration, and stored in the tank.
Curing time, temperature is generally not less than 15 d; To finish, should not be less than 30 d. When used in lime putty not curing at the end of the particles and other impurities.
2.1.6 quicklime powder, plaster with lime paste can be substituted for grinding fine lime powder, its fineness should through 4900 holes/cm2 sieve.
To finish, the curing time should not be less than 3 d.
2.1.7 paper reinforcement: use a blank sheet of paper paper reinforcement, reinforcement or use champs three weeks before the application of water to soak. Use appropriate with a small steel slow is fine.
2.1.8 polyvinyl formal (that is, 107 glue) and mineral pigment, etc.
2.2 the main equipment:
2.2.1 the scale, iron plate, 5 mm sieve aperture, window screen sieve, carts, drum, small, flat shovel bucket, wood trowel, steel trowel (1 mm thick), surgery, or steel sheet (20 mm * 70 mm * LMM), iron level, feet, foot board, the bottom rod (3000 ~ 5000 mm x 40 mm x 10 ~ 15 mm), large, medium, small bar, grey, grey spoon, mm, brush, brush chicken leg, fine steel wire brush, broom, the size of the hammer, chalk line package, string cable, clean cloth or cotton silk, pliers, spade, steel chisel, small desktop grinding wheel, pointing, pointing to the ash of the valve plate, line board, line drop, box feet, nails, red pencil, lead wire, tool bag, etc.
2.3 operation conditions:
2.3.1 in accordance with the requirements of design drawings, according to the practice and quantities of each part of the building of concrete in advance with specifications of the selected color is consistent, ceramic Mosaic, piled and keep it well.
2.3.2 reserved holes and drainage pipe should be processed, door window frame, fan will place, with 1:3 cement mortar to block a gap sealed. Aluminium alloy door window frame seam sealing materials used should comply with the design requirements, and the plug wall is close-grained, and pasted protective film in advance.
2.3.3 scaffolding or hanging basket pitched well ahead of schedule, had better choose double row shelf (top outdoor appropriate USES hanging basket, multilayer can also be used bridge type shelf, etc.), the bearing cups and pull rod should be spat from doors and Windows 150 ~ 200 mm. Shelves of high step to conform to the requirements of the construction.
2.3.4 metope grassroots to clean up, feet good hand-eye plugging.
2.3.5 large area before construction should do first sample, sample is finished, must by the quality inspection department after appraisal is eligible, pass design, party a and the construction unit jointly determined. Can organize team construction according to the requirements of sample.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
Basic level processing - hung vertically, set of square, to find the rules - stick ash cake - to play line, base with ashes

Stick the ceramic Mosaic - jie paper, adjustable seam - wipe a seam

3.2 at the grass-roots level for the concrete walls:
3.2.1 basic level processing: first of all to protrude the stuck between concrete flat of metope, concrete wall of large steel mould construction should be cut hair, filled with a wire brush to brush again, water wet again. If primary concrete is very smooth, can also use "roughen processing" approach, namely the surface dust, clean up dirt, first with 10% caustic soda water oil pollution of the metope is brushed, then use clean water to lye rinse and dry. Then fine with 1: cement mortar within 20% of the 107 glue, mix into water spray or use the broom to mortar on the wall, the left point wants even, water conservation, after the final set until the cement mortar bumps smooth on all glued to the concrete, and has high strength, break with the hand did not move.
3.2.2 hanging vertical, set square, find rules, stick ash cake: according to the wall structure roughness find out the rules of the ceramic Mosaic, if it is a tall building on the metope of all stick ceramic Mosaic, surrounded by large Angle and door window should be with a theodolite find straight vertical line; If is a multi-storey building, can start from the top line with special big fall guy wire hanging vertically, then according to the specifications of the ceramic Mosaic, sizes layered instruction, do ash cake. Horizontal lines are horizontal floor baseline loop control, vertical line around with large Angle and through the column, buttress for the baseline control between the layers. Each layer of render it as grey as a reference point for screed, make its underlying ash do horizontal flat vertical, founder. At the same time pay attention to find good eaves, waist line, windowsill, awning and other decorative surface slope and the water drip line (slot). Its depth is not less than 10 mm wide, neat and consistent, and must be the whole brick.
3.2.3 wipe base ash: base ash general secondary operations, brush a mix into 15% of the 107 first plastic cement slurry, following the first round with cement mortar, the mixture ratio of 1:2.5 or 1, 3, and 20% admixture cement weighs 107 glue, apply a thin layer, use float compaction. The second press with the same mixture ratio of mortar screed, with short poles, leveling dips TianPingBuJi beforehand, in the end, wood float to rub out the pits. Water conservation foundation ash after the wipe, the next day.
3.2.4 flare line: stick ceramic Mosaic should be released before the construction details, pop-up several horizontal line, according to the height of concrete in the horizontal line, should calculate the ceramic Mosaic blocks, kept the whole brick between two lines. Such as frame need to divide by the total height, according to the design and ceramic Mosaic set nuiko width, varieties, specifications for the frame processing again. But the same can not have a row of not more than the whole metope brick, and should be set on a hidden area.
3.2.5 stick ceramic Mosaic: post shall be carried out from top to bottom. High-rise building measures, segments. Within each section or block of ceramic Mosaic, are all from bottom to top with stick. Stick ceramic Mosaic bottom ash to water wettability, and playing good horizontal line of the mouth, on a mat on the feet, generally for a group of three people. One water wetting metope, brush on a plain water first mud down (within 10% of the 107 glue); Add 2 ~ 3 mm thick layer of mixed ash binder, the mixture ratio of paper reinforced cement, lime putty, = 1:1:2 (the paper first reinforced with lime paste stir 3 mm sieve, stir again and cement),
Also can use 1:0.3 cement reinforced paper grey, used by foot plate, leveling with a trowel smooth; Another man will spread ceramic Mosaic (piping up) on the wooden board, filling nuiko 1:1 cement fine sand ashes, with a soft brush MAO textured, with a net to wipe on a thin layer of mortar. And handed it to another person, quadrilateral ash scrape, hands of live above ceramic Mosaic, in has a good mat feet by post, nuiko alignment, should pay attention to the good relation line post. Such as frame through a set of, will continue to post article mm on the top line the second group. Set the height of the post should be according to the temperature conditions.
3.2.6 jie paper, adjustable seam: stick the ceramic Mosaic metope, want to hand clappers, depend on good on metope, in one hand and a hammer to clappers full knock again (knock, knock), then the paper with a brush on the ceramic Mosaic sheung shui, about 20 ~ 30 min, such as paper can begin to jie. After uncovering paper check whether nuiko size uniform, such as appear skewed, wrongly nuiko, should order correct paste, horizontal vertical, correct the dial straight after the first.
3.2.7 brush seam: paste after 48 h, with float first sew approximate ceramic Mosaic color clean water mud lay it seam need to wipe on ceramic Mosaic, then the slurry with a scraper scraping full, scraping the solid, in nuiko yan, reoccupy hemp yarn and clean cloth to wipe the surface. Legacy in nuiko float sand can be used wet clean soft brush out gently, if you want to finish cleaning, should can be carried out after jointing material hardening. Article on the mm nuiko to induce yan GouPing in 1:1 cement mortar, and then use clean cloth to wipe clean.
3.3 at the grass-roots level of brick walls:
3.3.1 basic level processing: plaster walls must be clean before, check the window sill and the place such as waist line, the damage and loose parts to handle, and then water wetting metope.
3.3.2 rainfall distribution on 10-12 hanging vertical, set square, find rules: and the grass-roots for concrete wall.
3.3.3 wipe base ash: base ash general secondary operation, for the first time to put on the thin layer and with a trowel compaction, cement mortar mixing ratio is 1:3, and mixing cement weighs 20% of 107 glue; Second press with the same mixture ratio of mortar screeding screed line, with a short bar, leveling dips TianPingBuJi beforehand, with wood float finally hung pits. Water conservation foundation ash after the wipe, the next day.
We ~ 3.3.7 with base for the concrete practice of metope.
3.4 for the aerated concrete wall at the grass-roots level, appropriate, choose one of the following two ways:
3.4.1 track water and aerated concrete surface, repair the lack of edge drop horn. Before repair, brush a first polymer slurry, then use 1:3:9 = cement: white plaster: layered filling sand mixed mortar, the next brush polymer cement slurry, and 1:1:6 mixed mortar base, wood float rub flat, water conservation the next day.
3.4.2 water and aerated concrete surface, in the lack of edge drop horn brush polymer cement, mortar mixed with 1:3:9 layered filling-in, after being dry, nail wire mesh layer and tighten. In online metal layered with 1:1:6 mixed mortar base (preferably adopts the mechanical injection process), mortar and metal mesh should be combined with strong, with wooden sister gently rub flat, finally the next water conservation.
Other practices with concrete walls.
3.5 summer with outdoor walls ceramic Mosaic, should have measures to prevent exposure of reliable.
Winter construction: 3.6 generally only at the beginning of the winter shi construction, stage of cold shall not put outdoor metope ceramic Mosaic inlay.
3.6.1 mortar shall not be lower than 5 ℃, the use of temperature of slurry before hardening, antifreezing measures should be taken.
3.6.2 with freezing method of masonry wall, should be the thaw rear can construction.
3.6.3 set early hardening paste mortar shall not be cold. When the temperature is below 5 ℃, outdoor setting and posted in the mortar can be mixed with admixture can reduce the freezing temperature, its infiltration amount should be determined by test.
3.6.4 radar echoes captured in order to prevent the ash layer in the early seas, and ensure the quality of operation, the mortar in the white plaster and 107 glue can't use, can use the same volume of fly ash to replace or to switch to cement mortar plaster.
3.6.5 winter indoor set stick ceramic Mosaic, can use hot air or stove chimney to accelerate drying. When the hot air is used, should be excluded from moisture, set ventilation and temperature control and management of designated persons.
4 quality standard method
4.1 ensure projects:
4.4.1 ceramic Mosaic of the varieties, specifications, color, design must comply with the design requirements and provisions of the current standard.
4.1.2 ceramic Mosaic inlay must be strong, fall off without skew, lack of stare blankly, and cracks and other defects.
4.2 the basic items:
2: surface level off, clean, color coordinated.
4.2.2 seam filling embedded compact, flat, width is consistent, the same color, press the right Angle of Yin and Yang of brick, not use parts of the whole brick is appropriate.
Holdings of cut; With whole brick cut, neat; Dado, stick on the face and let it outstand the wall thickness.
4.2.4 slope direction, drip line: water slope to correct; Drip line straight.
4.3 allowable deviation project are shown in table 9-32.
Stick ceramic Mosaic of allowable deviation table 9-32
Will project allow deviation (mm) check method
Ceramic Mosaic

Vertical indoor facade in 2 m 2 quantity check line board and ruler
Vertical elevation outdoor 3 in 2 m quantity check line board and ruler
Surface is flat and level 2 in 2 m by feet and feeler check
3 Yang Angle founder 2 with 20 cm square chi and feeler check
4 seam straight 2 5 m string cable and rod inspection
5 dado flowing straight 2 quantity check 5 m string cable and ruler

Seam height indoor 0.5
Seam height 1 outdoor

5 finished product protection
5.1 with good ceramic jin brick wall surface, should be practical and reliable measures to prevent pollution; At the same time to clear in time clean residue on the door window frame, door of mortar. Aluminum alloy door window frame, door, in particular, should be pasted in advance protective film, prevent pollution.
5.2 the plaster layer before condensation should prevent dry, sun, water, the impact and vibration.
5.3 a few type of work (water and electricity, ventilation, equipment installation, etc.) of all kinds of live before ceramic Mosaic inlay is stuck, should do to prevent the damage of brick.
5.4 when the demolition of frame don't collision metope.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 the empty drum, fall off:
6.1.1 due to low winter temperatures, mortar seas, coming after the spring thaw for ceramic Mosaic back more smooth and easy to fall off. So when making set stick ceramic Mosaic operation, should maintain temperature, outdoor ceramic Mosaic unfavorable winter construction.
6.1.2 surface deflection at the grass-roots level, basic level processing or improper construction, such as each layer of plaster with too tight; Ceramic Mosaic tick off seam is lax, and without water conservation, the bonding strength between the layers is very poor, the surface is easy to generate empty drum, fall off.
No, also 6.1.3 the formulations of cement mortar consistency control is bad, sand silt content is too large; Or on the same construction, using several different mixture ratio of mortar, and thus produce different drying shrinkage, can cause the empty drum. Standard operation should be serious in strict accordance with the process, attaches great importance to the basic level processing and self inspections, found empty drum should immediately rework heavy stick. The whole or independent part should be completed at a time.
6.1.4 divided seam uneven, metope uneven: main is not seriously before construction according to the size of the drawing to check the actual situation of the structure construction, construction of basic level processing and not seriously enough; Less bread stick ash control points at the same time, hence the metope is not smooth. Due to the elastic line brick is not fine, do not match the size each ceramic Mosaic, choose brick is not fine, improper operation, such as construction frame joints caused by uneven. Should be chosen is the same size of the ceramic Mosaic inlay on the wall. Less than a full brick left live should be deal with by designated personnel.
6.1.5 Angle not founder of Yin and Yang: the main sketch is grey, not according to the rules to hang straight, set of square, to find the rules.
6.1.6 metope pollution: mainly after check the seam mortar for failing to wipe, or due to other type of work and working procedure metope pollution, etc. Can dip in with cotton silk dilute hydrochloric acid to scrub, and then rinse with clear water.
7 quality records
This technology standard should have the following quality records:
7.1 ceramic Mosaic factory certification and its second-round exam report, etc.
7.2 part project quality inspection evaluation table.
7.3 outdoor ceramic Mosaic of drawing test report and so on.

The wire erection technology of the overhead line

The overhead line wires erection
1 scope
The technology standard is applicable to 10 kv and below wire of overhead distribution line construction installation engineering.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material requirements:
2.1.1 adopted by the equipment and materials shall comply with the terms of home with the current technical standards, and shall have the manufacturer's certificate.
2.1.2 wire:
2.1.2.1 there should be no loose strands of the conductor, cross, folding, fracture and damage defects, such as naked aluminium conductor should not have serious corrosion phenomena.
2.1.2.2 should not have serious corrosion phenomena.
2.1.2.3 insulated wire table and should level off, smooth, colour and lustre is uniform, insulating layer thickness should comply with the rules. Insulation should be extruded close together, and easy to peel, insulated wire end should be sealed.
2.1.2.4 conductor minimum cross section should comply with the values shown in table 3-76.
Conductor minimum cross section (was) table 3-76
Wire type 10 kv
Residential area of residential areas below 1 kv
Aluminium conductor
Steel core aluminum stranded wire
Copper conductor, 35
25
16 to 25
16 and 25
16 16 to 25
16 and 25
3.2 ~ 4.0 mm in diameter

2.1.3 suspension insulator, butterfly insulator
2.1.3.1 porcelain and iron combination no askew phenomenon, and combine closely, galvanized iron well.
2.1.3.2 porcelain glaze is smooth, no cracks, lack of glaze, spots, burn mark and defects such as bubble or enamel burn out.
2.1.3.3 spring pin, the elastic cushion is suitable for.
2.1.3.4 ac withstand voltage test on high voltage insulator must conform to the norms of construction.
2.1.4 tie line: bare wire cable tie should be chosen with wire metal single strand, should not be less than 2.0 mm in diameter, insulated wires should choose insulation cable tie.
2.1.5 strain clamp, and groove clamp, pipe clamp pressure, aluminum belt
2.1.5.1 surface should be smooth, no crack, burr, flash, sand holes, such as bubble defects.
2.1.5.2 clamp flexible rotation, and wire interface meets the requirements.
2.1.5.3 bowl head hangs Taiwan, parallel hangs Taiwan, rectangular hangs Taiwan, u-shaped ring, ball lost ring type, drawing board, even pull, mat, etc.
2.1.5.4 surface should be smooth, no crack, burr, flash, sand holes, such as bubble defects.
Good 2.1.5.5 should be hot dip galvanized, galvanized, galvanized layer without peeling, corrosion phenomenon.
2.1.6 bolts:
2.1.6.1 bolt surface should not have crack, sand holes, zinc skin peeling and corrosion phenomena.
2.1.6.2 the matching of the screw and nut should be good, to increase the size of the internal thread with a coating of the external thread, the tolerance should be consistent with existing national standards "common thread 1 ~ 300 mm diameter tolerance of coarse thread level 3 standards.
2.1.6.3 bolt should have a locking device, locking device elastic should be appropriate, thickness should comply with the rules.
2.1.7 other materials: electric power compound, abrasive paper, paint, etc.
2.2 the main machine;
2.2.1 tightener, chain hoist, openings of pulleys, motorized, adjustable wrench, hydraulic pliers, hammer, hacksaw, inadvertently, fine steel wire brush, etc.
2.2.2 axes, iron wire, nylon rope size, ram, bamboo ladder, thermometer, telescope, climbers, seat belts, trolleys, etc.
2.3 operation conditions:
2.3.1 guy has been installed.
2.3.2 line obstacles on the processed, pay-off by other lines cross the line protection during the erection.
2.3.3 conductor cross section in 150 was above or line is longer, the line head end (tight) play tight line with anchor drill.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
Pay-off to tie tight line - insulator, took the lead, down lead

3.2 pay-off: will lead to the line head end (line), with a steel frame bobbin, then pay-off.
General steel has two ways: one way is to traverse along the pole roots after let go, then wires on the electric pole; Another method is a good opening roller at the cross arm, while taking in reverse wire condole is placed within the pulley forward.
3.2.1 the feeding process, appearance inspection should be made for wire should not be gall, broken strands, the phenomenon such as distortion, gold hook, beheaded. When the conductor in the following situation, corresponding measures should be taken.
3.2.1.1 when the conductor damage in the same place, at the same time meet the following conditions, the lesions should be sharp edges and burrs with 0 sand, can be mended:
A single strand damage depth of not less than 1/2 in diameter.
B steel core aluminum stranded wire and steel core aluminum stranded wire cross-sectional area below the conductive part of the cross-sectional area of 5%, and the strength loss is less than 4%.
C single metal wire damage area is less than 4%.
3.2.1.2 damage condition when the conductor in the same place more than the above range, shall be for the repair. The repair practice should comply with the construction and acceptance of norms.
3.2.2 lead straight to avoid joint, when the inevitable, joints shall meet the following requirements:
3.2.2.1 in the same way, the same joint on the wire should not be more than one. Wire connector position and distance should be greater than 0.5 m wire fixed place, when a shockproof device should be installed in earthquake outside.
3.2.2.2 different metals, different specifications, different direction of stranding wire are strictly prohibited within the block from the connection.
3.2.2.3 when wire winding method, the connection part of the wire strands should be good, should not have broken stocks, such problems as loose strands.
3.2.2.4 when using clamp pressure tube connecting wire surface shall be removed and the tube wall of dirt. Connection parts of the aluminum contact surface should be coated a layer of electricity compound, with fine steel wire brush to clean the surface oxidation film, retain paint, pressure welding. Pressure port number and the position and depth should comply with the rules.
3.2.2.5 below 1 kv lines using insulated wire erection, pay-off should not damage wire insulation layer and in the process of torsion, bending, etc.
Tight line 3.3:
3.3.1 wires in the end of the line card is fixed on the strain clamp or tied back on the butterfly insulator.
Bare aluminum wire clip on online or when it is fixed on the butterfly insulator, should be wrapped package aluminum belt, winding direction should be the same as that of the outer stranded wires, winding should be beyond the contact part of 30 mm length.
Bare aluminum wire binding on butterfly insulator length are shown in table 3-77.
Tie length value table 3-77
Conductor cross-section (was) tied to plunge into the length (mm)
LJ - 50, LGJ - 50, and the following
LJ - 70, 150
200

3.3.2 rainfall distribution on 10-12 lacing tie line, should choose the single strand with wire metal, its diameter should not less than 2 mm.
3.3.3 insulator installation shall meet the following requirements:
3.3.3.1 installation should be solid, reliable connection and prevent water.
3.3.3.2 when installation should be cleared surface gray scale, attachments, and should not have the coating.
3.3.3.3 insulator skirt edge and electric parts clearance should not be less than 50 mm.
3.3.4 suspension insulator installation, should also meet the following requirements:
3.3.4.1 and pole, wire hardware connection, no conformity phenomenon.
3.3.4.2 tension on the spring pin, bolt, and nail should be wear down.
3.3.4.3 hanging string on the spring pin, bolts and needle should be through to the electrical side. Two edges should be outside introversion, line should be from left to right through.
3.3.5 on head end bar, hang up tightener or tied down on the anchor chain. First two edges with human initial tension, and then use tightener or chain tight line. After observation has met the requirement of the wire sag, the wire card is fixed on the strain clamp or set on the butterfly insulator tied back (bare aluminum conductor shall be wrapped steel belt), finally, balance the tension on the other wire, pay attention to adjust the wire sag, and leveling.
3.3.5.1 wire after erection, lead to ground and cross cross distance, should comply with the design requirements.
3.3.5.2 wire tightly, sag error should not exceed 15% of the design sag. Each equal to the line sag in the class should be consistent, in meet the sag and the provisions of the permissible error and the relative error of sag, should not exceed 200 mm.
3.4 insulator binding: straight rod wire fixed banding on pin insulator, rod or intermediate rod should be by line Angle, then one by one to tie at both ends.
Tie pin type insulator shall meet the following requirements:
3.4.1 track line Angle bar wire should be fixed outer insulator Angle of the lateral grooves.
3.4.2 straight across the bar wire should use fixed double insulator, conductor should not appear in a fixed place of ontology Angle.
Rule 3.4.3 high-voltage lines straight rod wire should be fixed on the top of the pin insulator groove, and tied the double cross; Low voltage line straight rod wires can be fixed in the groove on the side of the pin insulator, can be tied to a single cross.
3.5 after taking the lead, set down lead: the tension bar, Angle bar, branch pole, pole terminal took the lead or down lead.
After taking the lead, take down lead shall meet the following requirements:
3.5.1 track of lead should be homogeneously radian, without hard curved; Add insulator when necessary.
3.5.2 took the lead, downlead, should be connected to the main line, with insulator shall not turn back tie together; Aluminum conductor connections between general and groove clamp should be adopted, but 70 was the following wire can be connected by binding, binding length should not be less than shown in table 3-78.
A wire tie length value table 3-78
Conductor cross section
(was) binding length
(mm) lead section
(was) binding length
(mm)
LJ - 35 and under
LJ - 50
LJ - 70, 150
200
TJ - 250 and the following 6
TJ - 25 ~ 35
TJ - 50 ~ 95, 100
150
200
Note: different cross-section wire connection, the tie with small cross-section wire length.

3.5.3 copper, aluminum wire connection transition should use copper and aluminum wire clip, or the transition of reliable measures.
3.5.4 10 kv line using transition and groove clamp connection wire, wire clip quantity should not be less than 2: junction surface should be smooth, bright and clean, conductor and and groove clamp slot should be removing oxidation film, with electricity compound.
2.6.2 l ~ 10 kv lines each phase lead, down lead to lead, downlead of adjacent phase or between wires, after installation clearance distance should be not less than 300 mm; 1 kv lines below should not be less than 150 mm.
3.6 line of wire and wire, electric pole or after installation clearance distance between architecture, l ~ 10 kv, should not be less than 200 mm; 1 kv, should not be less than 100 mm.
Below 3.7 1 kv lines using insulated wires, joint specification should be consistent with existing national regulation, and should be insulation bandaging.
3.8 overhead distribution lines of lightning protection and grounding should comply with the regulations of design and specification.
4 quality requirements
4.1 ensure projects:
4.4.1 hardware specifications, models, quality must meet the design requirements. Ac withstand voltage test of high voltage insulator results must comply with the rules and regulations of construction.
Methods: to observe the inspection, pressure test record check factory certification and insulator.
High voltage porcelain surface is strictly forbidden to 4.1.2 defects such as cracks, defects, enamel burn out. Review the insulator of bearing bar.
Inspection method: to observe the inspection and check the installation records.
4.1.3 wire connection must be closely and firmly, joint are strictly forbidden to have to break and damage; Of wires in the pipe after the crimping or straightening crack in it is strictly prohibited.
Inspection method: to observe the inspection and check the installation records.
4.2 the basic items:
2 conductor and insulator fixed and reliable, and no broken wire strands, twisting and bending of death; Excessive wear of line and line segment with other defects repair intact.
Inspection method: to observe the inspection and check the installation records.
4.2.2 fuses, down lead wires and wire accords with a requirement of the minimum safety distance between; Wire layout reasonable, neat, line to line connection to clear, to identify the convenient.
Test method: observation or measurement inspection.
Holdings circuit grounding (zero) line equipped to reasonable, compact connection, strong, choose correct wire section, anticorrosive parts of the paint evenly without omission.
Inspection method: to observe the examination.
4.3 allowable deviation (table 3-79) of the project:
Wire sag allowable deviation table 3-79
Will project allowable deviation inspection method
1
Actual value is 2
Within the same wire sag difference between 5%
200 mm feet quantity check


5 finished product protection
5.1 wire in the feeding process, should prevent chafing, broken strands, the phenomenon such as twisting, bending.
5.2 wire after erection, such as construction site is more close, don't drop things online should be paid attention to the road.
5.3 distribution circuit in case of cross with other lines, must build the line frame, avoid friction and collision between the lines.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 pay-off, wire twisting, back button, broken stocks, chafing. Protective measures should be taken to protect good conductor.
6.2 wire after erection, sag error. Set up a wire, should pay attention to the temperature and the requirement of sag, careful observation and adjustment.
6.3 insulator tie is not correct, look back tie is not tight, length is not enough. Should be seriously tie, according to the requirement in the process of binding, often should use pliers to tighten cable tie.
7 quality records
7.1 wire, strain clamp and groove clamp, pipe clamp pressure, aluminum belt, all kinds of hardware such as hangs Taiwan should have product quality certificate.
7.2 suspension insulator, butterfly insulator due and product quality certificate, and the ac withstand voltage test report.
7.3 overhead line conductors construction project engineering, self-inspection record.
7.4 design changes regarding the record, record drawings.
7.5 overhead line and rod breakdown electric equipment installation engineering quality inspection records.

Double reinforced composite plate installation construction technology

Double reinforced composite plate installation
1 scope
This technology is applicable to a variety of multi-storey and high-rise civil building composite floor or roof panel installation. The conditions for industrial buildings can also be used.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material and main equipments:
2.1.1 double reinforced composite board: a board thickness is divided into two series of 50 mm and 63 mm. Plane size based on three mode, 50 mm series, 4.2 m to 6.3 m long, wide, l. 5 m to 3.9 m., 72; Series of 63 mm, 4.2 m to 7.2 m long, 1.5 m to 3.9 m wide, a total of 99 kinds. Prefabricated composite plate composite surface concave and convex differential should have not less than 4 mm artificial rough surface, surface can not have loose layer and bleeding. Double reinforced composite plate to have the factory certificate.
2.1.2 bearing hard mode branch and the plate seam of wood, wood square, or finalize the pillar should be according to the construction plan.
2.1.3 machines; Vertical transportation machinery, steel tape, crowbar, etc.
2.2 operation conditions:
2.2.1 according to drawings, specifications, superimposed slab atlas and negotiation requirements, map composite plate installation. Which should show composite board plane position, type, the size of the joints, bearing on length, bearing hard mode branch location, temporary support, so that composite plate installation.
2.2.2 checks on the quality of composite plate: check the presence of cracks and defects, check the quality of the surface of the composite plate. Whoever does not meet the requirements of the quality shall not be used. And according to the installation drawing check composite plate type and specification.
Then check the wall or beam elevation and axis. Beam and ring beam reinforcement and completed implicit, preview the template.
2.2.4 superimposed slab pile and site requirements:
2.2.4.1 field should be copy in advance, the whole firm, built 3:7 and lime soil two steps.
2.2.4.2 heap fulcrum position with lifting point. Each composite plate under the composite board to close to the rings should be put on long stow-wood, alignment, up and down to is, mat, mat. Different number plate should be shelved, don't allow different overlap stacking number plate. Stacking height should be no greater than 6 layer. When conditions permit, should to go upstairs.
2.2.5 wall around the hard mode branch and makeup seam hard support and plates of temporary support, according to the construction scheme, the installation and finish preview.
3 operation process
3.1 process flow diagram:
Check bearings and joints stiff frame shuttering elevation to draw superimposed slab line of position, flat on the hoisting composite plate - >

Adjust the joints of composite plate reinforced the suspended length - finishing composite plate

3.2 aside on the bearing with composite board length is small (or not bearing), so the wall around the appropriate USES generally hard mode branch, general pillar and wall body for single row locking, spacing between 60-100 cm. Wall or beam top elevation should decline the l ~ 3 cm. Plate flat-fell seam place is also a hard frame support, generally for the double row pillars, spacing is 60 ~ 100 cm. Check carefully before assembling composite plate hard shuttering support system, check the wall or beam elevation, the axis, and the level of rigid frame shuttering stare blankly top surface elevation, and correction.
Line of position: 3.3 drawing composite board on the wall, beam or hard horizontal stare blankly side, according to the installation drawing plate seam line of position, and mark number plate. Makeup plate between the general need for 100 mm, such as board, can change between 80 mm to 170 mm. But more than 100 mm flat-fell seam should be placed close to plate edge on one side of the row. As shown in figure 4-39.

Figure 4-39 plate seam lien schematic diagram
3.4 superimposed slab hoisting in place: if the composite plate with reserved holes, find out its location before lifting, defined the direction of plate let. At the same time to check, removing the steel bar in place such as obstacles. Reserve should press when hoisting rings, to take eight rings synchronizing lifting way. But when, should make the composite plate on the designated by the composite board position line, according to the design bearing on annual slow fall in place, stable implementation.
3.5 adjust the superimposed slab joints of suspended length:
3.5.1 track of shaft bearing of the suspended length according to the requirements of drawings, gently adjusted. Tightening when it is necessary to use the crane hook line (but not support), supplemented by artificial shaft common on length adjustment.
3.5.2 drawings for bearing on length requirements, aside the plate on concrete members, generally to + 20 mm (that is, into the pedestal 20 mm). If board need, or between ~ + 30 mm to 50 mm. But if the wall thickness of 160 mm or less, drum supported edge should shelve length > 0. If must be smaller than - 50 mm, reinforcement length should be increased according to design requirements. On the length of the state as shown in figure 4-40.
3.5.3 in brick structure, board into the length of the bearing general should be greater than 50 mm.
3.6 according to the rules of design, finishing steel composite board has thrown around, not curved 90 °, nor shall it under pressure in the plate.
4 quality standards

Figure 4-40
4.1 ensure projects:
4.4.1 artifacts when lifting concrete strength must comply with the design requirements and construction norms.
Inspection method: inspect component factory certificates and test reports with condition maintenance test specimen.
4.1.2 seams superimposed slab concrete must be measured accurately, and cast close-grained, curing, its strength must meet the design requirements or construction norms.
Inspection method: observe and check the standard curing age 28 d block compression test report and record of construction.
4.1.3 composite plate type, location, protection anchor must comply with the design requirements, has no deformation failure phenomenon.
Inspection methods: observation or feet quantity inspection and check the lifting record.
4.2 the basic items:
Superimposed slab elevation, sit pulp, plate width, should comply with the design requirements and norms.
Inspection methods: observation, adequate inspection.
4.3 allowable deviation projects, see table 4-37.

Table 4-37
Will project allowable deviation check method (mm)
1 axis position displacement quantity of 5 'inspection
Layer 2 + 10 with high level or feet quantity check
Aside the 3 plate length + 10 feet quantity check
With grey 5
Don't plaster 3

5 finished product protection
5.1 superimposed slab pile and requirements should be strictly in accordance with clause 2.2.4 stacking area.
5.2 cast-in-situ wall, beam installation superimposed slab, the concrete strength to achieve 4 mpa in party construction.
5.3 composite board to jilt reinforcement (anchoring reinforcement) to be completed in the process of storage, transportation and loading for protection, shall not be repeated bend and break.
5.4 hoisting composite board, and shall not use "out", and more pieces of lifting. Should be used according to the reserved rings, synchronization of single block lifting of eight points. May not collision composite board in the trolley.
5.5 rigid frame shuttering plate supporting system of temporary support should be completed before the hoisting in place. Along every board to adding flux in the plate width take long wood shocked as a temporary support. All pillars in the bottom bedding shall be long scaffolding, and scaffolding for the foundation soil, leveling and compaction.
5.6 shall not be arbitrarily cut hole in the plate, such as the need to make hole on plate, mechanical drilling, and accordingly according to the requirements of design and atlas of reinforcement.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 overcome plate deflection, crack: hard mode branch and flat-fell seam support its epithelial elevation must be accurate, and must have enough stiffness, strength and stability, in order to make sure its not sink, not tilt.
6.2 overcome plate aside the bearing length, should be carefully adjusted when hoisting in place.
6.3 unqualified shall not be lifting plate in place, check carefully before assembly. Especially artificial roughness surface composite plate in accordance with the requirements, the loose layer and laitance should be cleared, to ensure that the concrete in composite surface combination is good.
7 quality records
This technology standard quality records should possess the following:
7.1 concrete components factory certificate.
7.2 structure lifting record.
7.3 prefabricated hoisting construction engineering.
7.4 component project technical disclosure.
7.5 kinds of construction quality test evaluation.