Plain concrete foundation construction process

1 scope
The technology standard is applicable to industrial and civil construction in the concrete foundation.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material and main equipments:
2.1.1 cement: appropriate USES 325 ~ 425 Portland cement, slag Portland cement and ordinary Portland cement.
2.1.2 sand, medium sand and coarse sand and silt content is not more than 5%.
2.1.3 stones, pebbles or gravel, particle size of 5 ~ 32 mm, silt content is not more than 2%, and no clutter.
2.1.4 water: tap water or clean water does not contain harmful substances.
2.1.5 additive and admixture, the varieties and dosage, should be determined by test according to need.
2.1.6 main machine, mixer, the scale, carts or skip (flat head and tip), a spade, vibrator (plug-in peace plate), scraping bars, wood trowel, rubber tubes, string or chute, etc.
2.2 operation conditions:
2.2.1 base size, basal elevation axes and geology are checked, and should be completed implicit inspection procedures.
2.2.2 installation template has been checked, comply with the design requirements, through engineering.
2.2.3 in tank, walls or template help make concrete flat logo, large casting based on the nail at intervals of about 3 m level.
2.2.4 buried in the cushion layer premaking parts, electrical and other pipeline have been installed, and through the acceptance.
2.2.5 checking concrete mixture ratio, and check the background the scale, technical clarificaiton. Ready to concrete test mode.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
Cleaning up inside the bottom of the channel or template to concrete mix, concrete pouring to concrete vibratory, concrete curing
3.2 clean: remove mud and debris on the foundation and foundation soil, and shall have the waterproof and drainage measures. For dry soil applied water wetting, there shall not be surface water. Within the mold plate remove rubbish, soil and other sundry, water wettability and wooden template, blocking plate seams and holes.
3.3 concrete mixing: background to charge: according to the concrete mixture ratio per plate feeding sequence for stones to cement, sand (admixture) and water (additive). Strict control of water, stir evenly, the shortest time not less than 90 s.
3.4 the pouring of concrete
3.4.1 track of concrete pouring the concrete surface height of the feed opening distance shall not be more than 2 m. Such as free pour down more than 2 m, should use string barrels or chute.
3.4.2 the pouring of concrete should be layered continuous, general layer thickness for the vibrator 1.25 times the length of the part, the biggest is not more than 50 cm.
Rule 3.4.3 inserted with internal vibrator should fast slow, pull plug point should be evenly arranged, point by point, order, shall not be omitted, vibrating compaction. Mobile spacing is not greater than 1.5 times of vibrating rod action radius. Should be inserted into the lower vibration on a layer of 5 cm, to clear the joint between the two layers. Flat vibrator mobile spacing, should ensure the edge of the vibrator plate cover is vibrating.
3.4.4 concrete can't continuous casting, generally more than 2 h, should be in accordance with the construction joint treatment.
3.4.5 pouring concrete, often should observe template, stents, and obligate hole and embedded parts for walking around. When found deformation, displacement, should immediately stop pouring, and handle in time, to continue pouring.
3.4.6 concrete vibratory compaction, wood float rub flat surface application.
3.4.7 of concrete curing: after the concrete pouring, should cover within 12 h and watering, watering frequency should be able to maintain enough concrete wetting state. Curing period is generally not less than seven days and nights.
3.4.8 rain, winter construction, open casting concrete should prepare the seasonal construction plan, take effective measures to ensure the quality of the concrete.
4 quality standards
4.1 ensure projects:
4.4.1 concrete used in cement, water, aggregate, admixtures must comply with the provisions of the construction specification and relevant standards.
4.1.2 the mixing proportion of concrete, metering, mixing of raw materials and maintenance and construction joint treatment, must comply with the norms of construction.
4.1.3 assess the strength of the concrete block, must according to the concrete strength inspection criteria (GBJ107-87), the provisions of the sampling, production, maintenance and test. Its strength must conform to the construction of the norms.
4.1.4 to design the structure of the cracks are not allowed to have, it is forbidden to crack; Design allows the structure of the cracks, the crack width must comply with the design requirements.
4.2 infrastructure projects:
2 should concrete vibrating close-grained, cellular area is not more than 200 cm2, accumulative total is not more than 400 cm2, no holes.
4.2.2 without gap slag layer.
4.3 allowable deviation projects, see table 2-14.
Plain concrete foundation to allow deviation table 2-14
Will project allowable deviation (mm) test method
1 label high plus or minus 10 level or stay 'quantity check
Surface roughness 8 in 2 m by 2 feet and wedge feeler check
3 basic axis displacement 15 with theodolite or stay 'quantity check
Four basic section size + 15-10 feet quantity check
5 ft 5 reserved hole centerline displacement quantity check
5 finished product protection
5.1 in concrete strength can guarantee its surface and edges and not damaged by dismantling templates, template can dismantle the side.
5.2 in the pouring of concrete strength is 5.2 MPa, can on the passers-by and the upper part of the construction.
5.3 in the construction, should protect the warm who, electrical drainage tubes and reserved hole, avoid collision.
5.4 basis should be placed according to design requirements reserved holes or bolt and embedded parts, in order to avoid the chisel concrete.
5.5 winter construction of concrete surface should be covered insulation materials, prevent concrete seas.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 concrete close-grained, not have honeycomb pitting surface, mainly owing to the bad vibration is not allowed, leakage, mixture of vibration or template to causes such as crack in plasma.
Inaccurate surface uneven, elevation, size: 6.2 because of the level mark line or peg, operation is not seriously leveling, or template support causes such as not firm.
6.3 gap slag: concrete construction joints is bad, have stuff. Is mainly caused by careful cleaning.
6.4 irregular cracks: base is too long and contraction, lower concrete combining with bad, maintenance is not enough, or early to dismantle.
7 quality records
This technology standard should have the following quality records
7.1 cement factory certificate and the reinspection do not coincide.
7.2 template elevation, the axis, the size of the preview.
7.3 structure with concrete should try apps and mix notice issued by the laboratory.
7.4 concrete block 28 d standard compressive strength test report. Commercial concrete shall have the factory certificate.

Indoor fire gases halon fire extinguishing system pipeline and equipment installation

1 scope
The technology standard is applicable to important rooms, libraries, archives and other buildings. Indoor fire USES halon gas fire extinguishing system pipeline and equipment installation works. Halon fire extinguishing agent have the characteristics of non-conductive, no pollution, but only in confined Spaces can achieve good effect.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material equipment requirements:
2.1.1 indoor fire gases (halon fire extinguishing equipment, steel, pipe, pipe fittings, all kinds of valves and accessory products and accessories, shall have the certificate of the factory and product certification. Into the scene, to do inspection before installation and use, the validation work, must comply with the relevant national standard, ministerial standard and fire supervision department regulations and requirements.
2.1.2 according to installation schedule after check in the amount of material, inspection specification, type, size, quality conformed to the drawings requirements.
2.1.2.1 galvanized carbon seamless steel pipe and pipe fittings:
A tube: adopt galvanized carbon seamless steel pipe or thickening galvanized carbon steel pipe, pipe wall inside and outside galvanized evenly, no rust, wall without reinforcement, wall thickness should comply with the design requirements. Choosing pipe, internal pressure should meet the design requirements.
B pipe fittings: the forging steel galvanized inside and outside, the galvanized layer surface evenly, no rust, unbiased clasp, wire, square buckle, wire buckle is not complete, the phenomenon such as Angle is incorrect. Especially the flange to internal and external galvanized, galvanized layer is complete, uniform water line, can not have fracture, the phenomenon such as sticking dirt.
2.1.2.2 non-ferrous metal pipes and pipe fittings: the seamless copper pipe and pipe fittings, pipe wall thickness uniform inside and outside, inside and outside tube skin smooth surface gloss, pipe fittings can not have the thread is not complete, Angle is incorrect, partial clasp, wire, etc.
2.1.2.3 valve: valve after the arrival of the goods, to do sampling test, should be no crack, casting beautiful, inside and outside the rules, flexible switch tightly and handwheel no damage.
2.1.2.4 equipment: halogenated gas cylinders, starting gear box and ancillary equipment and spare parts in the specification, type, size, quality must meet the design requirements, the equipment of spare parts should be complete, the surface neat appearance, no damage. To wear the cap and in the up-right position, impact, careful operation, are not allowed to put in direct sunlight and high temperature, there is danger etc nearby.
2.1.2.5 other materials: steel, round steel, pipe, fittings, pipe clamp, oil, packing, packing, electric welding, anticorrosive coatings shall comply with the design requirements, etc.
2.2 the main equipment:
2.2.1 equipment: sawing machine, sets of machine, bench drill, drill, nail gun, welding machine, air compressor, pipe bender, walkie-talkie, etc.
2.2.2 tools: tongs, pressure case, hand saw, hammer, adjustable tube support; Hacksaw, file, die, wrench, adjustable wrench; Oxygen cylinder, acetylene cylinder, oxygen gauge, pressure gauge, acetylene table, welding torch, cutting torch; The welding wire, electric welding pliers, wire cutting pliers, screwdriver; A hammer and chisel, pipe, etc.
2.2.3 measuring tool: the steel tape, flat feet, Angle square, oil standard caliper, level (level), line drop; White silk or paper, pencil, chalk, pencil, etc.
2.3 operation conditions:
2.3.1 hole, hole, slot, eye, planted all kinds of branch, hanging, card holder and the embedded iron, etc., should be timely cooperation progress to reserve, buries the civil engineering.
2.3.2 main installation: in each layer (section) the top of the main, in each layer (section) structure cap after installation; Located in the main floor, should be in after a layer structure; Located in the main inside condole top, best installed in front of the ceiling.
2.3.3 riser installation: should be performed after the good ground, if you need before apply to installation, must guarantee the accuracy of the horizontal line and ground surface elevation.
2.3.4 branch pipe installation: must be installed in after wiping the wall. Metope does not make plaster, branch pipe shall be carried out in blow be bored with child after installation.
2.3.5 halon gas cylinders, starting gear box should be stabilized after indoor metope, dado is done with fixed.
2.3.6 stent pipeline and equipment should be in place before decorate, steady.
2.3.7 other equipment should be finished inside decorate, after pressure testing, test for installation.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
Installation preparation to the reserved hole, hole, embedded iron pieces, pipes, pipe fittings, count and check equipment and accessories
, hanger production, installation and piping prefabrication to pipe installation, equipment support and installation
Collection of pipe and pipe fittings, selector valve installed to individual and system pressure testing, flushing - equipment, solid cylinders installed -
Assembly equipment accessories and pressure switch to brush oil pipe, nozzle installation and debugging
3.2 installation preparation:
3.2.1 familiar with drawings, carefully understand design intent, construction scheme is determined.
3.2.2 review reserve, buries the location, size, elevation.
3.2.3 position according to draw a line in the division of design drawings, pipe diameter, diameter variation, obligate mouth coordinates, elevation, slope direction and branch, the location of the hanger, a sketch, and will be recorded in the measurement of size; Tied for cross and pay attention to the smallest interval of lined pipe size.
3.2.4 shall be carried out in accordance with the sketch, piping prefabrication, processing after checking the size, number, colors and tidy. According to the requirements, hanging, card, frame installation.
3.2.5 will be shipped to the installation site, prefabricated piping and accessories according to the code in place, clean the pipe bore.
3.3 the reserved hole, hole and embedded iron:
3.3.1 in reinforced concrete floor slab, beam, the reserved hole, hole in the wall, should set up specialized personnel in accordance with the design drawings will be the location of the pipeline and equipment, coordinate, elevation measurement accuracy.
3.3.2 rainfall distribution on 10-12 cooperate the pay-off localization, scaling is high, the size. At the same time to solve the problem of construction of conflicting with related department.
Mark 3.3.3 hole, hole and embedded iron casting parts. To fasten on pre molding box in front of the banding steel, flexible opening box stuffing material. In the process of pouring concrete, should establish professional check and supervision, in order to avoid displacement and displacement, location, size and note the reinspection.
We do in case of shift, dislocation, need to take iron processing, must seek consent of the relevant departments, shall be performed.
3.4 equipment material inventory check:
3.4.1 track according to the requirements of design drawings, before installation, do specification, type, size, quality, etc of inventory verification, ensure the quality of quantity, comply with the design and installation requirements.
3.4.2 of visual is not easy to identify materials (valve) sent sample to laboratory testing.
3.5 a, hanger production installation:
3.5.1 track of bronchitis and hanger production:
Pipes, fittings choose materials shall, in accordance with requirements of the design drawing, the size, type, machining precision and welding shall comply with the design requirements.
The specific method see 1-1.
3.5.2, the installation of the hanger
3.5.2.1 pipe should be in a timely manner, hanger, hanger installation of fixed and adjustment work.
3.5.2.2 installation, the position of the hanger, elevation should be accurate and spacing should be reasonable. Should be in accordance with the requirements of design drawings, the standard rules for installation.
3.5.2.3 pipes are not allowed to displacement, fixed bracket should be set up. Must be installed strictly in the position of design rules, and shall make the pipe firmly fixed on the bracket.
3.5.2.4 embedded inside the wall of the stent, the framework of the welding on the embedded parts, use nail installation bracket, with expansion bolt installation bracket, should be in accordance with design drawings requirements for installation.
3.5.2.5 without hole, hole and embedded parts on concrete members, can choose nail or expansion bolt mounting bracket, but unfavorable installation thrust large fixed bracket.
3.5.2.6 adopting expansion bolt has without drill and drill two kinds, common specifications as M8, M10, M12, etc.
A mounting bracket without drilling bolts, must first hole on the position of the mounting bracket.
B to drill a hole must be vertical component surface. Are equal in the diameter of the hole and casing diameter, depth of casing add 15 mm length. Drill, the debris removal within the hole clean.
C to set on the bolt, casing pipe towards the open end of the tapered tail bolt; Then take the nut on the bolt. Then scored has drilled hole, into the nut contact orifice, tighten the nut with a wrench. With tighten nut, bolt of tapered tail will take open casing tail swelling, make the bolt fastening with casing in hole (figure l - 30).
3.5.2.7 when installing parallel pipeline, should pay attention to standardize pipe spacing arrangement.
3.6 precast processing:
3.6.1 pipe cutting: according to the drawings and the actual measurement of section size, draw sketch, calculating blanking pipe length, according to the sketch on the section after the draw the required block size, make tools at right angles to the pipe axis, cutting the vertical pipe, cannot use the machine tools, etc.
3.6.2 duct incision processing: all the pipeline slit must use file file into a smooth surface, remove the pipe inner and outer edge, burr, etc.
3.6.3 pipe inspection, cleaning, and the protection of the pipe end.
3.6.3.1 duct incision in front of the joint must be cleaning the remnant and pipe in the pipe mouth, both inside and outside of iron filings, etc.
3.6.3.2 is processed or piping job temporarily suspend, must use plug tube end sealing good, does not make the foreign body into the tube and pipe thread outside the mouth.
3.6.3.3 pipe before installation must clean the pipe inside the chamber and the thread outside the mouth.
3.6.4 radar echoes captured the precast processed section with good parts, straightening number into the appropriate position, to be installed.
3.7 pipe installation generally includes ZhuGanGuan, main and branch pipe, branch; Collection tube, pipe run installation. When installation, begin by the main line, other branch can in turn (FIG. L - 31).
3.7.1 main installation:
3.7.1.1 will check the pipeline prefabrication processed according to the loop number, to the installation site, scattered in number order placed in position. To determine the location of the main, elevation, slope, pipe diameter and diameter variation, etc., according to the size of fixed good, hanger.
3.7.1.2 erect pipeline connection pipe and pipe fittings can be on the ground first part assembly, length so that the hoisting is advisable. After lifting, light fell on the branch, hanger, card ring, prevent tumble hurt.
3.7.1.3 adopts welded pipes, pipe fittings, can be after the completion of all assembly, welding, but joint position should be on the ground when the assembly arranged, selecting appropriate place, so that the welding operation.
3.7.1.4 before welding, only by a heating dry electrode can be used (baking oven temperature of 70 ~ 70 ℃, 30 ~ 60 min), according to the moisture of the electrode, electrode cannot use already wet. Pay attention to remove pipe end dirt.
3.7.1.5 welding according to the standard operation. Selected according to different pipe and tube wall thickness of welding rod or solder wire type, diameter and operation posture, and adopt appropriate to welding current, voltage, welding speed (18) in table 1. When using electric welding machine, should consider its polarity according to the welding material conditions.
Current range selection table 1 to 18
Electrode (2.6 3.2 mm) in diameter
Long (350 mm) 350
Next to the 50 ~ 85 (A) 85 ~ 85 (A)
Current range
Set to
On the
3.7.1.6 correctly use groove Angle and pipe and pipe connection, there can be no dislocation welding.
3.7.1.7 in pipe welding parts and inside and outside surface of the tube and flange welding positions, coating and pipeline antiseptic agent with the same material.
3.7.1.8 using threaded pipe, pipe fittings, after hanging on, hanger, threaded connection packing, should use the teflon tape sealed good performance, avoid by all means cannot use high-pressure rubber mat, because rubber mat is easy to expand, lead to air leakage. Don't do packing with linen yarn. To tighten the pipeline after ready.
3.7.1.9 main after installation, but also correct the straightening, looking over the pipe, the pipe should be on a straight line. Use level in the section on the reinspection, prevent local section has a "droop" or "hog ° wait for a phenomenon.
3.7.2, branch pipe installation:
3.7.2.1 after installation can be ready to install the main riser, first check the layers of the reserved hole, hole whether appropriate, vertical pipe in place, in the intended location, two nozzle alignment, thread object hanging on the riser a certain height, find straight, alignment, and solid solder joint use of electricity, after review, before welding.
3.7.2.2 riser installed, ready to install branch, the branch general rows, when installed on the wall popup line of position, to ensure the quality of installation.
3.7.3 pipeline in paragraphs local installed, should be in joint and joints do anticorrosive processing, make its practice accord with drawings requirements. Pay attention to section after the test, the acceptance formalities in time. Then in the installation of next working procedure.
3.7.4 copper pipe installation:
3.7.4.1 expansion joint is used to connect piping.
3.7.4.2 flaring nut into the copper pipe, tube expanding tool and then use expansion pipe, tube expanding tool application specified expansion tube, can not use other methods of expanding tube.
3.7.4.3 using a special wrench, tighten the flaring nut can't use adjustable wrench, etc.
3.7.5 pipeline protection after installation and maintenance:
3.7.5.1 buried within the concrete wall of pipeline, must according to the design requirements for construction, must be in places of asphalt yellow linen, polyethylene tape or similar products.
3.7.5.2 in fire area, pipeline through the gap should be filled in by incombustible material, and considering the necessary scale, fully filled.
3.8 equipment support installation
3.8.1, according to requirements of the design drawings for equipment support assembly, assembly note according to drawings are numbered sequentially for installation, after installation should be correct.
3.8.2 parts assembly supporting the use of attachment should be bolted, nut, washer, u-shaped card, etc., be careful not to assemble, exposed it is advisable to 1/2 the diameter of the bolt length for it.
Finish 3.8.3 storage container holder assembly, after review as to meet the requirements of design drawings, with 4 bolts fixed on the ground of storage container room (FIG. L - 32).
3.9.1.4 connection hose with steel wire woven. Check valve can prevent fire pipeline solvent backflow. Multiple storage container system of container valve and the manifold connection hose and check valve, hose can adjust the installation error, reduce the impact of the spray when.
3.9.2 selector valve installation:
3.9.2.1 selector valve in manual open upper lever, installed in the position of easy operated by hand.
3.9.2.2 generally choose valve as flange connection, should make the flange bolt hole and horizontal or vertical axis symmetric distribution. Diagonal screw fixation when installing bolts. Packing of heat-resisting asbestos "O ° figure. After installation with square and feeler to check the verticality and clearance values.
3.9.2.3 selector valve normally closed, when a protective area fire extinguishing controller spray instruction, the selector valve to the region's open at this time, to the instruction of spray fire area.
3.10 pipe individual and system pressure testing:
3.10.1 pipeline delivery before use after installation, must carry out the following work:
Hydrostatic test for 3.10.1.1 system, before water pressure test, high pressure and low pressure pipe of the section and system should not be separated from the test equipment connection. And adding to the position of the desired blind plate, do mark, record. The valve should be open in the system. In general system hydrostatic test at 1.5 times of working pressure. Under the testing pressure maintain 10 min, and then fell to pressure of work, check the system line, no leakage phenomenon for qualified.
3.10.1.2 system after water pressure test, to have a purging in pipeline system. Purging work process is commonly used in gas compressor in the plant. Purging in each outlet placed white cloth or paper board examination, must not have rust, iron filings, dust, moisture and other dirt. After purging qualified, should be put on the joint parts.
3.10.1.3 system after a purge piping, with nitrogen gas blowing off first test, the pressure to 1 mpa, brush with soap and water leak detection joint, and to observe the pressure gauge 10 min for qualified. Then in charge of the section of the test, choose by 1301 containers exported to valve test pressure is 5.9 MPa. From the selector valve to the nozzle (blind with temporary plugging) elbow test pressure is 4.62 MPa. Two pieces of test pressure time for 5 min, respectively, to not qualified. The acceptance formalities in time (when the design without rules, 1301 gas testing on this basis).
3.10.1.4 when using nitrogen or halogenated gas pipeline system pressure test (including the discharge test), should be monitored by the fire department, construction units, design units, construction units together and go through the formalities of acceptance.
3.11 after the pressure test, pipeline flushing work, can be carried out on pipe by flushing, until meet the design requirements for qualified.
3.12 devices. Storage container according to the serial number of the design requirements, the order of the solid (FIG. 1-32). Don't notice when installation chassis bent prolapse, anchor bolt tighten-up container framework, put the storage container within the framework of the container, and container hoop fixed.
3.13 assembly equipment accessories and pressure switch. Will first starter box fixed on the frame and screw down the bolt, check after the integrity, the small bottle nitrogen cylinders (starting) stabilizing iron set in a box, and then fixed the correct position on the casing pressure switch (FIG. 1-34).
3.14 pipeline and equipment after the installation, according to the requirements of design, to brush oil pipeline and equipment; Brush oil pipeline and equipment should do when surface clean, no rust, oil, dirt and other defects.
3.15 the nozzle. When installation should be in accordance with the requirements of design drawings, accordingly, may not be any change, wrong. Lest affect installation quality.
3.15.1 nozzle cover installation: small trumpet shape, commonly used this mask is used on the nozzle orifice clogging.
3.15.2 is threaded connection methods, filled with teflon tape.
3.16 debugging. Debugging before the check of the whole system, to all qualified after before debugging, debugging when pressure slowly appreciation, pay attention to check whether there is leakage in the system, after being qualified, will indoor smoke out clean, to prevent pollution.
4 quality standards
4.1 ensure projects:
4.4.1 in pipeline pressure test system, test results, must comply with the design requirements.
Inspection method: check or partition system (period) test record.
4.1.2 pipe slope must comply with the design requirements.
Testing method: use level (level), stay, and feet quantity check or check measurement record.
4.1.3 welder, welding of high pressure pipe must be approved by the examination of qualified, can weld.
Inspection method: inspect welder certificate (city labor bureau pressure vessel inspection certificate)
4.2 the basic items:
2 galvanized carbon steel pipe of threaded connection shall meet the following requirements:
Thread clean, neat, no broken wires; Galvanized carbon steel pipe and pipe fittings galvanized layer without damage, thread showing a good corrosion resistance; Interface exposed defects such as teflon tape.
The method of examination: observation or collapse.
4.2.2 galvanized carbon seamless steel pipe welding shall meet the following requirements:
4.2.2.1 halon gas using galvanized carbon seamless steel pipe welding, must comply with the design requirements, in accordance with regulations of the design before welding, after welding should make special coating anticorrosive processing.
4.2.2.2 joint width, thickness, straightness and reinforcement of weld surface must conform to the norms of construction, The surface wave of uniform, welding nodular, defects such as slag inclusion and porosity.
Inspection methods: observation or check with the welding test ruler.
Holdings of galvanized flange connection shall meet the following requirements:
Docking parallel, close together, with the center line of the vertical pipe, the screw with nut; Liner material must comply with the design requirements and unique layer. But should pay attention to the overall length of the screw with nut should be consistent, and no more than 1/2 screw diameter.
Inspection method: to observe the examination.
4.2.4 pipe, the installation of the hanger shall meet the following requirements:
Correct and reasonable structure, buried a right and firm, neat rows, bronchitis and hanger should be closely contact with pipe equipment.
The method of examination: observation or using a wrench.
4.2.5 valve installation shall meet the following requirements:
Type, specification, compression strength and leak test results should comply with the design requirements; The inlet and outlet of the location, elevation, in the right direction; Connection is strong, tight, opening and closing flexible, towards reasonable, surface clean.
Inspection method: arbor inspection and check the factory certificate, test list.
4.2.6 equipment, nozzle and nozzle cover installation shall meet the following requirements:
Specifications, model should comply with the design requirements; Location, elevation, reasonable directions; Connection is strong, the surface clean.
Inspection method: stay, alignment, feet quantity check; Check the factory certificate of equipment and the nozzle.
4.2.7 piping, box, stent coating shall meet the following requirements:
Types and besmear to brush paint, color should comply with the design requirements; Good adhesion, without peeling, blister and the coating; Film thickness uniformity, colour and lustre is consistent, no flow and pollution phenomenon.
Inspection method: to observe the examination.
4.3 allowable deviation project (table 1-19).
Piping installation allowable deviation table 1-19
Will project allowable deviation check method (mm)
1 take the 10 level (level)
2 the plus or minus 10 ruler arrows and feet high quantity to check
0.5 diameter 100 mm or less
Horizontal and longitudinal every 1 m diameter > 100 mm with level ruler
Three horizontal direction over bending diameter 100 mm or less ≯ 13 arrows and quantity check
(more than 25 m) diameter > 100 mm ≯ 15
2 per 1 m messenger wire and feet quantity check
The perpendicularity of the riser length (more than 5 m) ≯ 10 messenger wire and feet quantity check
Bending of ellipticity mouth mouth Max - min 10/100 diameter 100 mm or less
Nozzle Max diameter > 100 mm 8/100 quantity check with outside calipers and ruler
5 finished product protection
5.1 prefabrication good dry, vertical, branch pipe, emissions separately according to the number on the flat ground, and water cushion is good, are not allowed to fill the small tube pieces, fight pedal and hit.
5.2 after the threaded connection pipe, pay attention to protect the pipe thread. Installed pipe racks shall not do, wearing a seatbelt, scaffolding, more shall be stamped on.
5.3 installed before rendering, spraying pipe and equipment should be properly handle, to avoid the pollution.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 galvanized carbon steel galvanized layer are destroyed. Can not prevent stress and tongs day long disrepair card pipe, the pipe under pressure.
6.2 the welding line offset, wrong. Before the installation technical level is not enough or welding spot welding welding.
6.3 electrode welding peel off. Electrode is not allowed in a damp place. Electrode should be dried before use.
6.4 teflon tape exposed cleaning not net, wire head exposed for too long. Cleaning is not careful, thread is too tight.
6.5, hanger production slanting, twist and the size is not allowed. The reason is, hanger production when the ground not level off, familiar with the drawing is not enough, the accuracy requirement is lax. Should pay attention to the quality inspection to check and accept.
7 should possess the quality of the record
7.1 should have the material equipment factory certificate, the manufacturer production license and statutory testing unit test report.
7.2 material site acceptance records of the equipment.
7.3 main fire extinguishing system engineering records.
7.4 fire gas fire extinguishing system, branch pipe and nozzle preview records.
7.5 hidden fire extinguishing pipe inspection records.
7.6 single fire extinguishing pipe pressure test records.
7.7 fire extinguishing pipeline system pressure test record.
7.8 Fire purge gas extinguishing pipeline system in.
7.9 spray fire gas pipeline system debugging record.

Spraying, roller coating, coating construction technology

1 scope
The technology standard is applicable to general industrial and civil construction the metope of spraying, roller coating, coating construction.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material and main equipments:
2.1.1 cement: no. 325 and more than ordinary cement, slag cement, ash cement. Cement should be used in a project with a batch of products, and should keep at a time. White cement should be selected according to the design requirements.
2.1.2 fine aggregate: adopt all sorts of small scraps of eight mile, particle size of about 2 mm in dolomite crumbs, rosin stone chips, etc.; Also can be used in the coarse sand and silt content should be not greater than 3%.
2.1.3 pigment: should choose light resistance, good alkali resistance paint, such as iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, groups such as green, ochre, a pigment used in the project should use the same manufacturer, the same brand, the same batch production of products, and should keep at a time.
2.1.4 107 glue: 10% ~ 12% solid content, pH 7 ~ 8, relative density 1.05; Organic silicon: 30% solid content, pH 13, relative density 1.23.
2.1.5 wooden frame: according to the width of the design requirements, arrange for backup.
2.1.6 cambric, black tape: according to the need to prepare.
2.1.7 major equipment: should be equipped with small mechanical stirring barrels, air compressor 1 ~ 2 sets (0.6 m3 / mm, displacement pressure of 60 ~ 80 n/cm3), pressure hose (available 3/8 "oxygen tubes), joint, spray pipe, tank and pressure grouting, 3 mm sieve, slurry hose, hose connectors, the spray gun.
Roller coating used in all kinds of decorative pattern of the rubber roll, loose scraper.
The mud used in playing the TuQi. And screens, VAT, grey spoon, measuring scales, wood float, iron float, chalk line package, frame, cloth, and black tape, wood by feet, feet, big bar, water brush, combination brush pen, etc.
2.2 operation conditions:
2.2.1 doors and Windows must be installed according to the designed position and elevation in advance, and check whether the installation is firm, the cracks around the hole wall is in line with the requirements.
2.2.2 metope and waterproof node should be processed at the grass-roots level, complete the storm sewer pipelines, equipment capacity wall embedded installation work, and the mouth of the cave with cement mortar screeding, windowsill, dry.
2.2.3 scaffold had better choose double exclusive shelves, hanging basket or activity, metope can not leave a foot hand-eye; Scaffolding poling is apart from wall not less than 50 cm, from wooden wall not less than 20 cm, scaffolding step higher and exterior frame of the best suitable height.
2.2.4 according to corresponding mechanical construction need ready in advance, and in advance of commissioning power supply is connected.
Spraying with the air compressor (2) 0.6 m3 / mm, 3 mm sieve, a spray coating with two fights, high pressure trachea several meters.
The mud with cylindrical shells TuQi, according to the need to prepare several machines, high pressure trachea several meters.
Several roller roller coating.
2.2.5 spray, roll in advance according to the requirement of design, the example of the mud, and the appraisal should comply with the requirements.
2.2.6 ahead of time do not spray, do not play parts of a block, and should be ready to cover more boards. Set aside.
2.2.7 operation temperature is not lower than + 5 ℃ of the construction site.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
Metope processing at the grass-roots level to play lines, frame, the article stick - mixing layer material - spraying (roller coating, coating) - >
The article divided the to tick off seam, curing
3.2 basic level processing: precast concrete external wall plate for grassroots, prior to its lack of edge horn of floor uneven brush water wet, the mend brush water blending 10% heavier 107 rubber cement, then wipe induce wipe flat 1:3 cement mortar, waterproof and the seam. Tank after serious processing, get wet in the rain test, no leakage before the next working procedure.
For brick and aerated concrete wall at the grass-roots level, the grassroots of cast-in-situ concrete wall plastering, should be executed according to the outer wall plastering cement mortar process. It is should pay attention to the following:
3.2.1 mortar surface elevation of the bottom control: with the underlying mortar, leave the surface should be 12 mm thickness, by considering surface plastering cement mortar, 8 mm thick, spray, roll, play 2 ~ 4 mm thick.
3.2.2 surface coating is different, have different requirement about the quality of the cement mortar layer.
3.2.2.1 spraying: cement mortar big bar, leveling wood float rub flat, surface without holes, sand holes, color uniform on the surface, no scratches.
3.2.2.2 roller coating, the mud: cement mortar for big bar, leveling surface without holes, wood float rub flat, light iron float voltage, after being no MingShui, with a soft brush dips in water straight down, brush again, requirements on the surface of the same color, no lines, brush grain is consistent.
3.2.2.3 frame according to your drawings, lines, and on the basis of nuiko frame width and depth chose, stick a position to give an accurate, horizontal rows.
3.2.2.4 spray, roll, mud by construction, should be don't need the part of the application of good shade, prevent the pollution.
3.2.2.5 construction method, it is best to first base, by covered with cement mortar, and with the wipe with maintenance, falling with the shelves, and keeps on it, will again rise, shelf from the top to spray coating, rolling, playing under construction, in order to make sure the color of the coating.
3.3 material:
3.3.1 will cement the sifted, bagging and set aside.
3.3.2 rainfall distribution on 10-12 stone chips (or medium and coarse sand), paint a wire netting screen respectively, stone chips for larger particles, should be 3 mm screen, and then respectively according to the heavyweight match, bagging for standby.
3.3.3 according to the proportion of the ingredients, have the specialist is responsible for the control.
3.4 surface:
3.4.1 track spraying layer:
3.4.1.1 mixing mortar: use a small mechanical mixing barrel, according to the requirements of the coating increases with the increasing mix with cement mortar. To cement and stone chips (or sand) press 1:2 (volume ratio) dry mix evenly, add water 10% of the 107 glue solution mixing evenly, make its consistency of 11 cm, and mixed with cement in mortar to the weight of 0.3% of calcium powder, mixing evenly, repeatedly color should be in accordance with the sample preparation.
3.4.1.2 reserve according to the original frame of the location, the original article frame again.
3.4.1.3 spraying: hot, dry season, sprinkling water should be wet before spraying, start the air compressor, check the high pressure gas pipelines leakage, and its pressure stable at about 0.6 MPa. Spraying, the spray gun nozzle should be perpendicular to the wall, and leave the metope of 30 to 50 cm, infuse slurry spray pipe and start the trachea switch, the slurry with high pressure air injection to the wall. If spraying pressure have change, can be appropriately adjust the distance between the nozzle and metope. Granular spraying generally twice survival, for the first time uniform spray, thickness in 1.5 mm or so, the l ~ 2 h to spray on the second time, and make it spray. For spraying color is consistent, uniform particles, not out of pulp, thickness, total thickness control in 3 ~ 4 mm.
Spend wavy spraying and spraying: general control three times. First pass at the grass-roots level becomes angry, don't too thick coating, such as wall, can be after spraying coating with wood float rub flat, heavy spray; Second time spray to the bottom cover, pulp flow; Pulp out third time sprayed to the surface, the surface of the wavy, mortar full, do not flow, color is consistent, the total thickness of 3 ~ 4 mm.
Take the coating is in wave coating on the surface of stay after the dry, spray a spend according to design requirements, in order to increase the surface texture.
3.4.1.4 article up, repair, tick off seam: spray after the article will be divided up out in time, and will be clean, seam jointing according to the design requirement.
Spray 3.4.1.5 organic silicon: survival after 24 h, spray evenly on the surface of a layer of organic silicon agent, spray evenly, not flowing.
3.4.2 roller coating layer:
3.4.2.1 material mixing: roller coating mortar mixing ratio is 1:1:0.2, commonly known as: arenaceous = 1:1 volume ratio, cement and mixed with cement weighs 20% of 107. Particular way is: going yarn tension screen, sand and cement according to the volume 1:1 match well, dry mix evenly, and then use water aqueous solution of 20% of the 107 glue mixing, consistency is like sesame paste, pull the hair to flow, falling advisable, mixing good polymer cement mortar, should be used after vibrating screen.
3.4.2.2 sticky frame: according to the original render leave a position, to stick good article frame.
3.4.2.3 roll: roll should grasp at the bottom of the dry humidity, water absorption faster should be appropriately when adding water wet, water quantity with roller coating without flowing advisable, two people cooperation during operation, a person will be mixed in advance before thin mortar again, then wipe with a thin layer, use iron float slicked down, uniform coating thickness; Another man followed with roll roll, otherwise couldn't pull the wool to after dry, when the roll running too fast, and the strength should be consistent, survival when the roll should be down, to get out of the decorative pattern of natural down to the water waves, in order to reduce dust wall area.
3.4.2.4 article, tick off seam: roller coating finish the article frame, if you want to do Yang Angle, should be carried out in a large area after the live.
3.4.2.5 spray silicone to add water: 500 g organic silicon with 4500 g water mixing evenly, room temperature 24 h after injection of organic silicon roller coating, spray quantity depends on its surface humidity, if it rains within 24 h after injection, wash it will surface, reach due effect, must be heavy.
Rule 3.4.3 bomb overlay:
3.4.3.1 with bottom paste (weight ratio) : ordinary cement, 100, 20, 90107 glue water paint with model; 13, white cement, 100, 80107 glue water paint with the template.
3.4.3.2 color matching point pulp (weight ratio) : cement, 100, 40, 107 glue, paint with the sample, according to the above mixture ratio, mix paint and glue mix, pour cement, mix into a slurry.
3.4.3.3 article stick divided according to the requirements of design.
3.4.3.4 brush bottom paste: paste brush will have good bottom to cement mortar on the surface has been prepared in construction of large area can use spray coating, spray evenly so far.
3.4.3.5 play take pulp: will have matched with good color slurry injection cylinder elastic device, then turn the elastic flat handle and the color points pulp jilt the paste; Spring color paste, should be according to the different load respectively different elastic device, each operating a cone, flow process, namely the first person to play the first paste, another man then to play another kind of paste. Color points to play even, foil consistent with each other, play granular paste point should approximate circle.
3.5 winter construction: in the early winter period construction, should not be cold phase construction.
3.5.1 track of winter should use hot water mixing, plastering mortar and insulation measures, not straight when daub mortar temperature below + 5 ℃.
3.5.2 early hardened mortar plastering layer may not be cold, spray coating, rolling, playing before hardening should not be cold.
3.5.3 air temperature is below 5 ℃, outdoor plaster mortar can be added to reduce the freezing temperature of salt and calcium chloride, its content is determined by the design. Surface spray, rolling, playing, additive dosage and varieties should be determined based on the test.
3.5.4 with freezing method of masonry walls, outdoor rendering should be to defrost completely before rendering them, may not be washed with hot water freezing wall, or eliminate the frost on the wall with hot water.
2.6.2 early seas, to prevent the ash layer plastering mortar shall not be mixed with white plaster, to increase the workability of mortar, the volume can be used with the fly ash to replace.
4 quality standards
4.1 ensure project: varieties, the quality of materials must comply with the design requirements; Between various plaster and plaster between layer and the substrate must be bonded firmly, no delaminating, empty drum and cracks and other defects.
4.2 the basic items:
2 spraying, roller coating, elastic coating, surface consistent color decorative pattern, color dot size uniform, if not explicitly, no coating, gone and leakage flow.
Article 4.2.2 frame (seam) uniform, width and depth of the article (seam) level off is smooth, the edges tidy, horizontal flat vertical and smooth.
Holdings of the water slope to the right, drip line straight, throating depth and width are not less than 10 mm, and uniformity.
4.3 allowable deviation project, see table 9-9.
Spraying, roller coating, mud by allowable deviation table 9-9
Will project allowable deviation check method (mm)
1 vertical facade 5 2 m line board check
Surface is flat and level 4 2 m by feet and wedge feeler check
Three Yin and Yang Angle vertical 4 2 m line board check
4 4 20 cm square chi Yin and Yang Angle founder and wedge feeler check
Article 5 divisions (joint) straight line 3, 5 m, less than 5 m on line inspection
5 finished product protection
5.1 before construction should be spray, roll, will not play with the doors and Windows and wall protection cover.
5.2 spray, roll, after completion of the mud, with boards will mouth, Angle to safeguard, in time to prevent the damage of collision.
5.3 open shelf fight touch damage of wall surface coating.
5.4 oil engineering construction, it is strictly prohibited to stamped on has finished construction site, and prevent the tank knocked off, metope paint pollution.
5.5 interior construction, to prevent pollution of the spray, rolling, coating surface layer.
5.6 the balcony, rain cover outlet as appropriate USES rigid plastic pipe buried, best don't iron pipe, prevent rusting on the surface of the.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 uneven color, secondary repair if obvious: the main reason is that of master, mixed charging uneven; Spray, rolling, playing technique is differ, or different coating thickness; Adopt single exclusive frame construction, along with the open shelves, along with the foundation hand-eye, fill with plaster, with spray, rolling, playing, live with the original floated coat for repair after ash water cut is differ, if obvious surface caused by secondary repair. Solution: shall master the mixture ratio, reasonable ingredients, measurement accuracy; Spray, rolling, playing surface appoint someone who's in charge of construction, construction technique, the surface thickness is consistent; Use of such methods of construction, it is forbidden to use single xenophobic shelf; If use double exclusive frame construction, also to ban to the strut by pressure on the wall, so as not to cause secondary repair, ash layer effect the beauty of the coating.
6.2 spray, roll, the surface of the empty drum and fracture: the main reason is that the underlying plaster no points, according to the requirement of cement mortar area is too large, drying shrinkage is different, can form an empty drum and cracking. Crack and surface cracking at the bottom of the empty, therefore, should render ash points according to the requirement of the drawings, in order to solve grey layer shrinkage crack.
6.3 bottom ash was uneven, or with obvious grain: mainly because spray, rolling, coating is thinner, the bottom ash headaches, want to through is cannot cover the cover to cover. Bottom ash is required after the good, should be to check for acceptance by the standard of cement mortar plaster jiaoyan, otherwise, the coating surface coating can't.
6.4 surface after if obvious: the main reason is that road surface construction article set will be if the son in the compartment or inconspicuous place, but the unplanned disorderly jilt if, if the obvious surface coating. Solution: to jilt if among construction, must take if the son to frame joint, expansion joint, or after tube inconspicuous place, it is strictly prohibited to jilt to rub in the piece; In construction of secondary pick if pay attention to the coating thickness, avoid coating overlap, form a two-tone.
6.5 construction when the color is very good, band polluted: causes the coating color is bad, the wind, rain, sun color change, make a stern test for severe pollution, not ShouKan. Solution: use ultraviolet resistance, anti-aging, light resistance of paint, construction, strictly control the adding water. Midway can't just add water, in order to make sure the same color; In order to prevent the pollution of the surface, in 24 h after injection silicone coating finish. And pay attention to the organic silicon coating thickness is consistent, prevent flowing or too thick, form sense.
7 quality records
This technology standard should have the following quality records:
7.1 the material of raw material certificate and test report.
7.2 the cement factory.
7.3 additional materials such as adhesives, admixture factory certificate.
7.4 quality inspection records.

Steel structure fire retardant coating process

1 scope
This technology standard it is suitable for thick film type steel structure fire-retardant coating spraying process of construction.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material and main equipments:
2.1.1 fire-retardant coating: to use by the competent departments, and approved by the local fire department product. * * building use ST1 - such as A fire retardant coating, by the ministry of public security of sichuan fire research institute of identification, and approved by the Beijing municipal fire bureau, check the documents of approval before use, and A batch of inspection factory certificate for 100 t. Technical performance shall meet the provisions of the relevant standards;
2.1.1.1 fire test by the fire department once every 1000 t field sampling, send national center for fire-resistant components of quality supervision, inspection and its fireproof limit should meet the design requirements.
2.1.1.2 bond strength and compressive strength once every 500 t sampling, send the national chemical building materials test center testing, the bond strength and compressive strength should be greater than the provisions of the technical indicators.
Site pile location should be dry and ventilated, moistureproof, found agglomerate metamorphic shall not be used.
2.1.2 high strength adhesive and steel antigum matching supply by manufacturer, according to the instruction to use.
2.1.3 wire mesh, steel mesh card, plastic sheeting, etc.
2.1.4 major equipment: mixer, mortar pump, steel mesh scissors, shovels, trolleys, measuring containers, belt scale steel, steel rule, etc.
2.2 operation conditions:
2.2.1 shall be made by the approved construction unit responsible for construction, inspection qualification approval documents.
2.2.2 basic level processing, thoroughly remove dirt, rust, oil on the surface of the steel members.
2.2.3 clash of steel component or leak brush should fill brush anti-rust paint twice, JingJian inspection transmitter allows spraying.
2.2.4 before spraying the operation site is clean, near the door window, partition wall etc, trying to protect with plastic sheeting.
2.2.5 fixed wire mesh: according to the shape of shear steel mesh, reinforced with phi 6 card is fixed on the steel members, wire mesh and steel members with 5 ~ 10 mm gap.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
Job set - ingredients, mixing and spraying fire retardant coating - check acceptance
3.2 fire-retardant coating ingredients, mixing: powder coating should be along with it. ST1 - type A mixture ratio (table 5-27) as follows:
Table 5-27
The dosage of spraying layer construction mixture ratio per m2
1
Anti inflammatory coating steel: high strength adhesive: antigum: water = 1:0.05:0.17:0.17
2 ~ 3: fire retardant coating of steel antigum: water = 1:0.17:0.85
Stir the paint first into the mixer mixing water after 2 min, adding adhesive and steel antigum fully mixing 5 ~ 5 min, makes the consistency degree can be sprayed.
Spraying 3.3:
3.3.1 thickness of general design requirements for the fire test reached 1.2 times the thickness of the refractory limit, refractory limit for 2 h beam, column, 3 h, its design thickness of 30 mm beam, column, 35 m. The first layer 1 cm thick, dry spray on the second layer 7 ~ eighty percent, the second layer thickness 1 ~ l. 2 cm advisable, spray dry again after 7 ~ eighty percent in the third layer, the third layer to achieve the required thickness.
3.3.2 rainfall distribution on 10-12 spray gun to perpendicular to be sprayed steel members, from 6 to 10 cm, spraying pressure should be 0.4 ~ 0.6 MPa, after the injection of self-inspection, part thickness is not enough to fill spray again.
3.3.3 official spraying, spraying test of a construction zone (above), after the fire department, pertaining to qualified to large-scale operations.
3.3.4 construction when the environment temperature is lower than + 5 ℃ shall not, should be taken to the peripheral closed, heating measures, construction before and after 48 h + 5 ℃ or more advisable.
3.4 check acceptance: after spraying a construction layer through self-inspection, construction records shall be communicated to the contractor, by the contractor and subcontractor (supervision), party a three-way joint inspections. Re-jet with a scale thickness, thickness found enough to spray or shoveling spray. With a hammer percussion hollowing inspection found empty drum should be spray. After passing the concealed engineering acceptance formalities.
4 quality standards
4.1 ensure projects:
4.4.1 varieties and technical performance of fire retardant coating should comply with the design and the requirements of the relevant standards, check the production license, quality certificate and test report.
4.1.2 bonding between coating and base and each layer is firm, do not empty drum, don't fall off.
4.2 the basic items:
2 look smooth, uniform, corner, alien artifacts and tight junction detail.
4.2.2 coating thickness
4.2.2.1 coating thickness conform to the design thickness is good.
4.2.2.2 coating thickness within 5 m length is less than the length of the design requirements is not greater than 1 m, and 85% of the thickness of coating thickness is not less than the design requirements for qualified.
Holdings coating surface crack:
4.2.3.1 surface have no obvious crack and the crack width is less than 0.5 mm is fine.
4.2.3.2 surface crack width is not more than 1 mm is qualified.
4.3 allowable deviation project, are shown in table 5-28.
Table 5-28
Top eye deviation (mm) allowed check method
Surface roughness (generatrix straightness and roundness) 8 in 1 m ruler and check with the steel rule, roundness with templates and steel rule checks
5 finished product protection
5.1 to prevent collision damage: after hardening of fire retardant coating strength is still not high, easy collision parts should be temporary protection construction, and reduce the damage.
Of semi-finished products ready before 5.2 pollution prevention: spray protection, especially near the spray parts with plastic cloth.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 empty drum: first mixture ratio should be controlled strictly, grassroots clean processing is the key, and pay attention to the batch raw material sampling bond strength.
6.2 crack: environmental temperature and humidity should be appropriate, layered spraying ventilation drying time to master well.
Uneven thickness of 6.3: components and surface vertical spraying nozzle Angle, distance is appropriate, the layers of spray is due and certain time interval, not to tight.
7 quality records
This technology standard should have the following quality records:
7.1 fire protection coating material quality certificate and test report.
7.2 concealed engineering acceptance records.
7.3 coating testing data.
7.4 kinds of construction quality test evaluation.
7.5 design change, regarding the record.

Decorate completely manual--FAQ

1. The "black" in China is marble, hearth side can do?
A: the Chinese black is not marble, it belongs to the granite, can be a kitchen surfaces.
2. My toilet water pipe to pipe undercut, construction units that use certificate lu: su mind, green non-toxic, life than galvanized pipe length, and because they don't rust, so there will be no second pollution of water quality, there is now fully replace galvanized trend of management system; Supervision, said lu: su than galvanized pipe, pipe wall strength by every 1.2 mm will need to set up a joint, with normal galvanized pipe. Who am I supposed to adopt the plan? In addition, the construction unit of the contractor the price of the package material is galvanized pipe branch of 40 yuan/m, certificate of aluminum-plastic pipe branch of 80 yuan/m, the price of the double difference, because lu: su GuanGui. But the supervision said actually aluminum-plastic pipe and galvanized pipe price is almost. Who is right?
Answer: (1) aluminum composite pipe wall strength has meet this need, who don't need to ignore strong who is weak.
(2) pipe often contains the trachoma, because have a burst pipe hidden trouble, so builders installed galvanized iron pipe generally can't branch pipe. If you adopt the practice of drainage tubes with no galvanized iron pipe, it is a kind of risky behaviour.
(3) every 1.2 m of a joint approach is a stupid act. Joint, the more the greater the hidden trouble! So unless need length is not enough connection or turn, otherwise the resolute don't have to take more connectors.
(4) the aluminum-plastic tubes and galvanized iron pipe price difference is very big, the price of the pipe section difference double price is possible, just a single joint 5 times. But aluminum-plastic tubes can offer is appropriate to drop points.

3. I'm not going to seal the balcony, sitting room and balcony is between real estate developers with good plastic sliding door, hall to spread a real wood floor, do you want to do waterproof, please? How to do better?
Answer: need to do is waterproof, and be sure to sitting room than a balcony above more than 30 mm, separated place can do waterproof with granite.
4. Can you tell me how high do general platform?
A: it is advisable to 50 ~ 150 mm from the ground, the height difference of platform to calculate by the difference between the two ground.
5. Can you tell me how complex compound wood floor is to hit a small pit?
Answer: hopeless, compound wood floor repair.
6. Can you tell me what is benzene version? Light steel structure of gypsum and benzene board insulation wall structure has a characteristic?
A: benzene board, scientific name called (double) steel wire rack of polystyrene, as well as building materials and decoration materials, commonly used in partition wall. Between them into a foam board, the two sides are barbed wire grid. (1) after the installation, light steel cast structure direct group of grey; Benzene board need more after the installation of a layer of cement group of very hot, and then group of ash. (2) the surface of the light steel structure of gypsum plasterboard, juncture place mishandling cracking; Benzene board with cement, generally difficult to crack. (3) light steel structure of gypsum construction fast, out-of-the-box; Benzene board needs certain procedure and time. (4) the middle of the light steel gypsum is sound insulation cotton; The middle of the benzene board is a bubble. (5) both belong to the lightweight materials, the former if equipped with sound insulation cotton effect is better than the latter, such as the former no sound insulation cotton is inferior to the latter.
7. I am using is Shanghai huanya BaLao floor, lay good for half a month, also did not paint, near the balcony floor seam is the most great in 1.5 mm, other parts can also be. Could you tell me my floor seam normal?
A: the seam slightly larger, theory of aperture in 0.5 ~ 0.8 mm is better, too small too bad mostly.
8. I need to do two partition in the room, for sound insulation effect is good, don't know how to do it, is to use floor slab or use plasterboard, whether to add insulation board to use?
Answer: can use the light steel keel gypsum board, with sound insulation cotton.
9. Meet again, and packaging company, yesterday saw they make out a bunch of list, scalp pins and needles. Pick your own first think of the more important the line that play a base, doors and Windows looked at. They are three splint use density board top cover add solid wood line, why not just use solid wood and solid wood line that play a base? They say it is easy to deformation. Is this true?
A: the installation of real wood is not very good, because it doesn't floor and metope fixed is bad, is easy to deformation. Plywood is quite strong, not easy to deformation.
10. Could you tell me the door of white and yellow floor, kicking with what color? And door cover with white, still and with yellow?
Answer: use white.
11. Gas is not allowed to close the gas company requirements, consult any good treatment method?
Answer: in shenzhen, you can use shutter doors closed, as long as to ensure the timely send out when the gas leak. Because the gas accumulation in flame will explode.
12. These days, my family do toilet decorate, have a little trouble. Originally planned to use plastic door, but a good material to every square metre 1000 yuan, a total of about 3000 yuan, is too luxury. 300 yuan/m squared, some local companies do, poor hardware accessories, I don't know to do? Can you recommend good quality, moderate price of products. In addition, advised me to do to change at this time of decorating a wooden door, he said that as long as 1100 yuan, give me the best import material. I want to consult, toilet use wooden door, moistureproof and how to do?
A: in fact can completely with thick PVC door, a door or window frame is 300 yuan, as long as it is thick PVC, general is not easy to deformation. Of course, there are a thin PVC door, just 100 yuan, is easy to deformation and damage.
13. Around the shop to decorate material market, look for some famous and less famous brands of ceramic tile, price difference is too big. Such as a well-known brand of at least 90, 90 yuan, and less famous brand offer is 30, 40 yuan. I carefully looked at peace straight degree of colour and lustre, feel is good, really don't understand why the price difference so far?
Answer: the price of is various, including manufacturing costs, administrative expenses, sales, profit, distribution, advertising spending high into aspects. Price is a performance than the reference factors, but it is not an absolute factors.
14. Can you tell me the wooden door sets of toilet and kitchen can pack? Will not be affected with damp be affected with damp deformation?
Answer: if the shower parts do not isolation, cover the lower part of the wooden door will be affected with damp be affected with damp mildewy. The remedy is lower with metal. You can refer to all the practices of McDonald's.
15. I heard that, lacquer solvent evaporating faster, besmear to brush lacquer wood in place after a period of time is seldom produce harmful gases, but lacquer after irradiation by uv (sunlight) easy to generate tiny cracks, isn't it?
A: no. Generally as long as according to the standard construction, lacquer is a good choice, because it won't turn yellow. Of course, if the sun for a long time, no matter what kind of paint can crack.
16. Seamless ceramic tile quality is very good?
A: everyone knows that there are seamless steel tube. Now some seamless ceramic tile is purely speculation, consumers need to pay attention to. Aside from decoration, to see from the Angle of physics, which in theory is said not to the past:
The expansion of the seamless steel tube is the overall 360 DHS outward, so will not crack. And most of the ceramic tile in a relatively closed space construction. Forced the consequences of seamless processing only one: ceramic tile arch. In this book has been introduced.
17. What is the role of wall paint primer?
Answer: a primer for closed, moisture, enhance the function, such as the paint adhesion, good primer and insecticidal effect.
18. How long can start to decorate bridal chamber after making a room?
A: can immediately repair, there is no problem. Unless you build a house, developers built the house delivery usually have some dry period.
19. I want to buy a house street 13 floor, the balcony toward the south, here is a street, be noisy, bedroom and a balcony get through. What doors and Windows processing to make me is not affected by noise, and try not to affect the lighting and ventilation?
Answer: can use hollow glass, or double window. As for ventilation, can only be properly the window open points or a block of exhaust fan. I believe you have a window, the other side of the that can be completely open.
20. I was of the house and the door is to use white paint on fraxinus mandshurica board, so you can see the grain of northeast China ash. But we now with teams cancelled the contract, the board has been bought. Ask the other teams, as if they never done. Could you tell me how to do this?
Answer: this kind of effect it is not hard to do, but you have to deal with the underlying, because northeast China ash is easy to crack. Brush on the thin layer can.
21. Can brush paint white on the radiator?
A: yes, but should use metallic paint, such as car spray paint or enamel with other paint is easy to crack after heated for a long time.
22 what should be paid attention to when painting?
Answer: the painting process and little difference between the hand paint process.
Paint is commonly used in the construction of large area or spraying complex shape, it is difficult to use objects, part of the paint brush, etc. The stand or fall of spraying is the key to spray on the number of times. Thin spraying times, and each time, the effect is good. A spray too thick, the paint is easy to flow, which is commonly known as the "sag" pendant (flow)"
When using the spray gun should pay attention to your mask to avoid inhaling the paint. Spray gun should be with spraying distance between 30 ~ 40 cm. To constantly move the spray gun, spray can in to a place. Spray gun and the coating surface to keep in parallel and perpendicular to the coating surface, an arc swing, so as not to spray paint layer is not well.
23. I'm going to please decorate a company to make a bookcase, painted white, made at the grass-roots level, joinery board meander belt board veneer, solid wood line is convergent, can decorate a company to say no (meander belt) plywood painted white finish, with no excuse me?
A: don't have to, is also a kind of waste. But the panel surface quality must be better, otherwise easy to a problem.
24. Whether to white cement wall brick tick off seam, I please decorate a company to say no, use excuse me?
Answer: need to use. If is the wrong color, can use the cement color. Tick off seam are beneficial for the protection of bricky system and cleaning.
25. Now there are a lot of furniture company can tailor door furniture, this kind of form and compared by decorate a company to the scene to build what is the best? Will you please adopt this form?
Answer: the relative to be sure the price will be much higher. Is now a buyer era, what service can appear. And professional more and segmentation, as in ambry company. But there is something not the segment is good, like clothes, the body is a famous brand, if it is not the same, sometimes with very ugly. Best of all things by the same designer.
26. Can you tell me the shop in the sitting room, 600 mm x 600 mm of polishing brick, cement and the thickness of the floor tile must be at least shop in centimeters?
A; At least 3 cm
27. The balcony have used aluminum alloy seal before, now want to add double window, should adopt what material? How to construction?
A: my bathing necessity (including toilet, bidet, massage bathtub, sink) are all black, the ground and the ceramic tile of metope should choose what color? (the bathroom about 11 m squared, north window, dark.)
Answer: the scheme 1. All in black with silver drill design and color of ceramic tile; Scheme 2. Use white metope, ground with black.
29. I bought the top housing, send top floor tiantai (so-called sky garden), and the opposite of a home a total of about 90 m squared rectangle tiantai. Because of my accident with opposite the head of the household is good the two decided to jointly develop hanging gardens. Idea is as follows: by west kind of a row of jasmine, let down branches long, blocking the sun for west room; East to build a grape; Spread among some grass, plant some flowers and plants, pebble out small, put in a full cast iron hanging chair. Questions: (1) this plan is feasible? (2) by the west jasmine want to get a row of white wooden fence, but I don't know whether the wooden can through wind and rain? Should be how to deal with? (3) under the sod more thick mud can ensure the grass survival? Heard that sod is very expensive, what kind of turf easy to survival, easy to maintain? (4) cast iron hanging chair through wind and rain (rust)? Whether you need to take a face?
Answer: (1) should be changed to use carpet of grass, grass planting, otherwise easy to breed insect ant or overloading floor. The other is feasible. (2) white wooden fence can be to brush paint on a regular basis. Or completes the design of stainless steel after spray white paint will be durable. (3) cast iron general antirust processing, need to do first sit part of wood are available, and is generally not so easy to rust. As for the pavilion will decide for themselves.
30. From beautiful and performance considerations, the condole top of toilet and kitchen, rectangular and square aluminum plate which is better? The balcony with PVC board condole top have problem?
A: I always insist on a 300 mm x 300 mm of aluminous gusset plate.
31. The electric water heater or gas water heater good excuse me? I want to the kitchen and toilet can use the hot water at the same time, I don't know put the water heater in which position?
A: I recommend using gas water heater, save money, and I think than the safety of the electricity. Smelly gas leak, the leakage may no one notice. Can be placed in the kitchen.
32. Originally had little mansion can a big happy face, but the kitchen lampblack problem scratching his head. Better still smoke lampblack machine is to use fan? Or what is smokeless stove?
A: just as its name implies, of course, have to take lampblack chance. Fan is used for ventilation, can be installed, but cannot replace smoke lampblack machine.
33. Sell paint (duoleshi, stand state distributors) say should brush again, and the construction foreman said there is no need for me. I listen to who?
A: multi-function paint, need special, not ordinary paint. It depends on what kind of paint you used, generally can not primer.
34. My room is a wall to form, made a row of low ark under the window. Now master carpenters after low ark is fixed on the wall, I have noticed the error is 1.5 cm on both ends of the window sill. Can ask carpenter put the head up and window on the left lower qi, the teacher told me furniture must be level, because the house has error, can't correct. How to do?
A: give priority to with fixed window. Let straight window frame of bricklayers.
35. The integral ambry, cabinet put oneself in another's use brick paving behind? If you don't spread, aluminous model board can directly?
Answer: it is best to ceramic tile.
36. The new delivery metope is processed, open to booking a contract says "full blow be bored with child twice". Excuse me: (1) to deal with metope, whether to need to the original putty shovel? (2) can be directly above brush emulsioni paint?
Answer: new house putty layer can not eradicate. If the surface of the table the whole, can be directly above brush paint, but preferably first batch of a threesome powder again.
37. How do you determine the wooden floor laid to excuse me?
A: will be subject to the long side of the sitting room to, if your sitting room floor, other room also follow the same direction. If you don't shop floor of wood of the sitting room, so the restaurant long side towards the shall prevail, other room also follow the same direction. If restaurants don't spread wood, so the room can separate laid, with each room long side to the accurate, don't need the same direction.
38. Consult two problems to be solved: (1) little girl bought a top flight of duplex apartment, exterior walls have ceramic tile. Soon after the rain, found on the west wall leakage, not plugging caused by considered the scaffold hole, then digging hole plugging of clay. Soon the pouring rain, leakage again! Hence cut within the full range wall surface, with cement mixing waterproof glue 2 ∽ 3 cm thick, thought foolproof. Yesterday it was heavy rain with west wind, wow - horrible! Several massive water damage, but the degree of the first two is a bit light. Ask what is the path to let me stay safely? (2) decoration design has asked professionals, there is a problem but worry: I visited many friends home, found the ceiling and metope decorate outlet cracking phenomenon exists generally, asked several companies, no one can really ensure no crack. So I can't start.
Answer: (1) exterior wall waterproof to prevent outside, if the wall inside to tackle the problem of waterproof processing one hundred times also of no help. As building construction could not be unaware (of the common sense. Treatment method is to foreign side walls. (2) this problem belongs to the difficult technical problems, can not solve all, and this problem involves the increased costs, in the case of customer don't want to pay more now, is difficult to guarantee.
39. I want to ask yellowing resistant paint except with polyester lacquer furniture presence of emulsioni paint, in addition to white and other colors? I want to know the structure of the inner wall (from the brick to the outermost), because I'm very fuzzy concept of be bored with child.
Answer: (1) resistance to yellowing of the paint on the market there are many, but not the mainstream. House in the long run, the same yellow will become dirty. (2) structure: brick - concrete batch iron - gray (threesome powder), primer, multi-function paint.
40. The oil has again bauhinia polyester lacquer furniture, now want to switch to a giraffe nitro inferior smooth paint series, would that be possible? What should do, should pay attention to? (in the paint because the latter some environmental protection.)
A: early may not have what problem, but the long term may not be a good idea. React is, after all, chemical materials, there is a problem. Ever tried on a piece of wood floor brush two brand floor paint, the results make poor quality, surface reaction.
41. In the building materials market yesterday saw a real wood floor, board face is blank, not to brush paint, merchants said this was done to prevent common splicing of real wood floor cracks and uneven phenomenon. Shop haven't gap and then on a plane after paint.
A; You said is a grain of plate, is relative to the case of lacquer board. This book has been introduced.
42. I bought the floor is the walnut color, the door to do the white that mix oil, want to use the barley living room wall color, advocate the bedroom wall wants to use as one of the glowing rays WanZhao (that is, a little lavender gray), second bedroom want to brush a pale blue, do coordination, will brush after they practiced?
Answer: the first element of design is unified. But because the door is white, match any metope is theoretically. The floor is dark, should no longer use brunet metope lacquer.
43. Use a bath or a shower room, please? Shower room of choose and buy should pay attention to what issues?
Answer: (1) this depends on family life habit. By design, however, bath crock is asked for a room area, width 150 cm or more; General requirements shower room is 85 cm. Now in addition to the two, there is a shower screen, is also quite popular. (2) the shower room of choose and buy should pay attention to material in the material. There are some spray the surface of the substrate may be poor, such as stainless iron material.
44. The building materials market to see 12 mm thick glass, I want to use it to do my the house with a balcony door, replace the original balcony sliding door, to land in spring? How about packing?
A: can't use pure glass balcony door, especially to swing door, poor sealing, and against the wind rain. If you want to do with glass door, cannot use swing door, and need to add box.
No. 45 (1) the kitchen floor drain itself, if you want to increase the floor drain, the possibility of implementation? (2) I'm going to keep the washing machine in the toilet, so you need to change the location of the basin that wash a face, pipe also need to change. When change the piping, pipe need to walk from the ground? Will destroy the ground waterproof layer?
Answer: (1) the transformation of toilet can be consider from the Angle of raise the height. (2) pipe also can walk from metope, pay attention to the horizontal rows. (3) the above both need to redo the waterproof.
46. Compared with the plain board, paint plate is beautiful, but poor maintenance? For decoration, paint shop more simple than shop, plate plate? Costs are low?
A: the maintenance of lacquer board and board is the same. Paint is spread than plain plate is simple.
47. The advantages and disadvantages of marble and granite? Do wash one, windowsill and threshold which one is better? A better quality of polishing brick with big (800 mm * 800 mm or 1000 mm * 1000 mm) cut into the windowsill, threshold?
Answer: (1) the marble is beautiful, but is soft; Granite is more hard [see the third chapter in the book a (8)]. (2) in general, the foot with granite is good, but not absolute. (3) the corner cut modelling of polishing brick is hard to do good, so rarely use polishing brick windowsill. And domestic granite is very cheap, square cost that's even cheaper than the good quality of polishing brick
48. I move to a new home on the third day for cabinet and partition between the leaky plumbing, whole room is filled with a few tons of water, soaking in the water floor. Now decorate a company said to buy a new floor, but not in lumbricus, it is ok to wait for a few air-dried (not previously do moistureproof processing, can be excuse me?
Wardrobe and doors are immersed in water, wardrobe is edge with lily walnut color, the door is lily choi, excuse me, what is the effect, to do what?
A: from the technology into consideration, wood dragon replacement is the most safe, because I think the bottom of the wooden dragon can not completely dry.
As for the part of the wardrobe, have specific see the extent of the damage, if the area is too large, the excessive deformation, may affect the whole wardrobe.
49. (1) my house is on the first floor (basement), compound floor waterproof to do? Want to do how to do? In addition of the floor mat manufacturer to do useful? It is kicking done first put the floor again? (2) the toilet hole change seat to move, remove hoses to its original position 50 cm, need to pay attention to?
Answer: (1) miss waterproofing, is moisture-proof, needs to be done. On the first floor, under the condition of compound floor moistureproof paper doesn't work; Of course, if you city climate is very dry, the exception. (2) change the toilet needs to pay attention to the gap, otherwise easy to jam.
After 50. Wood floor polishing, how much is normal wear off?
A: no specific amount. Grinding, a total of three commonly, also wear off 2 ∽ about 3 mm. Wooden floor is 18 mm thick.
51. I heard that damn formaldehyde mainly comes from wood, so I'm going to try to minimize the woodworking, such as not package doorcase, window frame, no ceiling, don't shed horn line, even the line that play a base, but has to be shop floor, furniture is always right, what can I do?
52. A set of old room toilet need to decorate, the ground is covered with Mosaic, I don't want to abort Mosaic, redo waterproof, can brush a slurry on Mosaic, do waterproof, sticks ceramic tile at the end?
A: yes, but want to use professional waterproof material.
53. When doing the ambry, you suggest to the pad 10 cm high, I want to ask, kicking the base cabinet can not do, sat on the mat highland directly? If decorate ambry is another purchase, ambry company is responsible for the installation of water supply and drainage system?
Another problem is: now the room is often a close, the inside of the air flow, how to solve this problem? Before some decorating is open a window on the door, I think it's old-fashioned.
A: if there is a platform, is really can not do kick. But you can also choose plastic or stainless steel ambry company to provide the line that play a base, just as platform and durable. Ambry company is generally does not provide water supply and drainage, but also is not absolute, you can consult them first. Door leaf question you can budget interspace under the door leaf or doing shutters. Of course, this would sacrifice sound insulation sex.
54. My house has two bedrooms, the master bedroom wants to buy brunet furniture (black walnut color), the second lie to use teak veneer, all the doors, door frames, window sill, skirting board also use teak, walls white emulsioni paint, ceiling with white. Ask a few questions: (1) selection of real wood floor material and color? Surface in teak is ok for you? (2) this white walls and ceiling, ceiling, also need to use a darker shade horn line? (3) the bedroom and sitting room should use the same solid wood board?
Answer: (1) available teak floor. (2) your schema color is deeper, is a bad master design, if not match well, it's easy to become a 60, the owner of the house. (3) it is best to use the same floor, so that less cohesion.
55. I'm going to buy domestic 74 cm (29 inches) fall to the ground, so save the money of TV ark. But behind the metope of how to deal with, can use simple masons work done?
A: then don't do the TV wall, because the cost of TV setting wall is better than not doing TV ark save more money.
56. I'm going to spread ceramic tile floor wear-resisting, adopt the method of dry shop, shop floor tile need before flooding? How to dip?
A: do not need immersed polishing brick, bo changes a brick, include immersion of brick of pottery and porcelain.
57. A moment is real wood floor, a moment is compound floor, the former said the latter foot feeling is not good, the latter said that the former is easy to deformation, difficult to maintain. I want both foot feeling and environmental protection, more modern, not behind The Times, how to do?
A: real wood floor is natural, there is no lag behind. I personally prefer to real wood floor. But admit that the performance of the compound floor has some real wood floor is no. But real wood floor deformation and say, I think a purely technical problem, not a product quality problems (see chapter 3 (6)].
58. My new house, developers have installed PVC pipes, I want to change into a copper tube, would that be necessary?
A: are you sure you is PVC pipe? I guess may be composite aluminum tube? Generally don't have to change. But if you use a strict, used for hot water pipe, for example, consider with copper pipes. Because of the heat bilges cold shrink is likely to create composite aluminium tube outer separation and water penetration. But if you really only PVC pipes, then must be replaced.
59. A boss introduced double tongue-and-groove floor of real wood floor, can don't keel and 9 mm plate from wax from rubber, can be directly laid, and insect prevention, and compared with the single tongue-and-groove floor not easy bulging. Please double tongue-and-groove floor actually have these benefits?
Answer: the design of the double tongue-and-groove is beneficial to strengthen the fastness of wooden floor, of course, but for stronger without a bottom, I have reservations. In theory, most of the floor are from wax from the glue.
60. I want to be in toilet metope brush (pits cement) 1.8 cm high waterproof layer, but such reoccupy cement tile will not strong enough? What good method?
A: no problem. If instability, decorate is that your teacher has a problem.
61. The floor of my home for southwest birch, paint use Nippon super beautiful beauty. Service center recommend not batch of be bored with child, especially the dissatisfaction, said be bored with child will be counter-productive, paint is likely to be bored with child grabbed from the plate. But my house painter said floor full of be bored with child. For careful consideration, I don't let them be bored with child. Now out of the question, after doing two paint, light from the side, there are obvious grinding machine on the floor through the line. Looking for Nippon technician, he did not play a good polishing machine, no matter how many the brush paint won't cover all these impressions, is the only way to solve the paint off again.
The problem is do floor paint must be full of be bored with child? Such as not batch of putty, polished how to ensure that no longer has the above situation? How many # sandpaper, grinding machine grinding should be chosen at the beginning of fine grinding and abrasive paper should choose how many number?
Answer: (1) your home is a problem with the polished floor, floor polishing should be three times: coarse sand, medium sand and fine sand. If paint have burnish marks, then no doubt is a problem of grinding. Plate (2) the general element of the hem of be bored with child just need to fill the seam part, don't have to full fill. Decorating to full batch because of trying to cover up problems, and so full of, can make the floor table is extremely easy to hit, because of be bored with child do not wear.
How long after 62. The real wood floor paint wax is better? Floor wax which is better? Liquid, solid?
A: real wood floor is installed after the clean can make liquid wax. This diy. When love dozen when playing. Commonly used 2 ∽ 3 years later, the surface finish will decline, then consider using solid wax, but the painter to do, generally they are hard to do.
63. Do two level platform, level 1 to 10 cm high, on its back 15 cm high. Strong to keel excuse me how to do? On the roof and facade again clip board?
A: with a 15 mm plate 300 mm x 300 mm square, facade with 9 mm plate can be closed. Plane 9 mm or 12 mm plate can be used. It is best to add top face plywood.
64. I don't want to find pave the floor of the keel, do not know where to buy?
A: I never hit keel of shop floor, but the backplane is to.
65. I have a wall between dining-room and kitchen apart, put it out for the open kitchen what problem should note? Want to draw the founder's hall restaurant portion, and pavement, what restaurant kitchen ceramic tile, floor tile with the collocation of color harmony will be? I cook is that some of the oil, the pollution in the living room?
Answer: you cook with oil you also want to use the design of open mode kitchen, the first principle: it's against the design function first, form second. The damage to the other similar areas is inevitable.
66. My toilet closestool of PVC hoses sound extremely loud and two rooms are heard, how to deal with sound insulation?
A: the pipe wrapped up. Brick or splint can fill the asbestos in the center. Waterproof and moistureproof processing plywood and don't forget.
67. Some people want me to the ground from the balcony relies on a wall to do a pool used to wash the mop about 40 cm high, but I'm worried about the waterproof problems, but isn't this supposed to be vulgar?
A: wash the mop with mop bucket, there's no need to do a pool of water.
68. What kind of interior design software is best now?
Answer: the construction drawing with AutoCAD, rendering with production softwares 3 dmax, processing picture in Photoshop. The three big belong to the "standard equipment" of interior design.
69. Is now ready to decorate a house, there are a few problems: (1) shop floor, when the ground with bitumen is better (relative to the entire renovation)? Before or when doing wet floor? Asphalt need to dry? How long does it take to dry? Asphalt surface should be clean? (2) (and comparison of natural stone artificial stone is easy to scratch, scratch? Whether poor waterproof, time easy ooze water? (3) room partition between how to make sound insulation effect is good? Master carpenter said don't need to build by laying bricks or stones wall, what with a plate, and save space; Bricklayer said must build by laying bricks or stones wall.
Answer: (1) brush is the timing of the pitch before the flooring, generally about 3 days to dry. Keep back the clean brush before. Brush after it is best to clean, not clean actually the technical structure in any harm. (2) artificial stone and natural stone are not easy ooze water, but natural stone surface has a hole, oil leakage, make the surface appears more oil. Man-made stone is easy to scratch, but easy to use sand paper imports recovered, homebred man-made stone, it is not very good this] see chapter iii (eight)]. (3) the effect of the red brick wall, of course, the best, but now no, if you are a senior, with red brick. Wood said should be a light steel keel gypsum board, this also, but inside have to fill the sound-absorbing cotton. The footprint.
70. My home decorate new home soon, some time ago under the heavy rain, termites, how to control?
Answer: open the window and door, want to have a mosquito net. Termites, looking for a trustworthy professional termite prevention treatment. Actually about to consult termite prevention before decorate, termite treatment.
71. I have to buy for the wrong layer, 3 rooms 2 hall 2, bottom is deputy health, study, sitting room, dining-room, the upper for the bedroom, advocate defend, sitting room and accessory adjacent to the lower part of the wall is the first half of the advocate defend downstairs. So, waterproof how should do? The downstairs bathroom waterproof should pay attention to?
Answer: can use first organosilicon waterproofing agent waterproof bottom, then with 911 waterproof glue. Actually the waterproof principle is the same with the flat layer, the key is high a waterproof layer to higher peak. The location of the foot to increase the intensity of waterproof.
72. My family want to install home theater, decoration is now ready to the processing of metope and floor installation, heard what active speaker and passive speakers, I really don't understand, how to handle these techniques.
Answer: its speakers are active speaker with amplifier, itself without amplifier speakers is passive speakers, we general family expenses is passive speakers, computer use is active speakers. Audio line should be laid on the floor before laying, the method with wire, need to add tube, but don't go parallel tube and wire.
73. My house is three rooms. When developers in building, and lie in the sitting room left two network interfaces, respectively. The two mouth, say go Internet cable and telephone lines at the same time. So how do I put the cable and telephone line points out?
The other two rooms also want to get to the Internet, how to connect? From the two meet? Take each color line, or to pick up from the outside to come in?
A: it is a telephone line to line, blue yellow green is network line to line. Other room to get to the Internet, need to install the hub and cables.
74. Ask: the construction technology of couch couch rice and what's the difference between a real wood floor? The board have any special requirements?
A: the real couch couch rice is need to purchase from Japan. I think what you said is not true, of course, that kind of couch couch rice, but a farming machine. Method is very simple, use (or 15 mm plate into all do open shelves, and then put a layer of 15 mm above the big core board. The above material is decided by yourself. But can't use need cement materials, such as ceramic tile.
75. The paint primer of curing agent can add less? The main agent: curing agent, thinner, labeled as 2:1:2, workers can add very little curing agent, reasonable?
A: curing agent and diluent, general should be used according to the specification, can with the seasons change, increase or decrease slightly. Different grades and types of paint, the different proportion. Ratio is poor if too much, will influence the effect of paint coating.
76. After installing security doors, and the gap between the walls is larger, the master speak with cement packing will craze, suggested that bag door frame. I think security doors package box is very ugly, does any other cement in the not too much, add some of putty powder (not grey).
77. Is the line that play a base of compound floor should do?
A: the line that play a base of compound floor is form a complete set, with real wood floor is different.
78. The moisture content of real wood floor is refers to the gap with the local moisture content? So how many within plus or minus is normal?
Answer: the moisture content is in commonly 8% ∽ 14% advisable. The moisture content of countries do not have to make a specification, I usually take about 12%. But even if the same sheet. Moisture content will also have certain differences, more testing, and averaged.
79. Decorate a company to make me pay administration, elevator decoration tax fee (material handling), garbage qing freight (is trash pickup points out, I have to decorate a company to pay the freight from upstairs and downstairs to the qing), is that so?
Answer: normally, decorate a company's liquidation cost refers to the temporary from upstairs to the district designated garbage dumps. To the outbound costs to calculated separately from the trash pickup point, generally by the district is responsible for the pickup, so don't decorate a company to directly into our budget.
80. Yesterday, the weather is cloudy sometimes see the sun, my afternoon ground floor, the paint is good before going to take time before the rainy season. Terrible is to rain this morning. Can excuse me such humidity to brush paint?
A: if the feeling is very humid, it is best to delay construction, high humidity circumstance construction, have influence on the performance and effect of paint, and there will be returned to the white phenomenon.