Medium block, construction technology

1 scope

This technology is applicable to industrial and civil building medium-block wall masonry works.

2 construction preparation

2.1 materials and requirements:

2.1.1 block:

2.1.1.1 Portland fly-ash dense medium blocks:

Specifications: length (mm): 1180, 880, 580, 430

Height (mm): 380

Width (mm): 240, 200, 190, 180,

Technical performance: MU10 and MU15 strength grade, as shown in table 6-4.

The technical performance of fly ash block table 6-4

MU10 MU15

Compressive strength of cubic specimens (N/mm2) three specimens average not less than 10,

A minimum of not less than average not less than 15 of 83 specimens,

A minimum of not less than 12

2 artificial carbonation strength (N/mm2) not less than 6 not less than 9

3 drying shrinkage value (mm/m) is not more than 1

4 density (kg/m3) 1500 (no greater than the density of product design)

Frost resistance of 5 strength loss rate is less than 25%, the appearance of no obvious loose, flaking or cracking

2.1.1.2 hollow concrete medium-block:

Specifications: length (mm): 1770~485, and 2130~630, and 1185~285

Height (mm): 790 845 785

Thickness (mm): 200, 180, 200

Hollow concrete medium block sizes, dimensions and hole, hollow rate shall meet the design strength and thermal requirements, its structural parameters is shown in table 6-5.

Constructed of hollow concrete medium block specifications 6-5

Pass

Single hole single row of circular holes multi-row

1 hollow rate (%) 50~60 40~50 35~45

2 wall thickness δ (mm) 25~35 25~30 25~35

3-rib distance h (mm) 10 d + δ ~12 δ (30~40)

Technical performance: MU10, MU15, MU20 MU25 strength grade; see table 6-6.

Hollow concrete medium block properties table 6-6

Heading indicator

1 density (kg/m3) 950~1080

2 sound insulation (dB) 41

3 thermal performance meets the design requirements

4 compressive strength level to meet the design requirements

2.1.1.3 aerated concrete block:

Specifications: length (mm): 600

Height (mm): 200, 250, 300

Thickness (mm): 100, 150, 200, 250

Technical characteristics: density is divided into 500, 600, 700kg/M3 three-level technically, it can be seen in table 6-7.

Table 6-7 of the properties of aerated concrete block

Indicator

500 600 700

1 density (dry conditions) (kg/m3) 500 ± 50 600 ± 50 700 ± 50

2 compressive strength (N/mm2) ≥ 2.7 ≥ 4.0 ≥ 4.7

Drying shrinkage temperature 20 ± 1 ° c

41%~45% measured under the conditions of relative humidity ≤ 0.5 ≤ 0.5 ≤ 0.5

(mm/m)

Temperature 20 ± 1 ° c

41%~45% measured under the conditions of relative humidity ≤ 0.8 ≤ 0.8 ≤ 0.8

Frost resistance

(Freeze-thaw after 15) weight loss (%)

Strength loss (%) ≤ 0.5

≤ 20 ≤ 0.5

≤ 20 ≤ 0.5

≤ 20

2.1.1.4 waste slag concrete hollow a medium block, specifications in the table 6-8.

Table 6-8

Variety structure dimensions (mm)

Length height depth

1 coal stone hollow block 1185~285 880~385 200

2 fly ash hollow block 1170~170 610~380 240~200

Boiling slag hollow blocks 1180~280 3 880 200

Technical performance: coal slag concrete hollow medium block to dry-stone, and fluidized furnace slag as raw materials production with fly ash block, its performance is shown in table 6-9

Technical performance of slag concrete hollow medium block table 6-9

Category index

Project dry stone block with fly ash block coal fluidized furnace slag block

1 material strength (N/mm2) 15~27 15

2 strength (N/mm2) 6.8~10.9 MU5 MU5.5~7.0

3 density (dry conditions) (kg/m3) 1100~1350 1100

4 artificial carbonation coefficient 0.72~0.93 0.65

5 values (mm/m) 0.32~0.37

6 of frost resistance (strength) (%) 8~9

7 thermal conductivity (w/m • k) 0.94~1.12 0.66

2.1.1.5 other block: seismic special-shaped hollow blocks, gypsum block, haydite concrete blocks, the block should be selected according to the design requirements of qualified products.

2.1.2 masonry mortar: mostly sand, lime, cement, plaster, additives and other materials in the preparation of mortar.

2.2 the main tools:

2.2.1 machinery: tower cranes, hoists, and Derricks, cutting machine.

2.2.2 tools: fixtures, hand saw, the ash bucket, basket, small shovel, crowbar, hands for years.

2.3 operating conditions:

2.3.1 medium block masonry construction, should be combined with masonry and masonry features, design drawings and site specific conditions, preparation of the construction programme, ready for construction machines, construction layout, divide the construction section, arranged for streamlined construction, operation construction of cross connection.

2.3.2 medium block masonry construction, must finish works through hidden detection pre-screening procedures.

2.3.3 good masonry wall body line of position, location of doors and Windows such as line, experienced line in accordance with design drawings, pre-screening qualified.

2.3.4 building operation requires, and find the height laid the ruler bar.

2.3.5 putting up good operating and unloading shelves.

2.3.6 the preparation of shaped blocks (with wood cut), determined by the test of mortar mix, ready to die.

3 operational processes

3.1 process:

Wall wire

Preparation of Pu mortar, mortar block arranged → → → → block in place → calibration →

Water block

Sand building inlaid → → vertical filling mortar joints

3.2 wall wire: masonry construction, Foundation or floor surface should be leveling according to elevation, by laying out the first block of the axis, a masonry line and opening lines.

3.3 block arrangement: arranged in a block diagram in the wall line within the block length, line. Arrange blocks of method and requirements are as follows:

3.3.1 masonry in front of the building, should be based on engineering design and construction, combined with concrete block masonry block in the drawing of the varieties, specifications, layout and inerrant, arranged according to the diagram block.

3.3.2 blocks arranged from the Foundation or base surface, ± 0.00 arranged, arranged as far as possible the main specifications of block masonry master specification block should be accounted for in 75%~80%.

3.3.3 block arrangement, the skin should be staggered and slung masonry, and masonry typically block 1/2 in length shall be not less than block high 1/3, should not be less than 150mm, if you are on the wrong stitch length can not meet the requirements of set requirements, pressure built steel bar mesh measure should be taken, constructed according to the design requirements.

3.3.4 rotation angle and the longitudinal and lateral walls of the outer wall junction, blocks should be bite Cha, staggered up build, if you can't bite Cha when, according to the design requirements of other structural measures vertical masonry seams and jambs edges should be avoided with joint and built brick setting can not be used.

3.3.5 masonry thickness of horizontal mortar joint is generally 15mm, if the masonry reinforcement mesh, 20~25mm horizontal mortar joint thickness and vertical mortar joint width of 20mm. Vertical joints greater than 30mm, C20 of fine stone concrete-filled reality.

3.3.6 block arranged as far as possible not bricks or small inlaid bricks must be inserted when brick, brick masonry, and spread, with brick masonry strength should not be smaller than the block strength.

3.3.7 block wall with structural elements when there is a conflict, you should meet the component layout.

3.4 preparation mortar: mortar variety, according to the design strength of preparation mortar, mix ratio should be determined by the laboratory, used to weight ratio, measuring accuracy ± 2% for cement, sand, gypsum mortar control within ± 5%, mechanical mixing and mixing time of not less than 1.5min.

3.5 Pu mortar: mixing mortar, by skip, grey cars shipped to the building site, in front of the block is in place, with a big shovel, ash scoop of blocks spread ash, smaller block size large Pu grey length must not exceed 1500mm.

3.6 blocks in place and more are: block, watering should be made the day before humid, sweep away the dust, clear blocks debris on the surface of the rear suspension, shipped in place. After laying in place should be far, first on the lower rear, exterior; at the beginning of each layer, starting at the corner blocks or positioning; crane masonry skin, correct skin, Pi Pila control elevation of masonry and wall flatness.

Block installations, lifting block bias should be avoided, so that the bottom surface of the block level to fall in place by human hand control, alignment position, falling slowly through micro-small pry bar to pry, holding Board hanging straight, nuclear is so far.

3.7 building inlaid: made from ordinary clay bricks set built around a brick, you must choose not transverse the entire brick and tile inlay puzzle, you may not use half a brick.

3.8 vertical filling mortar: each building block, in place after the correction, filling Vertical joints with mortar, followed by joint seam (puree jointing), depth of General 3~5mm.

4 quality criteria

4.1 project:

4.1.1 using medium-block and raw material, its technical performance and strength, must comply with the design requirements and factory certification, pilot projects must comply with the criteria laid down.

4.1.2 mortar variety, strength class must meet the design requirements, in accordance with the regulations making blocks, pressure strength shall not be less than the design strength.

4.2 Basic project:

4.2.1 masonry joints shall comply with provisions should not appear vertical seams, seam dimensions shall meet the requirements of this standard.

4.2.2 the corner, junction must be masonry, must remain oblique Cha Cha should stay; joint uniform.

4.2.3 mortar should be dense, block Ying Pingshun, should not appear broken Cha, loose.

4.2.4 steel tie bar, steel mesh size, number, spacing, position, length, the design requirements.

4.3 allowable deviation, as shown in table 6-10.

Medium block masonry tolerance table 6-10

Tolerance (mm) method

1 axis 10-theodolite, level checking and check construction records.

2 the Foundation or floor elevation ± 15 theodolite, level checking and check construction records.

Checked every floor: 5 hanging

10m 10 vertical 3 theodolite or wait for check

10m 20

4 flat surface 10 2m ruler and the feeler Gage check

Dry wall 7 10m long cable and check

Horizontal mortar joints straight mixed with water wall 10

6 horizontal mortar joint thickness +10,-5-foot check

7 vertical slit width +10,-5-foot check

8 width of jambs (post box) +10,-5-foot check

9 drywall joints 2.0 wait and check

5 finished product protection

5.1 when the first door and window frames, protected during the building process of the Covenant box; when the loading door and window frames, attention should be fixed box buried firmly, not damaged, not make it loose.

5.2 device slots on the masonry to reserve, buried due to leakage or when not reserved, measures should be taken, not because of tick cut and damaged the integrity of the masonry.

5.3 should be timely clear floor mortar masonry construction.

5.4 demolition when the shelves to protect the wall and door and window a quarrel.

6 quality problems to be noticed

6.1 masonry adhesive is not strong: due to block water, clean up bad, block paving mortar at a time when the area is too large, correction is not timely; block masonry used in the previous day, watering should be fully wet, with the lifting with masonry surfaces cleaned; block in place should be corrected in a timely manner, followed with mortar (or fine concrete) irrigation and vertical seams.

6.2 the first block bottom uneven thickness of mortar: because the basement is not beforehand using fine stone concrete leveling height will cause masonry mortar joint thickness, should pay attention to building the base leveling.

6.3 Rachel steel or masonry reinforcement meshes do not meet design requirements: according to the design and specification of requirements, setting up Rachel and Rachel steel and masonry reinforcement mesh.

6.4 masonry joints design and does not meet the norms: groups are not arranged in a block puzzle construction. Attention to the specification and correct set of masonry block.

6.5 masonry deviation ultra provides controlled every block height is not accurate. Should strictly follow the flag pole height controls, master Pu grey thickness.

7 quality records

This standard shall meet the following quality records:

7.1 block, raw materials, the factory certificate.

7.2 construction test report.

7.3 the construction set of Jigsaw data.

7.4 quality inspection and assessment of information.