Sunday, November 6, 2016

Concrete walls, plaster crafts

1 scope
This technology is applicable to grass-roots in the concrete wall and roof, the senior plastering.
2 construction preparation
2.1 materials and equipment:
2.1.1 cement: No. 325 slag Portland or Portland cement. Factory-certified or retest when shipped more than three months or have wet cement, according to test results.
2.1.2 sand: sand, average particle size for 0.35~0.5mm, 5mm aperture of sieve before use. Must not have grass-roots and other debris.
2.1.3 lime cream: massive lime cream, shower system must be not more than Aperture 3mmx3mm sieve filters, and stored in a settling tank. Curing time at ambient temperature of not less than 15D when used to cover, not be less than 30D. When using lime paste may contain particles and other impurities that are not cured.
2.1.4 pulverized quicklime: their fineness through the 4900 hole/cm2 of screening. Full with water before curing, curing time should be more than 3D.
2.1.5 paper reinforced white bar or toilet paper bar, three weeks before using water-soaked and beat to mix the synthetic paste, require clean, delicate, or can be made into pulp.
2.1.6 Ma DAO: must be flexible, dry, free of impurities, approximately 10~30mm in length, use 4~5d before beating loose, with lime cream set.
2.1.7 polyethylene acid formaldehyde: 107 gum.
2.1.8 main machines: mortar mixer, and paper reinforced gray mixer, and scales, and aperture 5mm sieve, and narrow trolleys, and iron, and shovel, and flat spade, and big barrels, and gray slot, and hose, and water spoon, and gray spoon, and small bucket, and watering can, and supporting gray Board, and wood wipe child, and iron wipe child, and Yin (Yang) angle wipe child, and plastic wipe child, and big bar, and in the bar, and 2m by feet Board, and supporting Board, and horoscopes feet, and 5~7mm thick party mouth by feet, and soft scraping feet, and feet, and iron business level feet, and box feet, and wire brush, and hairy brush, and chicken leg brush, and broom, and pink package, and small white line, and Cold chisel, hammer, pliers, nails, steel clamp, wire pendant, rubber shoes, tool bags etc.
2.2 operating conditions:
2.2.1 subject to the relevant authorities for construction quality acceptance of structures and qualified before plastering. And elastic 50cm horizontal lines.
2.2.2 prior to plastering, check for proper door and window frames, a solid connection with the wall. Joint density of cement mortar layer impaction of the gap 1:3, if the gap is large, should be mixed with a small amount of mortar Ma DAO impaction dense. Door nails set planks or metal protection. Aluminum alloy door and window frame edges with jointing materials should comply with the design requirements and plug the compact and paste protective film in advance.
Before 2.2.3, and plastering the walls should be finished with a layer of ground and the ground.
2.2.4 the piping through the hole in the wall and floor holes should be promptly placed casing and 1:3 cement mortar or concrete bean filling density; boxes of wires and pipes, fire hydrants, distribution boxes are installed, and Lomond part nailed behind wire mesh junction boxes with paper jam.
2.2.5 closets embedded ironwork, door frames and other positions and levels should be accurate, and anti-corrosion, anti-rust treatment.
2.2.6 under interior height and plastering site specific conditions, set plaster operations in advance with the high stool and shelf, shelf left wall and corner 200~250mm to facilitate the operation.
2.2.7 winter thaw measures should be taken prior to the grass-roots level until it is fully thawed and indoor temperatures remain above 5 c, can be carried out indoor, and plastering the walls. Not in negative temperature and freezing, and plastering the walls.
2.2.8 the concrete walls and roof should be protruding parts such as tick, honeycomb, pockmarked face, exposed ribs should tick into practice, use 1:3 cement mortar layer fill, remove exposed steel bars and wire the first prior.
2.2.9 before the plaster with a broom to clean roof, wall, such as oil or powder release agent, 10% caustic soda water cleaning, rinsing, or with a wire brush to thoroughly clean.
2.2.10 plastering the previous day, walls, watering should be moist, plastered with a broom again drenching or spraying water when moist.
3 operational processes
3.1 process:
3.1.1 concrete roof plaster:
Scaffolding base line, square, looking for rules Middle bottom ash ash ash cover

3.1.2 plastering concrete walls:
Base treatment hanging straight, square, looking for rules, and gray pie wall surface reinforcement (sets the standard bar) corner

Green cement sill plate green Middle bottom ash ash ash cement mortar overlays (including cement skirting, Dado)

Wall mask face gray conservation

3.2 joint treatment of the roof: the convex part of the out pouring of concrete and debris, and then with a brush dipped in water to clean debris and dust on the surface, brush 10% 107 adhesive mud mixed with water consumption, followed by 1:0.3:3 mixing mortar joints smooth, thick-layered every thickness should be in 5~7mm.
3.3 concrete roof cement mortar, mixed mortar:
3.3.1 scaffolding: paved after the backout, about from the roof high 1.5M.
3.3.2 base treatment by first projecting concrete tick, on top of concrete of steel formwork should be cutting hair, and wire brush to brush again, water wetter. If the concrete surface is very smooth, can also take the following "hair treatment ° approach, that is clean from dust and dirt on the surface, 10% caustic soda water to the top surface of the oil to brush off, with the lye with water rinse and dry. Fine then 1:1 cement mortar mixed with water by 20% 107 glue, spray or mortar with a broom into the top left should be uniform, after the final set water conservation until lumps all covered with cement mortar on the concrete surface, and has a higher strength (break with one fixed).
3.3.3 line, sets, find rules: 50cm horizontal line find out close to the roof around the flat line, horizontal line of control as a roof plaster.
3.3.4 wipe end of gray: in roof concrete wet of situation Xia, first brush 107 rubber pigment water mud a (within mixed water 10% of 107 rubber, w/c for 0.4~0.5), with brush with playing end of; end of gray used 1:3 cement mortar (or 1:0.3:3 mixed mortar) playing end of, thickness for 5mm, operation Shi needed forced pressure, to will end of gray squeeze into roof small pore in the; with soft scraping feet scraping wipe Niki, with wood wipe child rub flat rub hair.
3.3.5 cover gray: at about six or seven dry bottom ash, ash can overlay; cover gray with 1:2.5 mortar or cement 1:0.3:2.5 cement mortar, the thickness of 5mm. When the first top and moist and thin together with ground floor gray grip scraping, immediately wipe it again, anyway, Niki, with an iron trowel calendering, pressing.
3.4 concrete roof mixed mortar reinforced gray paper overlay:
3.4.1~3.4.3 concrete roof with cement mortar.
3.4.4 bottom ash: in the case of wet concrete roof, brush 107 plastic pigment slurry (10% 107 glue mixed with water), with the brush base; end of bottom ash with 1:0.5:1 cement-Lime plaster mortar, the thickness of 2mm operation when pressed, grey-squeezed into the small pores of the roof at the end of it.
3.4.5 middle gray: wipe bottom ashes follows the second time 1:3:9 mix mortar, middle gray around the thickness of 6mm, green finished with a soft Derby scratch green Niki, rub wood trowel flat.
3.4.6 paper reinforced cover grey: second ashes up to six or seven dry, cover gray; cover ash twice survived, about 2mm. First overlay gray, the thinner the better; followed by a second time, to leveling; cover grey slightly dry, use plastic trowel smooth grain compaction, and light.
3.5 concrete wall cement mortar:
3.5.1 base treatment: concrete roof with cement mortar.
3.5.2 hanging straight, square, looking for rules, and lime cake: depending on the primary surface is flat, vertical, upon examination after the plastering layer thickness (drawing regular, intermediate, advanced), but at least no one should be less than 7mm. Large wall concavity to hierarchical operations. Line, feet, Latrun and other methods posted ash cake, looking for a vertical support Board, ash cakes as evidence of the skirting board. Gray square cake should be made 5cm 1:3 cement mortar, horizontal distance is about 1.2~1.5M or so.
3.5.3 wall surface reinforcement (sets the standard bar): according to a pie with 1:3 cement mortar flush with the plaster layer of the same muscle (muscle), Chong tendons should be decided according to the height or width of the room, bar width of 5cm.
3.5.4 corner: according to pie and screed Strip, at first, numbness of the mouth and the wall doors and Windows. Cylindrical corner wipe out cement corner; 1:3 cement mortar base, slightly dry mortar, then the plain cement poured into small rounded corners. Also available 1:2 or 1:0.3:2.5 cement mortar made out of cement mortar corner, its height should not be less than 2m, on each side of a width not less than 50mm. Concrete corner at the same time, 1:3 cement mortar or 1:1:6 cement mortar mix there are two over the doors and Windows and soft face scratch coat. As the window width is less than 100mm, also available at the completion of the cement at the corner.
3.5.5 cement sill plate: first clean up the window base, again break and loose brick mortar repair, pour water, solid stone concrete pavers and 1:2:3 bean, of a thickness of not less than 2.5cm. Next day another of 10% 107 rubber cement mixed with water consumption, followed by 1:2.5 cement mortar layer, pressing, calendering, water conservation 2~3D. Wanting to request straight, without burrs.
3.5.6 bottom ash: generally should be plastering the walls with water to soak the day before, and in the case of concrete wall surface moist. First brush 107 rubber pigment water mud a (within mixed water 10% of 107 rubber), with brush with playing end of; end of gray used 1:3 cement mortar (or 1:0.3:3 mixed mortar, w/c for 0.4~0.5) playing end of, thickness for 13mm, each again thickness should be in 5~7mm, should layered points again and by rushed reinforced wipe flat, with big bar scraping flat find straight, wood wipe child rub flat rub hair.
3.5.7 cement mortar overlays gray: the underlying mortar after the second day, after the first wall surface moist, you can cover gray. Cover gray with 1:2.5 mortar or cement 1:0.3:2.5 cement mortar thickness 5~8mm. Before plastering to scrape a thin gray grip at the bottom, followed by the second, with big bumper scrape straight, with an iron trowel compaction.
3.5.8 cement skirting board or cement Dado: first brush of 10% 107 glue a cement slurry mixed with water consumption, followed by 1:3 cement mortar bottom rub surface with a wood float, 1:2.5 cement mortar for surface pressure, bulging grey wall surface 5~7mm (pay attention to the wall thickness, it tastes good and straight, smooth).
3.5.9 upon completion of ash attention to water conservation, prevention of hollowing cracks.
3.6 reinforced concrete wall mixed mortar, of paper dust cover:
3.6.1~3.6.5 practice of concrete walls with cement mortar.
3.6.6 wipe end of gray: General should in wipe gray day water put wall surface poured through, then in concrete wall surface wet of situation Xia, first brush 107 rubber pigment water mud a (within mixed water 10% of 107 rubber), with brush with playing end of; end of gray used 1:3:9 cement lime cream mortar playing end of, thickness, intermediate wipe gray for 7mm (senior for 11mm), each again thickness should be in 5~7mm, should layered points again wipe, with big bar scraping flat find straight, wood wipe child rub flat rub hair.
3.6.7 Middle mortar: wipe bottom ash follows the second 1:3:9 cement mortar, middle managers grey thickness of 7mm, then uses the big bumper scrape, rub wood trowel flat, after wiping out ash conservation. And then with a supporting Board overhaul middle gray is vertical, flat, angle of yin and Yang is founder, straight, tube with internal corner junction, wall and roof junction is flat and smooth. Skirting, Dado head cement radiator behind and pipes shall be cleaned up in a timely manner.
3.6.8 practices with concrete wall cement mortar 3.5.8.
3.6.9 paper towels-gluten dry ash: Middle grey at around six or seven, you can begin to cover grey paper reinforcement (such as middle managers grey when dry, should be sufficient watering moist). Cover gray twice survived, about 2mm, best two people simultaneously, a thin man shave it again; another is smoothed. After the order on the first and then pressure really, and a steel trowel again, plastic trowel smooth lines for last light, ash immediately with a brush dipped in water to cover pollution clean cleaning such as window boxes.
Winter construction of 3.7:
3.7.1 winter construction, measures should be taken. When applied, temperature should not be lower than 5 ° c of the mortar. Ambient temperature + 5 c. Minimum stay above 0 c.
3.7.2 mortar plastering layer's early hardening without freezing. Painted wall plaster, not mixed with salt and calcium chloride.
3.7.3 freezing masonry walls, Interior plaster walls thawed, can be carried out.
3.7.4 winter construction, the plaster layer can be installed using hot air or accelerated drying of a chimney fire. When using hot air, ventilation equipment should be established to exclude moisture. Should have special responsibility for timing at switch Windows and doors to enhance ventilation and moisture removal.
4 quality criteria
4.1 project:
Indoor concrete wall, 4.1.1 plastering materials, quality must comply with the design requirements and the provisions of the existing material standards.
4.1.2 the plaster layer and must bond between plaster layer and the substrate, no delamination, empty drum surface blasting dust and crack-free (except the wind shake) and other defects.
4.2 Basic project:
4.2.1 surface:
Intermediate plasters: smooth, clean surface, Cha flat, corners straight and clear.
Advanced plastering: the surface is smooth, clean, uniform color, no lines, and gray line straight line angle square, clear and beautiful.
4.2.2 corner, door gap between frame and wall: corner meets the construction requirements, the surface is smooth, smooth; gap between the door and window frames and wall packing density, surface roughness.
4.2.3 holes, slots, plastering the surface behind the boxes and pipes: the correct size, orderly, smooth edges; pipes behind the flat.
Section 4.2.4 (seam): width, depth, uniform (seam) is smooth, Leng corners neatly, horizontal even vertical, smooth.
4.3 allowable deviation, as shown in table 9-4.
Concrete walls, plastering tolerance table 9-4
Tolerance (mm) test method
Intermediate advanced
1 façade vertical 5 3 2m supporting plate check
2 surface flat 4 2 2m m on foot and wedged feeler Gage check
2m angle vertical 4 2 3 Yin and Yang of care with Board examination
4 corner founder of yin and Yang of 4 2 20cm feet and wedge feeler Gage check
5 points (seams) straight and standard 3-5M line check

5 finished product protection
5.1 prior to the door before the plaster frame cracks at the connection with the wall with cement mortar block density (determined by the design of aluminium alloy door and window frame caulking material and paste protective film beforehand), the nail is located at the entrance of Tin or wood protection.
5.2 push cart or carry something, be careful not to touch the bad mouth and walls. Plastering of the staves and shovels to not put it on the wall, do not pedal step on the window sill and prevent damage to its edges.
5.3 removing scaffolding when you're down with care, removal of material to be neatly, don't crash, such as doors, walls and spat.
5.4 to protect embedded in the wall, curtain hooks, wire ducts. Boxes, plumbing equipment and reserve holes, not to die.
5.5 before the plaster layer of hardening, should prevent the quick-drying, water, impact, vibration and compression to ensure ash layers have enough strength.
5.6 to protect floors, floor drain, prohibition on the ground mixed with ash and stacking mortar, directly on the ground.
6 quality problems to be noticed
6.1 jambs, walls, skirting, Dado and catchy plaster hollow, crack:
6.1.1 two fortress gray door and window frames tight, and embedded wood wall tile spacing is too large or wood tile loose, switch vibration hollowing and cracks around the door and window frames. Should be attached to the door frame Assembly process, should be responsible.
6.1.2 basic cleaning not clean or mishandling; watering through the wall, water quickly after plastering mortar base (or ash) absorption, affect adhesion. Careful cleaning and should be watered in advance, the brick walls may God watered in advance, generally watering two times, so that the water depth wall to reach 8~10MM that meets the requirements.
6.1.3 basic large deviation, a plaster layer too thick, larger shrinkage cracks. Layered flat every thickness of direct 7~9mm.
6.1.4 preparation of mortar and quality does not meet the requirements of raw materials, or improper use, should be based on the primary preparation of mortar needed and to strengthen the management of raw materials and mix plaster parts.
6.2 plastering layer blister, stripes, burst ash, flowering:
6.2.1 after you wipe the cover gray, light work too tightly, mortars have not received water, popping after calendering, the grass-roots level is a concrete roof and walls are common.
6.2.2 ash too dry, wipe the surface after the ashes, water is sucked by bottom ash, calendering prone to lines or leaks.
6.2.3 when making cream lime, filter the underfire ash, fire ash particles and impurities is not complete, gypsum mortar curing time is not enough, after plastering water or damp lime particles in the ash will continue to ripen, volume expansion caused by plastering the surface blast ash, flowering occurs.
6.3 plastered surface rough, angle not perpendicular, not founder of yin and Yang: plaster carefully thread, ash cakes and screed Strip, Chong tendons, hub of tendons, Shun yin and Yang corner bars, looking for rules.
6.4 jambs, walls, skirting, Dado and other Cha clear or color overlay ash inconsistency: note to cover gray construction joints, construction joints should remain in the compartment and door and window frames, Yin corner edge; Interior in case of construction hole, left wall of methods can be used.
6.5 the skirting, Dado and hands out the wall sill plate thickness of cement is inconsistent, catchy Burr and the quarrel is not party: operation will be fine, according to specifications to hang vertically, straight, pulling attempt to find, after wiping out ash, to break the feet flat, bearing catchy.
6.6 heating tank two pilaster plastering the window up and down is not good: standard hanging straight.
Plastering after 6.7 pipe inside, not only, it tube cracks and so on: according to specifications laid over the wall sleeve, it tube plaster prepare special tool (long), and meticulous work that is able to overcome.
6.8 no strength of cement surface, the surface does not really: caused by dehydration or early night gray, to strengthen management.
7 quality records
This standard shall meet the following quality records:
7.1 cement factory prove and test reports.
7.2 should have material proof of sand and sediment control.
7.3 ground lime factory certificate.
7.4 107 adhesive product certification.

7.5 quality inspection and assessment of records.

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