1 scope
This technology is applicable to
grass-roots in the concrete wall and roof, the senior plastering.
2 construction preparation
2.1 materials and equipment:
2.1.1 cement: No. 325 slag Portland or
Portland cement. Factory-certified or retest when shipped more than three
months or have wet cement, according to test results.
2.1.2 sand: sand, average particle size for
0.35~0.5mm, 5mm aperture of sieve before use. Must not have grass-roots and
other debris.
2.1.3 lime cream: massive lime cream,
shower system must be not more than Aperture 3mmx3mm sieve filters, and stored
in a settling tank. Curing time at ambient temperature of not less than 15D
when used to cover, not be less than 30D. When using lime paste may contain
particles and other impurities that are not cured.
2.1.4 pulverized quicklime: their fineness
through the 4900 hole/cm2 of screening. Full with water before curing, curing
time should be more than 3D.
2.1.5 paper reinforced white bar or toilet
paper bar, three weeks before using water-soaked and beat to mix the synthetic
paste, require clean, delicate, or can be made into pulp.
2.1.6 Ma DAO: must be flexible, dry, free
of impurities, approximately 10~30mm in length, use 4~5d before beating loose,
with lime cream set.
2.1.7 polyethylene acid formaldehyde: 107
gum.
2.1.8 main machines: mortar mixer, and
paper reinforced gray mixer, and scales, and aperture 5mm sieve, and narrow
trolleys, and iron, and shovel, and flat spade, and big barrels, and gray slot,
and hose, and water spoon, and gray spoon, and small bucket, and watering can,
and supporting gray Board, and wood wipe child, and iron wipe child, and Yin
(Yang) angle wipe child, and plastic wipe child, and big bar, and in the bar,
and 2m by feet Board, and supporting Board, and horoscopes feet, and 5~7mm
thick party mouth by feet, and soft scraping feet, and feet, and iron business
level feet, and box feet, and wire brush, and hairy brush, and chicken leg
brush, and broom, and pink package, and small white line, and Cold chisel,
hammer, pliers, nails, steel clamp, wire pendant, rubber shoes, tool bags etc.
2.2 operating conditions:
2.2.1 subject to the relevant authorities
for construction quality acceptance of structures and qualified before
plastering. And elastic 50cm horizontal lines.
2.2.2 prior to plastering, check for proper
door and window frames, a solid connection with the wall. Joint density of
cement mortar layer impaction of the gap 1:3, if the gap is large, should be
mixed with a small amount of mortar Ma DAO impaction dense. Door nails set
planks or metal protection. Aluminum alloy door and window frame edges with
jointing materials should comply with the design requirements and plug the
compact and paste protective film in advance.
Before 2.2.3, and plastering the walls
should be finished with a layer of ground and the ground.
2.2.4 the piping through the hole in the
wall and floor holes should be promptly placed casing and 1:3 cement mortar or
concrete bean filling density; boxes of wires and pipes, fire hydrants,
distribution boxes are installed, and Lomond part nailed behind wire mesh
junction boxes with paper jam.
2.2.5 closets embedded ironwork, door
frames and other positions and levels should be accurate, and anti-corrosion,
anti-rust treatment.
2.2.6 under interior height and plastering
site specific conditions, set plaster operations in advance with the high stool
and shelf, shelf left wall and corner 200~250mm to facilitate the operation.
2.2.7 winter thaw measures should be taken
prior to the grass-roots level until it is fully thawed and indoor temperatures
remain above 5 c, can be carried out indoor, and plastering the walls. Not in
negative temperature and freezing, and plastering the walls.
2.2.8 the concrete walls and roof should be
protruding parts such as tick, honeycomb, pockmarked face, exposed ribs should
tick into practice, use 1:3 cement mortar layer fill, remove exposed steel bars
and wire the first prior.
2.2.9 before the plaster with a broom to
clean roof, wall, such as oil or powder release agent, 10% caustic soda water
cleaning, rinsing, or with a wire brush to thoroughly clean.
2.2.10 plastering the previous day, walls,
watering should be moist, plastered with a broom again drenching or spraying
water when moist.
3 operational processes
3.1 process:
3.1.1 concrete roof plaster:
Scaffolding → base → line,
square, looking for rules → Middle bottom ash → ash → ash cover
3.1.2 plastering concrete walls:
Base treatment → hanging
straight, square, looking for rules, and gray pie → wall
surface reinforcement (sets the standard bar) → corner →
Green cement sill plate → green
Middle bottom ash → ash → ash cement mortar overlays (including cement skirting, Dado) →
Wall mask face gray →
conservation
3.2 joint treatment of the roof: the convex
part of the out pouring of concrete and debris, and then with a brush dipped in
water to clean debris and dust on the surface, brush 10% 107 adhesive mud mixed
with water consumption, followed by 1:0.3:3 mixing mortar joints smooth,
thick-layered every thickness should be in 5~7mm.
3.3 concrete roof cement mortar, mixed
mortar:
3.3.1 scaffolding: paved after the backout,
about from the roof high 1.5M.
3.3.2 base treatment by first projecting
concrete tick, on top of concrete of steel formwork should be cutting hair, and
wire brush to brush again, water wetter. If the concrete surface is very
smooth, can also take the following "hair treatment ° approach, that is
clean from dust and dirt on the surface, 10% caustic soda water to the top
surface of the oil to brush off, with the lye with water rinse and dry. Fine
then 1:1 cement mortar mixed with water by 20% 107 glue, spray or mortar with a
broom into the top left should be uniform, after the final set water
conservation until lumps all covered with cement mortar on the concrete
surface, and has a higher strength (break with one fixed).
3.3.3 line, sets, find rules: 50cm
horizontal line find out close to the roof around the flat line, horizontal
line of control as a roof plaster.
3.3.4 wipe end of gray: in roof concrete
wet of situation Xia, first brush 107 rubber pigment water mud a (within mixed
water 10% of 107 rubber, w/c for 0.4~0.5), with brush with playing end of; end
of gray used 1:3 cement mortar (or 1:0.3:3 mixed mortar) playing end of,
thickness for 5mm, operation Shi needed forced pressure, to will end of gray
squeeze into roof small pore in the; with soft scraping feet scraping wipe
Niki, with wood wipe child rub flat rub hair.
3.3.5 cover gray: at about six or seven dry
bottom ash, ash can overlay; cover gray with 1:2.5 mortar or cement 1:0.3:2.5
cement mortar, the thickness of 5mm. When the first top and moist and thin
together with ground floor gray grip scraping, immediately wipe it again,
anyway, Niki, with an iron trowel calendering, pressing.
3.4 concrete roof mixed mortar reinforced
gray paper overlay:
3.4.1~3.4.3 concrete roof with cement
mortar.
3.4.4 bottom ash: in the case of wet
concrete roof, brush 107 plastic pigment slurry (10% 107 glue mixed with
water), with the brush base; end of bottom ash with 1:0.5:1 cement-Lime plaster
mortar, the thickness of 2mm operation when pressed, grey-squeezed into the
small pores of the roof at the end of it.
3.4.5 middle gray: wipe bottom ashes
follows the second time 1:3:9 mix mortar, middle gray around the thickness of
6mm, green finished with a soft Derby scratch green Niki, rub wood trowel flat.
3.4.6 paper reinforced cover grey: second
ashes up to six or seven dry, cover gray; cover ash twice survived, about 2mm.
First overlay gray, the thinner the better; followed by a second time, to
leveling; cover grey slightly dry, use plastic trowel smooth grain compaction,
and light.
3.5 concrete wall cement mortar:
3.5.1 base treatment: concrete roof with
cement mortar.
3.5.2 hanging straight, square, looking for
rules, and lime cake: depending on the primary surface is flat, vertical, upon
examination after the plastering layer thickness (drawing regular,
intermediate, advanced), but at least no one should be less than 7mm. Large
wall concavity to hierarchical operations. Line, feet, Latrun and other methods
posted ash cake, looking for a vertical support Board, ash cakes as evidence of
the skirting board. Gray square cake should be made 5cm 1:3 cement mortar,
horizontal distance is about 1.2~1.5M or so.
3.5.3 wall surface reinforcement (sets the
standard bar): according to a pie with 1:3 cement mortar flush with the plaster
layer of the same muscle (muscle), Chong tendons should be decided according to
the height or width of the room, bar width of 5cm.
3.5.4 corner: according to pie and screed
Strip, at first, numbness of the mouth and the wall doors and Windows.
Cylindrical corner wipe out cement corner; 1:3 cement mortar base, slightly dry
mortar, then the plain cement poured into small rounded corners. Also available
1:2 or 1:0.3:2.5 cement mortar made out of cement mortar corner, its height
should not be less than 2m, on each side of a width not less than 50mm.
Concrete corner at the same time, 1:3 cement mortar or 1:1:6 cement mortar mix
there are two over the doors and Windows and soft face scratch coat. As the
window width is less than 100mm, also available at the completion of the cement
at the corner.
3.5.5 cement sill plate: first clean up the
window base, again break and loose brick mortar repair, pour water, solid stone
concrete pavers and 1:2:3 bean, of a thickness of not less than 2.5cm. Next day
another of 10% 107 rubber cement mixed with water consumption, followed by
1:2.5 cement mortar layer, pressing, calendering, water conservation 2~3D.
Wanting to request straight, without burrs.
3.5.6 bottom ash: generally should be
plastering the walls with water to soak the day before, and in the case of
concrete wall surface moist. First brush 107 rubber pigment water mud a (within
mixed water 10% of 107 rubber), with brush with playing end of; end of gray used
1:3 cement mortar (or 1:0.3:3 mixed mortar, w/c for 0.4~0.5) playing end of,
thickness for 13mm, each again thickness should be in 5~7mm, should layered
points again and by rushed reinforced wipe flat, with big bar scraping flat
find straight, wood wipe child rub flat rub hair.
3.5.7 cement mortar overlays gray: the
underlying mortar after the second day, after the first wall surface moist, you
can cover gray. Cover gray with 1:2.5 mortar or cement 1:0.3:2.5 cement mortar
thickness 5~8mm. Before plastering to scrape a thin gray grip at the bottom,
followed by the second, with big bumper scrape straight, with an iron trowel
compaction.
3.5.8 cement skirting board or cement Dado:
first brush of 10% 107 glue a cement slurry mixed with water consumption,
followed by 1:3 cement mortar bottom rub surface with a wood float, 1:2.5
cement mortar for surface pressure, bulging grey wall surface 5~7mm (pay
attention to the wall thickness, it tastes good and straight, smooth).
3.5.9 upon completion of ash attention to
water conservation, prevention of hollowing cracks.
3.6 reinforced concrete wall mixed mortar,
of paper dust cover:
3.6.1~3.6.5 practice of concrete walls with
cement mortar.
3.6.6 wipe end of gray: General should in
wipe gray day water put wall surface poured through, then in concrete wall
surface wet of situation Xia, first brush 107 rubber pigment water mud a
(within mixed water 10% of 107 rubber), with brush with playing end of; end of
gray used 1:3:9 cement lime cream mortar playing end of, thickness, intermediate
wipe gray for 7mm (senior for 11mm), each again thickness should be in 5~7mm,
should layered points again wipe, with big bar scraping flat find straight,
wood wipe child rub flat rub hair.
3.6.7 Middle mortar: wipe bottom ash
follows the second 1:3:9 cement mortar, middle managers grey thickness of 7mm,
then uses the big bumper scrape, rub wood trowel flat, after wiping out ash
conservation. And then with a supporting Board overhaul middle gray is
vertical, flat, angle of yin and Yang is founder, straight, tube with internal
corner junction, wall and roof junction is flat and smooth. Skirting, Dado head
cement radiator behind and pipes shall be cleaned up in a timely manner.
3.6.8 practices with concrete wall cement
mortar 3.5.8.
3.6.9 paper towels-gluten dry ash: Middle
grey at around six or seven, you can begin to cover grey paper reinforcement
(such as middle managers grey when dry, should be sufficient watering moist).
Cover gray twice survived, about 2mm, best two people simultaneously, a thin
man shave it again; another is smoothed. After the order on the first and then
pressure really, and a steel trowel again, plastic trowel smooth lines for last
light, ash immediately with a brush dipped in water to cover pollution clean
cleaning such as window boxes.
Winter construction of 3.7:
3.7.1 winter construction, measures should
be taken. When applied, temperature should not be lower than 5 ° c of the
mortar. Ambient temperature + 5 c. Minimum stay above 0 c.
3.7.2 mortar plastering layer's early
hardening without freezing. Painted wall plaster, not mixed with salt and
calcium chloride.
3.7.3 freezing masonry walls, Interior
plaster walls thawed, can be carried out.
3.7.4 winter construction, the plaster
layer can be installed using hot air or accelerated drying of a chimney fire.
When using hot air, ventilation equipment should be established to exclude
moisture. Should have special responsibility for timing at switch Windows and
doors to enhance ventilation and moisture removal.
4 quality criteria
4.1 project:
Indoor concrete wall, 4.1.1 plastering
materials, quality must comply with the design requirements and the provisions
of the existing material standards.
4.1.2 the plaster layer and must bond
between plaster layer and the substrate, no delamination, empty drum surface
blasting dust and crack-free (except the wind shake) and other defects.
4.2 Basic project:
4.2.1 surface:
Intermediate plasters: smooth, clean
surface, Cha flat, corners straight and clear.
Advanced plastering: the surface is smooth,
clean, uniform color, no lines, and gray line straight line angle square, clear
and beautiful.
4.2.2 corner, door gap between frame and
wall: corner meets the construction requirements, the surface is smooth,
smooth; gap between the door and window frames and wall packing density,
surface roughness.
4.2.3 holes, slots, plastering the surface
behind the boxes and pipes: the correct size, orderly, smooth edges; pipes
behind the flat.
Section 4.2.4 (seam): width, depth, uniform
(seam) is smooth, Leng corners neatly, horizontal even vertical, smooth.
4.3 allowable deviation, as shown in table
9-4.
Concrete walls, plastering tolerance table
9-4
Tolerance (mm) test method
Intermediate advanced
1 façade vertical 5 3 2m supporting plate
check
2 surface flat 4 2 2m m on foot and wedged
feeler Gage check
2m angle vertical 4 2 3 Yin and Yang of
care with Board examination
4 corner founder of yin and Yang of 4 2
20cm feet and wedge feeler Gage check
5 points (seams) straight and standard 3-5M
line check
5 finished product protection
5.1 prior to the door before the plaster
frame cracks at the connection with the wall with cement mortar block density
(determined by the design of aluminium alloy door and window frame caulking
material and paste protective film beforehand), the nail is located at the
entrance of Tin or wood protection.
5.2 push cart or carry something, be
careful not to touch the bad mouth and walls. Plastering of the staves and
shovels to not put it on the wall, do not pedal step on the window sill and
prevent damage to its edges.
5.3 removing scaffolding when you're down
with care, removal of material to be neatly, don't crash, such as doors, walls
and spat.
5.4 to protect embedded in the wall,
curtain hooks, wire ducts. Boxes, plumbing equipment and reserve holes, not to
die.
5.5 before the plaster layer of hardening,
should prevent the quick-drying, water, impact, vibration and compression to
ensure ash layers have enough strength.
5.6 to protect floors, floor drain,
prohibition on the ground mixed with ash and stacking mortar, directly on the
ground.
6 quality problems to be noticed
6.1 jambs, walls, skirting, Dado and catchy
plaster hollow, crack:
6.1.1 two fortress gray door and window
frames tight, and embedded wood wall tile spacing is too large or wood tile
loose, switch vibration hollowing and cracks around the door and window frames.
Should be attached to the door frame Assembly process, should be responsible.
6.1.2 basic cleaning not clean or
mishandling; watering through the wall, water quickly after plastering mortar
base (or ash) absorption, affect adhesion. Careful cleaning and should be
watered in advance, the brick walls may God watered in advance, generally
watering two times, so that the water depth wall to reach 8~10MM that meets the
requirements.
6.1.3 basic large deviation, a plaster
layer too thick, larger shrinkage cracks. Layered flat every thickness of
direct 7~9mm.
6.1.4 preparation of mortar and quality
does not meet the requirements of raw materials, or improper use, should be
based on the primary preparation of mortar needed and to strengthen the
management of raw materials and mix plaster parts.
6.2 plastering layer blister, stripes,
burst ash, flowering:
6.2.1 after you wipe the cover gray, light
work too tightly, mortars have not received water, popping after calendering,
the grass-roots level is a concrete roof and walls are common.
6.2.2 ash too dry, wipe the surface after
the ashes, water is sucked by bottom ash, calendering prone to lines or leaks.
6.2.3 when making cream lime, filter the
underfire ash, fire ash particles and impurities is not complete, gypsum mortar
curing time is not enough, after plastering water or damp lime particles in the
ash will continue to ripen, volume expansion caused by plastering the surface
blast ash, flowering occurs.
6.3 plastered surface rough, angle not
perpendicular, not founder of yin and Yang: plaster carefully thread, ash cakes
and screed Strip, Chong tendons, hub of tendons, Shun yin and Yang corner bars,
looking for rules.
6.4 jambs, walls, skirting, Dado and other
Cha clear or color overlay ash inconsistency: note to cover gray construction
joints, construction joints should remain in the compartment and door and
window frames, Yin corner edge; Interior in case of construction hole, left
wall of methods can be used.
6.5 the skirting, Dado and hands out the
wall sill plate thickness of cement is inconsistent, catchy Burr and the quarrel
is not party: operation will be fine, according to specifications to hang
vertically, straight, pulling attempt to find, after wiping out ash, to break
the feet flat, bearing catchy.
6.6 heating tank two pilaster plastering
the window up and down is not good: standard hanging straight.
Plastering after 6.7 pipe inside, not only,
it tube cracks and so on: according to specifications laid over the wall
sleeve, it tube plaster prepare special tool (long), and meticulous work that
is able to overcome.
6.8 no strength of cement surface, the
surface does not really: caused by dehydration or early night gray, to
strengthen management.
7 quality records
This standard shall meet the following
quality records:
7.1 cement factory prove and test reports.
7.2 should have material proof of sand and
sediment control.
7.3 ground lime factory certificate.
7.4 107 adhesive product certification.
7.5 quality inspection and assessment of
records.
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