Brick masonry technology

1 scope

This technology is applicable to general industry and civil construction brick, outside the brick mold brick masonry engineering and anti-earthquake construction post.

2 construction preparation

2.1 materials and equipment:

2.1.1 brick: variety, strength class must conform to the design requirements, and factory certification, test. Dry wall brick color uniform, neat corners.

2.1.2 cement: varieties and markings should be based on location and environmental conditions in which the masonry, use No. 325 of ordinary Portland cement and slag Portland cement.

2.1.3 sand: sand, preparation of M5 mortar with sand clay content of not more than 10%,M5 mortar sand clay and above does not exceed 5%, 5mm aperture of sieve sieve before use.

2.1.4 admixtures: lime maturing period of not less than 7d, or fly ash;

2.1.5 other materials: wall tie bar and embedded parts should be brushing preservatives, wood bricks, and so on.

2.1.6 major machines; should be equipped with shovels, digging adzes, trowels, a fan and supporting plate, wire pendant, a small white line iron level, tape measure, ruler, counting rods, small bucket, ash grooves, grapple bucket, broom, etc.

2.2 operating conditions:

2.2.1 completion of backfill in outdoor and room, trench cover is installed.

2.2.2 finished ground and foundation engineering hidden procedures.

2.2.3 according to elevations well cement mortar damp proof course.

2.2.4 axis wall elasticity and good lines, according to approach the actual size of the brick, pop-up Windows and doors opening line, line meets the design requirements of experience, through pre-screening procedures.

Design elevation 2.2.5 request I be number, counting Rod spacing to 15~20m is appropriate.

2.2.6 mortar by laboratory test, testing of ready mortar (6 as a set).

3 operational processes

3.1 process:

Mortar mixing

↓

Ready → water → → brick masonry brick wall test assessment

3.2 brick water: clay bricks in masonry must water the day before humid, General water into the brick-sided 1.5M is appropriate, water 10%~15%, construction must not be used at room temperature on the brick wall; the rainy season reached saturation point of water shall not be used with brick walls; winter watering with difficulty, must be appropriately increased mortar consistency.

3.3 mixing of mortar: mortar mix should be used to weight ratio, measuring accuracy ± 2% cement, sand, gypsum mortar control within ± 5%. Suitable for mechanical mixing and stirring time no less than 1.5min.

3.4 build brick walls:

3.4.1 unit masonry method: masonry generally Shun Ding (Man Ding, full article), diced plum or a three-building method. Brick column should not be used to build four weeks after filling the heart of building method.

3.4.2 late laying brick pile (dry-laid brick): General first-story brick pile at the end of the wall, rows of small brick two Gables, eaves before and after vertical wall tiles. Line the jambs according to play position, carefully check the wall between Liao, stack size, their length in line with rows of brick module, if it does not meet when the module, move around the position of the door. If there are broken live, seven separate or small brick should be ranked in the middle of the window, with a pilaster or other inconspicuous parts. When you move the window position, should pay attention to heating and plumbing pipe installation and when doors and Windows are not affected. In addition, should also be considered when laying brick on brick wall on the top of the window when closing the door does not appear broken. So when laying brick must do all things considered, when the brick wall the first row before and after skin, consider dumped Windows and masonry brick, window corners must be seven is to live separately.

3.4.3 optional brick masonry drywall edges should be selected in order, any bent, cracked, uniform color, basically the same specifications of the brick. When hit with loud, roasted over the fire color variants available in base and does not affect the appearance of the brick wall.

3.4.4 wheel angle: bricklaying should be preceded by angle, wheel angle not more than five at a time, new Horn, crane, in a timely manner. If there is deviation in time dressing. To carefully control point counting the brick layer and elevation of the pole, control the mortar joint sizes, uniform horizontal mortar joints. Good horns and reviewed again, flat and vertical in full compliance with the requirements, and then hang drywall.

3.4.5 hanging line: masonry a brick half wall must double hanging line, if long wall several per capita using a root pass line, Middle should set several extension points, small line to pulled tight, each layer brick are to thread see flat, makes level sewing uniform consistent, flat through Shun; masonry a brick thick mixed water wall times used offside hanging line, can care brick walls on both sides flat, for Xia road process control wipe gray thickness lay based.

3.4.6 brick: bricks should be used a shovel ashes, a brick, a squeezing rubbing "31" masonry method, that is full of shops, extrusion method. Masonry bricks should be placed flat. Were holding hands high, the wall; lower were holding hands, the wall is back. Masonry must be used with the line, "with the line, with ribs under left and right adjacent to the flat". Thickness of horizontal mortar joint width and vertical mortar joints is generally 10MM, but should not be less than 8mm, and should not be greater than 12mm. In order to ensure dry wall seam vertical, and did not tour the small joints, when you are finished building one step higher, suitable for every 2m space in small brick vertical cord to position playing the two vertical vertical line can control You Ding seam. In the course of operation, has to carry out a self-test, if biased, should be corrected at any time. Hit the wall is strictly prohibited. Dry wall is not allowed to have three separate, any of the wood in the upper comes alive, out of joint. Masonry mortar mixed with used mortar must be used up within 3h, cement mortar must be used up within 4H, you may not use the night mortars. Dry wall should be built with masonry, and

With seam, seam depth of 8~10MM and depth, the walls clean. Ash mixed with water wall with masonry with the tongue scraper.

3.4.7 Cha: exterior wall corners should be built. Inner and outer wall junction must remain oblique Cha, Cha 2/3 of length should not be less than the wall height, Cha must be flat and smooth. Segment location should be in slot or window a quarrel, partition walls or columns are not built at the same time, may keep the Cha and Yang embedded tie bar. High along the wall according to the design requirements of each embedded φ 6 50cm steel 2 ribs, cut into the length starting from the wall at Cha, generally not less than 50cm on each side, plus 90 ° hooked at the end. Construction hole should also be required to remain above horizontal tie bar. Wall vertical brick skew tunnel jam.

3.4.8 reserved holes and wooden bricks wall tie bar: wooden bricks embedded should head out, big, according to opening height. Cave high in the 1.2m, put 2 pieces on each side, high l.2~2m, 3 pieces on each side, high 2~3M, 4 on each side, embedded parts of the wooden block in the hole above or below four bricks, evenly distributed. Wooden block to get embalmed. Steel doors and Windows installed reserved hole. Hard frame formwork, heating and plumbing pipes, according to design requirements should be set aside, not pick your cut. Wall tie bar position, specifications, quantity, spacing shall be retained according to design requirements should not be misplaced, left.

3.4.9 pad installed beams, beam: when the beam, beam pad is installed, its elevation, location, and type must be accurate, gray full. Ash thickness exceeding 2cm, concrete paving with bean, beam installation, is supported at both ends should be consistent in length.

3.4.10 structural column procedure: where there is no structural columns works in front of the brick, line according to the design drawings of constructional column and reinforcing structural column straightening out straight. When the brick masonry, connected with the structural columns at the Cha built horse teeth. Each size should not exceed the height of Ma ya Cha 30cm (that is, five tiles). Ma ya Cha should back off. Tie bar placed according to design requirements, design requirements, the General 50cm set 2 pieces along walls of φ 6 horizontal tie bar on each side wall should not be less than 1M.

Winter construction of 3.5: in anticipation of continuous 10d by average temperatures below + 5 c or when the minimum temperature lower than-3 ° c on the day that is entering the winter construction. Winter use of brick, requires that clears Frost before laying. Cement should be treated with ordinary Portland cement, gypsum mortar antifreeze, has been behind the Frost to melt can be used. Shall not contain more than 1cm block of frost in the sand, material when heated sand heating not heating water not more than 80 ℃ 40 ℃. Brick is due water, temperature, negative temperature that should be stopped. May be appropriate to increase consistency of mortar. Should not be used without Portland cement mortar in winter. When mixed with salt in a mortar, Baume hydrometers check the concentration of salt solution. But for insulation, thermal insulation or decorating projects with special requirements shall not be mixed with salt, mortar, using temperature should not fall below + 5 ° c, mixed content should be consistent with provisions of the winter programme. When mixed with salt, mortar and masonry reinforcement should be done in advance in anti-corrosion treatment, coating paint two.

4 quality criteria

4.1 project:

4.1.1 brick variety, strength class must meet the design requirements.

4.1.2 variety and strength of the mortar should comply with the design requirements. The same group, same strength grade mortar sample average compressive strength of not less than the design strength, the strength of any group block value is greater than the design strength of the bottom 75%.

4.1.3 masonry mortar must be compacted full, solid brick masonry mortar for horizontal mortar joints full of not less than 80%.

4.1.4 wall corner straight Cha is prohibited, other temporary break Cha practices must comply with the regulations.

4.2 Basic project:

4.2.1 masonry joints, brick, Duo Pack heart building law: no seams between walls and dry wall surface of the window; mixed with water wall of every room (Office) 4 bricks-free joints (seams brick refers to the upper and lower skin lap length is less than 25mm).

4.2.2 brick masonry mortars at the Cha should be dense, straight joints, bricks, each Cha site thickness of horizontal mortar joint is less than 5mm or clear defects does not exceed 5.

4.2.3 embedded reinforcement of quantity, length comply with design requirements and specifications provided, retaining pitch deviation of not more than one brick;

4.2.4 column retained the right, MA ya Cha to step back into the straight up and down, and residue clean mortar.

4.2.5 drywall Group built properly, sew smooth, scraping seam depth appropriate, consistent, Leng corners neatly, the walls are clean and beautiful.

4.3 allowable deviation, as shown in table 6-2.

Table 6-2

Tolerance (mm) method

1 axis offset 10 using a theodolite or cable and check

2 base and the wall and top level ± 15 level foot check

Check every 5 2m supporting plate

3

Vertical ≤ 10m 10

>10m 20 with Theodolites or hanging and foot check

Dry wall, column 5

Surface flatness water wall and column 8 2m m on foot and wedged feeler Gage check

Dry wall 7

Horizontal mortar joints straight mixed with water wall 10

6 cement, mortar joint thickness (10 cumulative number of bricks) ± 8 and counting Rod size check

7 20 hanging drywall You Ding joints and standard checks, subject to the first brick at the bottom

Door hole width ¡à 5

(Rear) door height +15 (-5) foot check

9 reserved column (width and depth) ± 10 ' check

10 outer walls and lower window offset 20 using a theodolite or wait for check, subject to the window at the bottom

5 finished product protection

5.1 wall tie bar, anti-earthquake construction post reinforcement and formwork concrete wall with steel bars and a variety of embedded parts, heating and plumbing, electrical, pipeline and so on, should be protected, not arbitrarily demolition or damage.

5.2 mortar consistency should be appropriate, walls should be protected from splashed mortar wall surface.

5.3 at hanging scaffold platform or install large template, command staff and the crane driver to command and operation carefully to prevent collision has built a brick wall.

5.4 high frame around the inlet, applications, such as plastic or wood cover, keep the walls clean.

5.5 wall of floor or roof panel and the column is not already installed, when you may encounter when Gale, temporary support measures should be taken in order to guarantee the stability of walls in the construction.

6 quality problems to be noticed

6.1 the foundation wall and upper wall dislocation: the foundation brick pile bottom to the right, closed back angle to be equal on both sides, back to the wall to check for the right axis and the line before, such as smaller deviations can be corrected at the base site, not in moisture-proof layer above or back out.

6.2 water wall You Ding go sewing: row brick Shi must put State sewing row uniform, masonry finished a step frame height, each across 2m spacing in d brick State stared blankly at with supporting Board hanging straight play line, two step frame to Shang continues to hanging straight play pink, by end of column Shang all seven separately of length should keep consistent, upper points window location Shi will with Xia window keep vertical.

6.3 mortar joint sizes are not uniform: State level to ensure consistent, mortar joints to master even when the wheel angle, brick little line taut, prevent a layer of loose, a layer of wire tightly.

6.4 window upper vertical seam: drywall when laying brick and Duo line, to make the walls between Windows, live, live in the Middle, or not be visible, when in the first row on the brick masonry beam, are not free to live.

6.5 wall bulge: the brick mold at the wall, in-wall, earthquake-resistant columns on either side of the window upper, middle and lower left 6cmx12cm through hole, wood on the wall outside the earthquake-resistant columns template, with a TURNBUCKLE with a large template securely attached. Stratified placement of concrete, vibrator must not directly touch the outside wall. Three 12cm brick wall outside floor beams should also be seriously strengthened. As vibration found brick wall is bulging, was built should be promptly removed.

6.6 mixed with water wall roughness: Ash does not scrape the tongue, used two quarters collection, resulting in seams; a thick brick wall back larger deviations; brick split-level caused wall screws. Two quarters should be spread on the walls of the larger surface. Ground floor or first floor check counting poles of brick elevations and floor to prevent top wall masonry screws. One brick thick walls should be the right-hand side thread.

6.7 structure column at masonry not meet requirements: structure column brick walls should masonry into big horse teeth Cha, set good pulled knot reinforced, from column feet began sides are should first back into, dang chisel deep 12cm Shi, should be catchy a skin into 6cm, again Shang a skin into 12cm, to guarantee concrete pouring Shi Shang angle dense structure column within of landing gray, and brick slag debris must cleanup clean, prevent concrete within Clip slag.

7 quality records

This standard shall meet the following quality records:

7.1 material (brick, cement, sand, steel, etc) certificate and retest report of the factory.

7.2 mortar summary test report.

7.3 quality inspection and assessment of the project.

7.4 hidden inspection, inspection records.

7.5 winter construction records.

7.6 design change and record of negotiation.

7.7 other technical documents.