1 scope
This technology is applicable for industrial and civil
construction, concrete equipment Foundation in General.
2 construction preparation
2.1 materials and equipment:
2.1.1 cement: Yi 325~425, slag Portland cement or Portland cement.
2.1.2 sand: medium and coarse sand, clay
is less than 5%.
2.1.3 the gravel: gravel or crushed
rock, size 0.5~3.2cm, clay is less than 2%.
2.1.4 water: tap
water or clean water that contains no harmful substances.
2.1.5 admixture, admixture: its variety and volume. Should
be based on need, determined through experiments
2.1.6 major equipment: mixer, the scales should
be available, trolley or dump truck, shovel (pointed, flat), the vibrator (bar or plate-type), scratch poles, wood float, barrels or chute, hose,
etc.
2.2 operating conditions:
2.2.1 basic axis size, basement elevation and geological conditions are checked and should
be done hidden procedures.
2.2.2 Installing template has been checked and meets the design requirements, and through pre-screening procedures.
2.2.3 on the trough, wall or flat on the concrete markers on the template. Larger base or step-based, should
be set level or play online.
2.2.4 buried in basic steel, bolts and embedded parts, equipment, pipelines have been installed, and after checking the relevant departments, and through hidden procedures.
2.2.5 laboratories determine the concrete mix, and after verification by, adjusting the first set of concrete materials consumption, technical instructions and try to mix. Meanwhile prepare concrete test mode.
3 operational processes
Process flow:
Slot in the base or template cleanup → mix → concrete pouring of concrete levelingconcrete vibrated concrete → → →
Concrete curing
3.2 cleaning: on the ground or soil, clear the mud and debris, and waterproofing and drainage measures. Application for dry-soil water wet, where
there is no water on the surface. Remove trash, dirt and
other debris inside the template, and water wetting the wood template, plug the seams and holes.
3.3 concrete mixing: carefully according to
the concrete mix feed in the background;each disc mixing
procedure for gravel-cement sand → (admixture) → water (additive) →. Strict control of water, stirring, mixing time in the 90s.
3.4 concrete pouring:
3.4.1 the feed opening of the concrete from the pouring of the concrete surface height must
not exceed 2m, liberal leaning down over 2m, the barrel should
be used, or chute.
3.4.2 the pouring of
the concrete layer continuous, lift height for vibrators part length of 1.25 times, maximum thickness of no more
than 50cm.
3.4.3 the use of vibrating
needle quickly inserted slowly remove, insert points should
be uniformly arranged, point-by-point move, the order shall
not be omitted, so that vibration compacting. Mobile space with
a little Yu Zhen tamp in the radius of 1.5times. Vibrating on a layer, should
be inserted in the lower 5cm, to eliminate the seam between the two layers. Mobile space vibrating Board, should ensure the vibratorplate covers have vibrating edges.
3.4.4 when pouring concrete, you
cannot, if more than 2H above, shall be prescribed by the specification
for design and construction liens construction joints.
3.4.5 when pouring concrete, you should always observe the template, brackets, bolts, pipe and reserve holes, embedded with or
without conditions, when there is distortion or displacement, should immediately stop pouring, and timely repair and reinforcement template, full processing is completed, and then continue
to pour concrete.
3.4.6 after vibration compacting of concrete, wooden staves, scraping the surface, rub wood trowel flat.
3.4.7 the curing of concrete: concrete pouring rubbing after the flat, should be covered about 12h and sprinkler, watering frequency should
be enough to keep concretemoist State. Curing period of not less
than 7 days and nights.
3.4.8 when rain, winter, open-air concrete seasonal construction plan shall
be prepared and take effective measures to ensure the quality of concrete, and shall
not be any construction.
4 quality criteria
4.1 project:
4.1.1 concrete used in cement, aggregate, water, additives and
other provisions must conform to the relevant specifications and standards.
4.1.2 concrete mix
proportion and materials measuring, mixing, conservation and treatment of construction joints must comply
with the provisions of the code.
4.1.3 evaluation of concrete strength of blocks must
be in accordance with the standards of inspection and evaluation of concrete strength (GBJ107-87), sampling, production, maintenance and testing, which must comply
with the provisions of the code.
4.2 Basic project:
4.2.1 vibration compacting. Cellular area a is
not greater than 400cm2, and today is not more than 800cm2, no holes.
4.2.2 no cracks no slag layer.
4.2.3 when the underlying surface with slope, slope should
be correct, no slope phenomenon.
4.3 allowable deviation, as shown in table 2-13.
5 finished
product protection
5.1 to ensure the reinforcement and embedded parts and embedded bolts, holes and line pipe is correctly positioned, not hit touch.
5.2 no heavy impact template, don't pitch in the hanging template scaffold, ensure firm and strict template.
5.3 side template should
be on concrete strength can ensure their edges without stripping, and the damage, before stripping.
5.4 in the pouring of the concrete strength is above 1.2MPa, on which you can walk and upper
part of the construction.
5.5 in the concrete transportation, should protect the reserved equipment pipeline, the door holes, no collision damage.
5.6 a larger Foundation over the adjacent building Foundation depth, there
should be proper protection measures or programmes.
5.7 reserve holes according to design requirements, within the base, mounting boltsand embedded parts are not missed. To avoid tick after chiseling concrete foundation.
5.8 night-time construction, should arrange the construction sequence, be equipped
with adequate lighting, concrete mix weighing
Concrete equipment Foundation tolerance table 2-13
Project tolerance (mm) test method
Displacement of 1-axis (horizontal axis) ± 20 using a theodolite or drawing-scale check
+0-20 with 2 different planes of elevation level or drawing a foot check
Graphic dimensions ± 20 foot check
3 convex Planar shape on
the stage size + 0-20 ' check
Pocket size +
20-0 ' check
5 per metre with a level or horizontal ruler
All 10 and wedge-shaped feeler
Gage check
5 per metre with a theodolite or supporting
wire
An overall height of 10 and standard inspections
Elevation (top) +20-0 in the root, or top level
Center distance of ± 2 or drawing a foot check
Center line displacement ± 10 standard, both horizontal
and vertical direction check
7 +20,-0 standard embedded depth of anchor bolt hole size check
Vertical 10 hole aluminum hanging
wire or check
The elevation of +20-0
Center line displacement ± 5
Anchor plate flatness with a threaded hole 2
Slotted anchor plate flatness 5
Not allowed to prevent collisions of
various pipelines, templates, embedded parts and on-site facilities.
5.9 in winter construction of concrete surfaces should
be covered by insulation material to prevent the concrete frost.
6 quality problems to be noticed
6.1 not compacting: because the material is too thick, vibrating false or missing vibration roots, hanging template mortar pouring and
other reasons, resulting in cellular, voids or cavities; stripping early concrete sticks to the template, and may also result in pock
marks.
6.2 no concrete surface, elevation, size increases: because a horizontal line or small chunks are
not allowed, is not serious when leveling operation, less concrete laying too thick, spread too thin and
other causes.
6.3 basic axis displacement, bolt holes, and diaphragm displacement: main embedded parts is fixing improper, or pour concrete caused by
the collision, vibrator inserted when no.
6.4 exposed reinforcement: steel leakage or displacement of blocks, bars close to false templates or vibration, leak, and
the result will be exposed tendons.
6.5 crack slag: bad construction joint in concrete debris, mainly is caused
by not carefully cleaning the construction joints.
6.6 irregular cracks: base is too large, the internal temperature stress due to heat of hydration, upper
and lower concrete bad, conservation is not enough, or premature form stripping and
other causes.
7 quality records
This standard shall meet the following quality records
7.1 cement factory prove and retest proved.
Elevation of 7.2 template dimensions, axes, and preflight records.
7.3 concrete test application form and mix orders issued by
the laboratory.
7.4 28D compressive
strength of standard curing concrete block test report. Commercial concrete factory certificate.
7.5 embedded parts, bolts, anchor plates of product certification.
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