Solar water heating equipment and piping installation process

Solar water heating equipment and piping installation
1 scope
The technology standard is applicable to civil and general industrial building general flat straight tube type solar water heater and pipe installation.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material requirements:
2.1.1 type solar energy water heater in accordance with the design requirements. The finished product should be produce certificates.
2.1.2 collector material requirements:
2.1.2.1 transparent cover high requirements of shortwave solar radiation transmittance, reflection and absorption rate of long wave radiation, weather resistance, durability, good heat resistance, light weight and has certain strength. Appropriate USES 3 ~ 5 mm thick iron content of less toughened glass.
2.1.2.2 panels and surface area.the should be black paint, should have the climate resistance, adhesion, high strength.
2.1.2.3 area.the requires the high thermal conductivity, wall smooth, flow friction small, not easy to rust, no pollution water quality, high strength, good durability, easy processing of materials, appropriate USES of brass and stainless steel tube; General use galvanized carbon steel or alloy aluminum tube. Cartridge collector can use 2 ~ 3 mm thickness of plastic pipe (pvc-u), etc.
2.1.2.4 panels should have good thermal conductivity and durability, not easy to rust, appropriate USES aluminium alloy plate, aluminum plate, stainless steel plate or the corrosion process of plate.
2.1.2.5 collector should have insulation and shell, thermal insulation layer can use mineral cotton, glass cotton, foam, etc., the shell can use wood, steel, glass reinforced plastics, etc.
2.1.3 hot water system of pipes and pipe fittings should be galvanized carbon steel pipe and pipe fittings. Asking to see the second chapter.
2.2 the main equipment:
2.2.1 machinery: vertical lifting machine, set of silk machine, grinding wheel saws, electric hammer, electric drill, electric welding machine, electric hydraulic test pump etc.
2.2.2 tools: set of live wire plate, pipe wrench, wrench, hacksaw, pressure pliers, hammer, simmer bending machine, welding tools, etc.
2.2.3 other appliances: steel tape line, feet, square box, spirit level, fall, protractor, etc.
2.3 operation conditions:
2.3.1 set on the roof of the solar water heater, shall be installed after roof covering layer.
2.3.2 roof structure should be able to bear load new solar water heater equipment.
2.3.3 the solar energy water heater in the balcony, should be in the balcony column board installed with safety protection measures shall be performed.
2.3.4 solar water heater installation position, should guarantee the sufficient sunshine intensity.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
Installation readiness to support an installation, water heater equipment assembly and distribution pipe road to pipeline system pressure testing, installation

Piping system flushing or purge to temperature control instrument installation, pipeline corrosion protection, system debugging

3.2 installation preparation:
3.2.1 according to design requirements for unpacking check the specifications of the water heater model is correct, accessories are complete.
3.2.2 clean-up, painting line positioning.
3.3 support production installation, should be designed according to the detail, generally for the finished assembly at the scene. The support frame anchor plate installation should meet the design requirements.
3.4 the water heater equipment assembly:
3.4.1 track tube collector plate collector is now widely used, and the thermal storage tank, tilt installation. Collector glass installation should be well lap or box type connection.
3.4.2 collector installation location: in the northern hemisphere, is the best position of collector facing south, maximum offset Angle shall not be greater than 15 °.
Rule 3.4.3 collector: installation Angle should be used according to season and local latitude to determine the best Angle.
3.4.3.1 in spring, summer, autumn three season, when using Angle set using local latitude.
3.4.3.2 only when used in the summer, 10 ° Angle set is smaller than the local latitude.
3.4.3.3 use or for the whole year in the winter, when using only 10 ° Angle is larger than the local latitude.
3.4.4 directly heating thermal storage tank making installation:
3.4.4.1 water supply should lead to the bottom of the tank, can use make-up water tank or funnel water distribution.
3.4.4.2 hot water flowed from the upper water tank, have highly general over 50 ~ 100 mm lower than the circular tube on the import, to ensure that all the water tank is used, should be at the bottom of the tank after the upper pipe and hot water pipe in parallel.
3.4.4.3 circulation pipe connected to water tank on the top, generally lower than the tank top of about 200 mm, but to ensure the normal circulation submerged under water, and float valve after installation work.
3.4.4.4 under circular tube from the tank bottom, in order to prevent water tank sediment into the collector, the outlet should be higher than the bottom of the tank above 50 mm.
3.4.4.5 by collectors, fixation of pipe to the hot water tank on the circulation pipeline, should not be less than 0.005 grade.
3.4.4.6 tank shall be equipped with drain pipe, vent pipe, overflow and need of instrumentation.
3.4.4.7 heat storage water tank installation to ensure the normal circulation, hot water storage department must be higher than that of collector at the bottom of a peak above 200 mm, up and down outside the header is located in the collector should be higher than that of more than 600 mm.
3.4.5 road pipes installation
3.4.5.1 natural circulation system piping installation:
A. to reduce head loss, should try to shorten the length of the upper and lower circular pipe and reduce the number of elbow, should be used more than 4 times the radius of curvature, wall smooth elbow and downstream tee.
B should not be set on the pipeline valve.
C is set up in a few collectors, collectors can be parallel, series, or combination, but to ensure that the circulation flow uniform distribution, so as to prevent short circuit and stagnation, and the circulation line to symmetric installation, the cycle of the loop head loss of balance.
D to prevent gas resistance and viscous flow, the circulation line (including upper and lower header) installation shall not be less than 0.01 grade, so that the exhaust. Line a peak should establish ventilation tube or automatic exhaust valve.
E low circulation line system should add drain valve, all can make the system water drainage net. Each collector export should add thermometer.
3.4.5.2 mechanical circulation system suitable for large-scale water heater equipment. Installation requirements and natural circulation basic same, should also pay attention to the following:
A water pump installation should be able to meet the normal operation of 100 ℃ high temperature.
B or indirect heating system high should add expansion tube expansion tank.
3.4.6 hot water supply piping system installation with 1 to 2.
3.4.7 pipeline system pressure test, hydraulic test should be in before did not have heat preservation, the pressure value shall be the pipeline system working pressure of 1.5 times. Minimum not less than 0.5 MPa.
3.4.8 system pressure test should be done after flushing or blow off work, until will cleanse the dirt.
3.4.9 water heater system installed, before the completion of installation temperature control instrument according to the requirements of design.
3.4.10 according to design requirements to do a good job of anticorrosion and thermal insulation.
3.4.11 solar water heater system debugging and running, before completion of system filled with water, air, check the circulation line with or without gas resistance and stagnation, and the mechanical circulation pump running situation and examine whether the temperature rise of each circuit balancing, completes the temperature records, the temperature rise of the water through the collector should be commonly 3 ~ 5 ℃. Meets the requirements after the completion of the acceptance formalities.
4 quality standards
4.1 ensure projects:
4.4.1 solar water heater system hydrostatic test results and the thermal storage tank filled with water test must comply with the design requirements and the rules and regulations of construction.
Inspection method: inspect system test record and water tank filled with water test record.
4.1.2 solar water heater systems delivery must be to wash or purge before use.
Inspection method: inspect flush or purge records.
4.2 the basic items:
2 thermal storage tank bracket or base installation should lay flat and firm, comply with the design requirements, the size and position water tank and bracket close contact.
Inspection method: to observe the inspection and control design drawings.
4.2.2 tank paint shall be good adhesion, film thickness uniformity, colour and lustre is consistent, no flow and pollution phenomenon.
Inspection method: to observe the examination.
4.3 allowable deviation projects:
Allow the solar water heater installation deviation and inspection methods are shown in table l - 22.
The solar water heater installed allowable deviation and test methods - 22 in table 1
The project would allow deviation check method
The high center (mm) plus or minus 20 feet off the ground
Fixed installation toward the maximum deflection Angle > 15 ° degree instrument examination

5 finished product protection
5.1 collector should be protected in the process of transportation and installation, to prevent the glass broken.
5.2 temperature control instrument should be in before the completion of installation, to prevent the loss and damage.
5.3 the solar water heater in winter when not in use should be spill net system.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 the solar water heater heating effect is not good.
6.1.1 correctly adjust the installation position and Angle of the collector, guarantee the best sunshine intensity.
6.1.2 adjust up and down slope and shorten the pipe of the circular tube, prevent gas blocks the flow and to reduce the loss of resistance.
Also 6.1.3 solar water heater installation location should avoid the shadow of other buildings, guarantee the sufficient sunshine intensity.
6.1.4 solar water heater, when installation should be avoided in the chimney smoke facilities and other produce downwind, transparent cover to prevent dust pollution influence pervious to light.
6.1.5 the solar water heater should avoid tuyere, in order to reduce heat loss.
7 should possess the quality of the record
7.1 should have the materials and equipment factory certificate.
7.2 material and equipment in the inspection records.
7.3 piping system engineering.
7.4 piping system hidden inspection records.
7.5 pressure testing of piping system for record.
7.6 system flushing records.
7.7 heat storage water tank filled with water test record.
7.8 system debugging record.