Lightning protection and grounding installation
1 scope
The technology standard is applicable to building lightningproof grounding, protective grounding, grounding, repeat grounding and shielding grounding device installation.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material requirements:
2.1.1 galvanized steel, flat steel, Angle steel, round steel, steel tube, etc., meaning should be used when using cold galvanized or hot dipped galvanized materials, should comply with the regulations of design. The product should have the material certificate and the factory quality certificate.
2.1.2 galvanized accessories have lead wire (galvanized wire), bolts, washers, spring washers, U bolt, wing, support, etc.
2.1.3 electrode, oxygen, acetylene, bitumen paint, concrete lining, embedded iron, string cable, cement, sand, plastic pipe, red paint, white paint, anti-corrosion paint, silver powder, black paint, etc.
2.2 the main equipment:
2.2.1 electrician tools, commonly used hammer, steel hacksaw, saw blade, the pressure case, shovels, pickmattock, hammer, tamper barrel.
2.2.2 line falling, tape, rope, chalk line bag, Hank grinding (or chain), tightener, electric hammer, impact drill, electric welding machine, welding tools, etc.
2.3 operation conditions:
2.3.1 grounding system operation conditions:
2.3.1.1 according to the position of design field is cleaned.
2.3.1.2 slab reinforcement and column rebar connection tie up.
2.3.1.3 pile foundation reinforced with column rebar connection has tie down.
2.3.2 grounding main operating conditions:
2.3.2.1 stents installed.
2.3.2.2 protecting tube is embedded.
2.3.2.3 civil finished rendering.
2.3.3 bracket installation operation conditions:
2.3.3.1 various stents have been shipped to the site.
2.3.3.2 structural engineering has been completed.
2.3.3.3 outdoor must have a scaffold or gym.
2.3.4 lightning protection downlead dark laying operation conditions:
2.3.4.1 buildings (or structures) have scaffolding or gym, can reach people operating conditions.
2.3.4.2 advocate muscle is used as the down lead, finished steel binding.
2.3.5 lightning protection downlead Ming laying operation conditions:
2.3.5.1 stents installed.
2.3.5.2 buildings (or structures) scaffold or gym can reach people operating conditions.
2.3.5.3 civil outside decorates.
2.3.6 lightning protection zone and equalizing ring installation work conditions:
Civil ring beam reinforcement are binding, cooperation with the job.
2.3.7 lightning protection network installation operation conditions:
2.3.7.1 grounding body and down lead must be done.
2.3.7.2 stents installed.
2.3.7.3 with straightening field and vertical transportation conditions.
2.3.8 lightning rod installation operation conditions:
2.3.8.1 grounding body and down lead must be done.
2.3.8.2 need scaffolding, scaffolding, finished.
2.3.8.3 civil structure engineering is ended, and with the structure construction finished embedded parts.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
The lightning rod
Grounding body to ground with main frame, downlead Ming fu avoid thunder network
Lightning protection belt or
Downlead dark apply equalizing ring
3.2 grounding system installation process:
Artificial grounding body (a) installation shall meet the following requirements:
3.2.1 artificial grounding body (a) the minimum size shown in table 3-48.
Steel grounding body and line the minimum specification table 3-48
Varieties, specifications and unit on land
Outside the room within a room ac current loop dc current loop
Round steel diameter (mm) 6 8 10 12
Flat steel section (was)
Thickness (mm) 60
3, 100
4, 100
4, 100
6
Angle steel thickness (mm)
Steel tube wall thickness (mm) 2
2.5 2.5
2.5 4
3.5 6
4.5
3.2.2 embedding depth of the grounding body department should not be less than 0.6 m, Angle steel and steel pipes should be vertical grounding body configuration.
3.2.3 vertical grounding body length should not be less than 2.5 m, the distance between each other in general should not be less than 5 m.
3.2.4 bedding set position away from the building grounding body should not be less than 1.5 m; Encounter in the waste ash when embedding the earthing body, should be in soil, and hierarchical compaction.
3.2.5 when the grounding device must be buried in less than 3 m away from the building entrances or sidewalks, equalizing zone should be adopted approach or above the grounding device laying 50 ~ 90 mm thickness of asphalt layer, its width should be more than 2 m grounding device.
3.2.6 (line) of grounding body connection should use welding, weld welds shall be full and has enough mechanical strength, can not have slag, bite meat, defects such as cracks, virtual welding, porosity, welding place coated on the net, with bitumen do anticorrosive processing.
3.2.7 using lap welding, the welding length is as follows:
3.2.7.1 galvanized flat steel not less than twice the width of the welding on three sides. (when the width of the flat is not at the same time, the lap length to width). Before laying flat steel straightening, simmer bending shall not die, the straight line segment should not have obvious camber, and should be made.
3.2.7.2 galvanized round steel welding for six times its diameter and length should be double sided welding (when the diameter is not at the same time, the lap length will be subject to large diameter).
3.2.7.3 galvanized round steel and galvanized flat steel connection, its length is 6 times the diameter of the round steel.
3.2.7.4 galvanized flat steel and galvanized steel pipe (or Angle), when welding the reliable to connect, besides should be welded on both sides of the contact area, should also be directly to flat the curved into arc (or rectangular shape) and welding steel pipe (or Angle).
3.2.8 when grounding line in case of lime cinder layer and is unable to avoid, application of cement mortar comprehensive protection.
3.2.9 chemical methods are adopted to decrease the soil resistivity, the materials shall meet the following requirements:
Weak 3.2.9.1 on metal corrosion;
3.2.9.2 water-soluble component content is low.
3.2.10 all metal parts should be galvanized. Operation, pay attention to protect galvanizing.
3.3 artificial grounding body (a) installation:
3.3.1 grounding system of processing:
According to the number of design requirements, material specifications for processing, steel pipe and Angle cutting, commonly used materials length should not be less than 2.5 m. If use steel pipe should be according to the soil into the ground processing into a certain shape, in the soft soil, but cant cut into shape. In order to avoid in uneven tube skew, can also be processed into flat pointed; Meet the hard clay soil, the tip can be processed into cone see as shown in figure 3-80. If choose Angle, should be not less than 40 mm x 40 mm x 4 mm of Angle steel, cutting length should be not less than 2.5 m, one end of the Angle should be processed into pointed shape as shown in the figure 3-81.
3.3.2 rainfall distribution on 10-12 trench:
Body according to the design requirements, the butt (network) circuit to measure elastic line, line on this dig deeply 0.8 ~ 1 m, width 0.5 m ditch, ditch the upper slightly wide, if there are any stones should be clear to see at the bottom of the figure 3-82.
The grounding body 3.3.3 (a) :
Ditch dug, the grounding body and laying grounding flat steel, shall be immediately to prevent the earth to collapse. Earthing body in the center of the groove line first, into the ground, commonly used hammer into, one person hold the earthing body, a man with a big hammer knock at the top of the grounding body. In order to prevent the steel pipe and Angle to play, can add a cap set into the ground pipe, Angle steel grounding lug can be used (about 10 cm) welding in the grounding bar a can, as shown in figure 3-83. When you use the hammer knock earthing body is smooth, on the center of the hammer grounding system, shall not be partial, should be vertical with the ground, when the grounding body top stop into the distance to 600 mm.
3.3.4 grounding body between the steel door installation:
Flat before laying should straightening, then placed flat in a ditch, in turn, will be flat and the earthing body with electric welding (welding) welding. Flat steel should have and not flat, side lay scattered small flow resistance. The location of the flat steel and steel pipe connection is apart from the highest point grounding body about 100 mm. Should be flat straight when welding, welding good removal after coated, with bitumen do anticorrosive processing, and the ground wire leads to the need to position, adequate connection length, for use as shown in figure 3-84.
3.3.5 check grounding body (line) :
Grounding body after the connection, should be timely please material quality inspection departments to conduct implicit and grounding system, the location, the welding quality of grounding body (line) cross section of the specification shall conform to the requirements of the design and construction acceptance specifications, such as, the inspection qualified rear can backfilling, hierarchical compaction. In the end, will shake ground resistance measurement value fill in inspection record.
3.4 natural base earthing body installation:
3.4.1 track of no waterproof slab reinforced or deep base earthing body.
With a waterproof base plate reinforced or deep base earthing body, according to the size of the design position requirements, the good position, the bottom steel lap welding is good. Then the column at the bottom of the main reinforcement (not less than 2) and bottom plate reinforced good lap welding, and below the ground outside the main welds connecting plate, eliminate coated, and two main reinforcement coloring paint marking, in order to draw out and check. To please timely quality inspection department to check, at the same time completes the inspection records.
3.4.2 using cylindrical pile foundation reinforced grounding system and platform, according to the size of the design position, looking for a good number of sets of pile foundation position, the corners of the each group pile foundation reinforcement lap joint sealing, then main reinforcement and column (not less than 2) welding is good, and below the ground outside, will be the main reinforcement embedded good grounding connection board, coated, and two main color paint marking the reinforcement, and easy to draw out and check, and should be timely please the quality department to check, and make inspection records.
3.5 main grounding installation shall meet the following requirements:
3.5.1 track of grounding main wall, should add casing protection, crossing the expansion joints, simmer bending compensation should be done.
3.5.2 grounding line should have prepared for the measurement of grounding resistance breakout clamp, generally USES the cassette is loaded, at the same time adding lifted the lid and do grounding mark.
3.5.3 grounding line across the door should be dark when laying on the ground within (buried well before do the ground)
3.5.4 grounding line should not be less than 200 mm from ground, away from the wall should be not less than 10 mm, support should be 40 mm x 4 mm piece of flat steel, the end should be made of swallowtail, into the hole depth and width of 50 mm, total length is 70 mm. Support a straight and level distance between general is 1 m, vertical section of 1.5 m, turning part is 0.5 m.
2.6.2 grounding line should be straight, laying levelness and verticality deviation 2/1000 allowed, but not more than 10 mm length.
3.5.6 corner grounded in the trunk bending diameter shall not be less than 2 times of flat steel thickness.
3.5.7 grounding line should be black paint brush, paint should be evenly without omission, but a breakout clamp and the place such as earthing terminal shall not paint.
3.6 main grounding installation:
Grounding line should be connected to the flat of the connection and grounding system, it is divided into two kinds of indoor and outdoor connections, outdoor grounding line with regional general installation in a ditch. Indoor ground lines for more bright apply, but part of the device to connect feeder required to pass through the ground, can also be embedded in concrete. Specific installation method is as follows:
3.6.1 outdoor grounding line installation:
3.6.1.1 grounding wide line first straightening, measurement, drilling, heat bending, and will be a breakout clamp and earthing terminal installed.
3.6.1.2 installation position according to the size of the design requirements before digging ditches. Trench is asking to see 3.3, and then buried flat steel flat. Backfill soil compaction but without tamping, grounding line above the ground should be not more than 0.5 m at the end, in order to guide earthed.
3.6.2 indoor grounding line laying:
3.6.2.1 hole and bury support:
Position according to the size of the design requirements, set aside the ground hole, the size of the hole should be better than the thickness, width of main grounding each big laying out 6 m. The above. The method has the following three:
When a construction according to the size of the above requirements section for a period of flat steel embedded within the walls, when the concrete has not been solidified, twitch flat so that after being frozen out easily.
B will be flat on a layer of felt or several layers of kraft paper bag after buried inside the wall, dam leave should be 15 ~ 20 mm hole is apart from the wall surface.
C cases can be used more than 1 mm thick sheet metal into a circular, size should be ground wire wear fashionable, the gap is less than 6 mm per side.
3.6.2.2 support is fixed:
According to the design requirements in the first brick wall (or aerated concrete wall, hollow bricks) on the coordinate axis, then with the wall of build by laying bricks or stones to prefabricated into 50 mm x 50 mm wood sample set inside the wall, after waiting for wall of build by laying bricks or stones good will the wood sample picking, then will support into the hole, got wet watering holes at the same time, then use cement mortar will support a buried in mind, to be used after solidification. Cast-in-situ concrete wall fixed bracket, first play line positioning according to design requirements, drilling, stent do dovetail into the hole, leveling, fixed in cement mortar.
The earth wire 3.6.2.3 Ming fu installation requirements
A installation location should not interfere with the equipment disassembly and maintenance, and easy to check.
B earthing wire should be horizontal or vertical installation, can also be parallel on a straight line along the inclined structure, bending and should not have ups and downs.
C ground level along the building wall installation, should keep a distance of 250 ~ 300 mm off the ground, the grounding line and the walls of the buildings clearance shall be not less than 10 mm.
D Ming fu ground wire surface should be coated with 15 ~ 100 mm width equal to the green and yellow stripes, its mark is obvious.
E in the ground wire to the entrance of the building or maintenance with temporary place, after all should brush white primer labeled with black symbol, the symbol for "" logo is obvious.
3.6.2.4 Ming fu grounding line installation:
When support is buried, cement mortar after solidification, laying the ground wire on the wall. The grounding flat steel lift along the wall, in support of end use clamp to fix flat steel, after partition in cross hole, main grounding connection shall be welded firmly. End the reserved or connection should meet the design requirements.
Lightning rod production and installation of 3.7:
3.7.1 lightning rod production and installation shall comply with the following provisions
3.7.1.1 all metal parts must be galvanized, when pay attention to protect the galvanized layer.
3.7.1.2 making needlepoint are made of galvanized steel pipe, pipe wall thickness shall not be less than 3 mm, brush tip tin shall not be less than 70 mm in length.
3.7.1.3 section more lightning outside needle section sizes are shown in table 3-49.
3.7.1.4 lightning rod should be vertical installation is firm, vertical degree of allowable deviation is 3/1000.
3.7.1.5 welding requirements as shown in the article 22.4.2 clearing brush anti-rust paint after coating.
3.7.1.6 lightning usually adopts the round steel or steel pipe is made, its diameter should not less than the following values:
The needle body each section dimension table 3-49
Project needle overall height (mm)
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.0
On the day
In the section
Under section 1000
-
- 2000.
-
- 1500.
1500
- 1000.
1500
1500, 1500,
1500
1200
Independent lightning rod with a diameter of 19 mm galvanized round steel.
B on the roof of the lightning rod straight with diameter of 25 mm galvanized steel pipe.
C water tower at the top of the lightning rod with diameter of 25 mm or 40 mm galvanized steel pipe.
D the lightning rod on the top of the chimney with diameter of 25 mm galvanized round steel or a diameter of 40 mm galvanized steel pipe.
E lightning protection rings with a diameter of 12 mm galvanized round steel or cross section of 100 was galvanized flat steel, its thickness should be 4 mm.
3.7.2 lightning rod production:
According to the design requirements for the length of the material on,, in the next three quarters. Such as needlepoint made of steel tube can be on the first day saw steel pipe end into a jagged, hammer after sharp, sharpen, weld seam rinse tin, then with the other end, the two section steel pipe straight, find good welding.
3.7.3 lightning rod installation:
To bearing steel plate fixed on embedded anchor bolts, welding on a piece of plate, the lightning rod set up again, to find, find is, spot welding, and then try to correction, welding on the other three piece of floor. Clear the downlead welding on the floor, finally brush anti-rust paint coated.
3.8 support installation:
3.8.1 bracket installation shall meet the following requirements:
3.8.1.1 Angle bracket should dovetail, the buried depth of not less than 100 mm, flat steel and round steel stents embedded depth of not less than 80 mm.
3.8.1.2 all scaffolds must be strong, mortar, horizontal vertical.
3.8.1.3 lightning protection device of all kinds of bracket at the top of the general should be is 100 mm from the surface of the building; Main grounding bracket from the top should be metope 20 mm.
Horizontal spacing 3.8.1.4 stent is not more than 1 m (concrete bearing no larger than 2 m); Vertical spacing is not greater than l. 5 m. The spacing should be uniform, the allowable deviation 30 mm. The corner on both sides of the bracket is not more than 250 mm from the center of corner.
3.8.1.5 stents should be flat. Levelness every 2 m check period of allowable deviation of 3/1000, every 3 m verticality 2/1000 period of allowable deviation; But the length deviation shall not be greater than 10 mm.
3.8.1.6 stent iron shall be such as to do the anti-corrosion treatment.
3.8.1.7 buried note stents used in the cement mortar, the mixture ratio should not be lower than 1:2.
3.8.2 bracket installation
3.8.2.1 should as far as possible with the embedded structure construction bracket or iron.
3.8.2.2 divide class according to the design requirements of elastic line and positioning.
3.8.2.3 hammer and chisel carved hole, the size of the hole should be inside and outside are the same.
3.8.2.4 first buried on a straight line on both ends of the bracket, and then use lead wire pull straight buried note other stents. In buried inside the hole should be taken before injection water wet.
3.8.2.5 such as concrete bearing, the concrete bearing step set. Between two end bracket pull straight line first, and then the other bearings using the mortar leveling to look straight.
3.8.2.6 if there are embedded iron parapet reserve, stent can be directly welded on the iron, support the find method with former straight.
Lightning protection downlead dark laying 3.9:
3.9.1 lightning protection downlead dark installation shall meet the following requirements:
3.9.1.1 downlead of flat steel section should not be less than 25 mm x 4 mm; Round steel shall not be less than 12 mm in diameter.
3.9.1.2 downlead must do before 1.5 ~ 1.8 m from the ground in a breakout clip or test point (except of a down lead). Broken wire clamp of the bolt used shall not be less than 10 mm in diameter, and need to be galvanized galvanized washer and spring washer.
3.9.1.3 advocate muscle is used as the dark, when apply down lead each down lead shall not be less than two main reinforcement.
3.9.1.4 cast-in-situ concrete in laying down lead do anticorrosive processing. See section 3.2 welding requirements.
3.9.1.5 the structure of the metal components (such as iron ladder ladder, chimney, etc.) can be used as down lead, but all metal parts shall be between connect electrical pathway.
3.9.1.6 down lead should be along the building exterior wall installation, from meet ShanQi to earthing body, downlead of laying path, shall be as short and straight as possible. According to the actual circumstances of the buildings could not have straight line guide, can bend, but should pay attention to bend the opening distance may not be equal to or less than the bending line actual length of 0. L. Down lead can also be equipped with hidden, but the door should step up level, the dark outfit should also pay attention to the distance of other metal components inside the wall.
3.9.1.7 downlead of the distance between the fixed protection should not be greater than 2 m, should maintain a certain elasticity while laying down lead.
3.9.1.8 downlead should avoid building entrances and pedestrians easier access to the site, thank you for your cooperation.
3.9.1.9 where vulnerable to mechanical damage, about 1.7 m to 0.3 m underground on the ground, a ground wire should add protective measures, in order to reduce the risk of contact voltage, can also be used to spill down lead set up or wrapped with insulating materials.
3.9.1.10 using multiple root with the down lead, for the purposes of measuring grounding resistance, as well as the inspection down lead and earth wire connection status, should be in each down lead from 1.8 ~ 2.2 m put a breakout clamp. Use of reinforced concrete columns as the downlead, welding must be ground wire is connected to the first layer, and connected to the earthing terminal board, can be on the ground end in grounding resistance measurement.
3.9.1.11 each building at least two root down lead (projection area of less than 50 m2 building exception). Lightning protection downlead best for symmetric position, such as two down lead into "-" or "b" glyph glyph, four downlead should do "I" glyph, bring the distance between the ab line should not be more than 20 m, when more than 20 m should lead a downlead as much in the middle.
3.9.2 lightning protection downlead dark laying practice:
3.9.2.1 first of all the required flat or round steel hammer (or steel spanner) for straightening or straight.
3.9.2.2 straightening down lead to the installation site, according to the design requirements with the buildings on, hang up.
3.9.2.3 timely will down lead bottom with good grounding body welding, or with a breakout clamp connection is good. With the gradually increased, the building would downlead installation in buildings until the roof. For joint should be welding, after welding should be broken coated and brush anti-rust paint (except for cast-in-situ concrete), and implicit test, please relevant personnel records.
3.9.2.4 using main reinforcement (16 mm) diameter of not less than phi make down lead, find out all the main reinforced according to design requirements, tag them with paint, is apart from the outdoor floor 1.8 m good welding test point, step by step a series with steel welded to the top, down lead welding a certain length, the lap length should not be less than 100 mm, after finish please relevant personnel to check Cain, completes the inspection records.
3.9.2.5 civil decoration has been completed, will down lead 2 m on the ground of a set of protection tube, and the clamp should be fixed firmly, red and white paint on the brush.
See section 3.2 3.9.2.6 welding requirements.
3.10 lightning protection downlead laying in the Ming dynasty
3.10.1 lightning protection downlead Ming installation shall meet the following requirements:
3.10.1.1 downlead of vertical allowable deviation is 2/1000.
3.10.1.2 downlead installation must be done after straightening, he should not be less than 90 ° bend, and shall not be bent into a corner.
3.10.1.3 down lead in addition to the design you have special requirement, galvanized flat steel section should not be less than 48 was, galvanized round steel shall not be less than 8 mm in diameter.
3.10.1.4 about breakout clamp position should be executed in accordance with the requirements of design and specification.
3.10.1.5 welding and tower length should be executed in accordance with relevant specification.
3.10.2 lightning protection downlead laying in the Ming dynasty
3.10.2.1 down lead such as flat steel, can be on the plate hammer straightening; Such as round steel will round steel let go. End fixed on firmly anchor block machine, on the other side of the grinding (or chain) fixed to the ground clamp on cold straightening.
3.10.2.2 downlead of straightening can be shipped to installation location.
3.10.2.3 down lead with big rope to the highest point, and then by the fixed factory point by point, until the installation of a breakout clamp. For joint or install a breakout clamp, it should be welded. After soldering, the clear coated, local straightening, brush anti-rust paint.
Will 3.10.2.4 grounding line 2 meters above the ground, put on protecting tube, and solid and red and white paint.
3.10.2.5 breakout with galvanized bolt clamp connected to the earthing body strong.
3.11 lightning protection network installation:
3.11.1 lightning protection network installation shall meet the following requirements
3.11.1.1 ground wire should be straight, strong, should not have ups and downs and bending phenomenon, distance from the building should be consistent, straightness every 2 m check 3/1000 period of allowable deviation. But not more than 10 mm length.
3.11.1.2 wire bend is not less than 90 °, the bending radius should not be less than 10 times the diameter of the round steel.
3.11.1.3 wire such as flat steel, cross section should not be less than 48 mm; As for the round steel shall not be less than 8 mm diameter.
See article 22.4.2 3.11.1.4 welding requirements.
3.11.1.5 should be done in case of deformation joints heat pipe compensation.
3.11.2 lightning protection network installation
3.11.2.1 wire such as flat steel, can be on the flat hammer straightening; Such as round steel, round steel can be open at one end fixed on firmly anchor fixture, the other end of the grinding (or chain) fixed to the ground clamp, cold drawing straightening.
3.11.2.2 straightening of wire can be shipped to installation location.
3.11.2.3 use wire rope to the top, straight, become an organic whole repeatedly, laying solid, welding, with good down lead welding, the welding of the coated should knock off, brush anti-rust paint after partial straightening and lead (or silver).
3.11.2.4 building roof protrusions, such as metal flagpole, vent pipe, metal roof gutter, bars, gym, cooling towers, TV antenna, etc., these parts of the metal conductor must be welding together with the lightning protection network. At the top of the chimney should be tested for lightning protection belt or lightning rod.
3.11.2.5 lightning protection should be done in the structure of the deformation joints cross processing.
3.11.2.6 clear net and dark net two kinds of lightning protection network, the more dense dark grid, its reliability is better. Grid density should be depending on the structure of the lightning protection level and lightning protection level of high buildings can use 10 m x 10 m grid, low lightning protection level of general buildings can use 20 m x 20 m grid, if you have any special requirements should be designed according to the design requirements.
3.12 equalizing ring (or lightning protection zone) installation:
3.12.1 equalizing ring (or lightning protection zone) shall meet the following requirements:
Ground wire (3.12.1.1 lightning protection zone) generally adopts the round steel not less than 6 mm diameter, flat steel not less than 24 mm x 4 mm.
3.12.1.2 lightning protection with Ming, laying the height of the bracket for 10 ~ 20 cm, its each point spacing should not be more than 1.5 m.
3.12.1.3 buildings above more than 30 m, every three layer around the buildings equipped with a lightning protection zone and welded with the root down lead.
3.12.1.4 aluminum door and window connected to the lightning protection device. When processing order aluminum door and window should be thrown out by the requirement of 30 cm ribbon or flat 2, such as more than 3 m, we have to three links, for pressure welding or soldering.
3.12.2 equalizing ring (or lightning protection zone) installation:
3.12.2.1 lightning protection zone can dark laying within the plaster layer on the surface of the building, or the direct use of steel structure, and should be with the lightning protection network of dark apply or floor of reinforced phase welding, so the lightning protection zone is actually equalizing ring.
3.12.2.2 use structure the main reinforcement or waist muscle in the ring beam connection with about 20 cm prepared steel welding head as a body, and down lead and column rebar welded into a whole.
3.12.2.3 each point lead in the ring beam steel head, after the welding, using round steel (or flat) laying around, good at various points inside the ring beam welding, and with the surrounding the lead after the referral form a ring. At the same time outside the buildings along the metal doors and Windows, metal railings thrown at 30 cm long phi 2 mm galvanized round steel. Set aside.
3.12.2.4 eaves metal door, window, railings, handrails and metal parts of embedded welding point should not be less than 2, and the lightning protection zone reserved round steel welded into a whole.
3.12.2.5 use a roofing metal rails railing for lightning protection zone, the corner should be bent into a circular arc bending, welding with ground down lead rail should be reliable.
3.12.3 holiday lights along the height of the lightning protection belt flat when laying, lightning protection belt should be higher than the top of the lantern, when lights vertical run, hang lantern wire should be reliable grounding, lights control power box should be considered at the same time according to the low voltage surge arrester or take other measures against lightning.
4 quality standards
4.1 ensure projects:
4.4.1 quality of the materials comply with the design requirements; Grounding device grounding resistance value must comply with the design requirements.
4.1.2 to electrical equipment, instruments and other non removable electrically charged metal parts branch line of grounding must be directly connected to the grounding line, it is strictly prohibited in series connection.
Methods: the measured or check grounding resistance test records. Observe check or check installation record.
4.2 the basic items:
2 the lightning rod (network) and its support and installation location, right fixation, good anti-corrosion; Outside the body vertical, lightning protection network size and bending radius are correct; Lightning rod and support production quality comply with the design requirements. Marker light lightning rod complete lamps and lanterns, display is clear. Lightning protection network support uniform spacing; Lightning rod verticality deviation is not more than the top of stem diameter.
Methods: to observe the inspection and test or inspection installation records.
4.2.2 grounding (zero) line installation:
4.2.2.1 flat, solid, fixed point spacing uniform across building deformation joint compensation device, wall protection tube, paint anticorrosion complete.
4.2.2.2 welding connection weld formation and full, no obvious defects such as porosity, bite meat; Bolt connection, strong, have loose prevention measures.
4.2.2.3 grounding down lead to protecting tube fixation; Clip bolt set facilitate testing interface is zinc or tin plating complete, bolts and other fasteners is complete. Uniform corrosion, no pollution buildings.
Inspection method: to observe the examination.
Holdings grounding system installation:
Correct position and strong connection to the earthing body buried depth is not less than 0.6 m off the ground. Take cover engineering record is complete and accurate.
Inspection method: inspect concealed work record.
4.3 allowable deviation projects:
4.3.1 lap length 2 b or higher; Round steel or 6 d; Round steel and flat steel p 6 d;
Note: the b as the width of flat steel; D for round bar diameter.
4.3.2 flat lap welding three edge, round steel welding double.
Test method: feet quantity inspected and observation.
5 finished product protection
5.1 grounding body:
5.1.1 other type of work in excavation, be careful not to damage the grounding body.
5.1.2 when installing grounding body, and shall not destroy aproll and exterior wall decoration.
5.1.3 shall not be arbitrarily mobile has good structure reinforcement.
5.2 support:
5.2.1 pick holes, should not damage the structure of the building.
5.2.2 stents stability after injection, avoid collision is loose.
Lightning protection downlead bright (dark) laying 5.3:
5.3.1 installing a protection tube, pay attention to protect the civil construction and decoration.
Don't knock against downlead 5.3.2 open shelves.
5.4 laying lightning protection network
5.4.1 meet top tile roof, measures should be taken when operating, so as to avoid stepping on roof tile.
5.4.2 shall not damage the eaves decorate.
5.4.3 after the lightning protection network installation, should avoid to touch.
5.5 lightning protection zone and equalizing ring:
Advance to jilt flat iron or round steel shall not exceed 30 cm.
5.6 the lightning rod:
5.6.1 dismantled scaffold, be careful not to touch bad lightning rod.
5.6.2 protect civil decoration.
5.7 grounding line installation
5.7.1, electric construction shall knock against and flyblown metope.
5.7.2 shotcrete before, must advance to grounding main paper wound.
5.7.3 dismantled scaffold, or moving, must not touch the bad grounding line.
5.7.4 when welding protective measures metope.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 grounding body:
6.1.1 the grounding body is buried deep or not enough distance. According to the design requirements.
6.1.2 welding surface is not enough, coated processing not clean, the anticorrosive treatment is bad, correct welding surface according to the requirements of the quality, will be coated on the net, good anticorrosive processing.
Also 6.1.3 using foundation, beams reinforced overlap area is not enough, must be strictly according to quality requirement to do.
6.2 support installation:
6.2.1 loose bracket, concrete bearing on shaky. Will support the cause of the loose, then fixation; Smooth concrete pedestal.
6.2.2 stent spacing (or embedded iron) uneven spacing, straight line is not straight, exceed the allowable deviation. To modify well spacing, the straight, straight line correction shall not exceed the allowable deviation.
6.2.3 joint with slag, bite meat, defects such as cracks, porosity. To repair welding, not allowing the above defects.
6.2.4 welds coated processing not clean, brush anti-rust paint. Welds shall be coated with clean, brush anti-rust paint.
6.3 the lightning protection downlead dark (Ming)
6.3.1 welding surface is not enough, joint with slag, bite meat, cracks, porosity, and the phenomenon such as coated processing isn't clean. Should be repaired change according to the requirements of specification.
6.3.2 brush anti-rust paint, leakage should be make up brush.
6.3.3 main reinforcement lead position, should be promptly corrected.
6.3.4 downlead not vertical, exceed the allowable deviation. Down lead should be horizontal flat vertical, exceed difference should be correct in a timely manner.
6.4 laying lightning protection network
6.4.1 welding surface is not enough, joint with slag, bite meat, cracks, porosity, and the phenomenon such as coated processing isn't clean. Should be repaired change according to the requirements of specification.
6.4.2 uneven antirust paint brush or leakage, should brush evenly, leakage brush mended.
6.4.3 ground wire is not flat, exceed the allowable deviation, should be horizontal even vertical, after adjustment shall not exceed the allowable deviation.
6.4.4 clamp screw loose, should be timely to screw.
6.4.5 deformation joints do not make compensation processing, should do.
6.5 lightning protection zone with equalizing ring
6.5.1 welding surface is not enough, joint with slag, bite meat, cracks, porosity, etc., should be repaired in accordance with the requirements of specification change.
Tactical fix packs for 6.5.2 steel doors and Windows, iron bars earthing wire omission, should be timely.
6.5.3 ring beam joint weld, repair welding shall be carried out.
6.6 the lightning rod production and installation
6.6.1 welds is not full, fluxing agent processing is not clean, brush anti-rust paint. Should give timely repair welding, will be coated on the net, painted anticorrosive paint.
6.6.2 the needle body bent, and installation of the vertical degree exceed the allowable deviation. Needle weight should be the new straightening, meets the requirements before you install.
6.7 grounding line installation
6.7.1 flat is not flat, should be adjusted again.
6.7.2 earthing terminal pad trampoline leakage, should be timely completion.
6.7.3 joint with slag, bite meat, cracks, porosity, and the phenomenon such as coated processing isn't clean. Should be repaired change according to the requirements of specification.
6.8 brush anti-rust paint, leakage should be make up brush.
6.9 independent lightning rod and earthing device and the roads or buildings gateway protection distance is not in conformity with the provisions. The distance should be more than 3 m, when less than 3 m, equalizing measures should be taken or laid pebble or asphalt.
6.10 main reinforcement is used as the lightning protection downlead, in addition to the main bar section should not be less than 90 was, its welding method can be used pressure submerged arc welding, butt welding, etc. Mechanical methods can be used cold extrusion, such as silk, the above to do joint lightning protection downlead, but need to take cover engineering inspection acceptance.
7 quality records
7.1 galvanized flat or round steel material certificate and the factory quality certificate.
Lightning protection and grounding construction engineering, self-check, implicit 7.2 inspection record is complete.
7.3 design changes regarding the record, record drawings.
7.4 grounding component project quality inspection records.
1 scope
The technology standard is applicable to building lightningproof grounding, protective grounding, grounding, repeat grounding and shielding grounding device installation.
2 construction preparation
2.1 material requirements:
2.1.1 galvanized steel, flat steel, Angle steel, round steel, steel tube, etc., meaning should be used when using cold galvanized or hot dipped galvanized materials, should comply with the regulations of design. The product should have the material certificate and the factory quality certificate.
2.1.2 galvanized accessories have lead wire (galvanized wire), bolts, washers, spring washers, U bolt, wing, support, etc.
2.1.3 electrode, oxygen, acetylene, bitumen paint, concrete lining, embedded iron, string cable, cement, sand, plastic pipe, red paint, white paint, anti-corrosion paint, silver powder, black paint, etc.
2.2 the main equipment:
2.2.1 electrician tools, commonly used hammer, steel hacksaw, saw blade, the pressure case, shovels, pickmattock, hammer, tamper barrel.
2.2.2 line falling, tape, rope, chalk line bag, Hank grinding (or chain), tightener, electric hammer, impact drill, electric welding machine, welding tools, etc.
2.3 operation conditions:
2.3.1 grounding system operation conditions:
2.3.1.1 according to the position of design field is cleaned.
2.3.1.2 slab reinforcement and column rebar connection tie up.
2.3.1.3 pile foundation reinforced with column rebar connection has tie down.
2.3.2 grounding main operating conditions:
2.3.2.1 stents installed.
2.3.2.2 protecting tube is embedded.
2.3.2.3 civil finished rendering.
2.3.3 bracket installation operation conditions:
2.3.3.1 various stents have been shipped to the site.
2.3.3.2 structural engineering has been completed.
2.3.3.3 outdoor must have a scaffold or gym.
2.3.4 lightning protection downlead dark laying operation conditions:
2.3.4.1 buildings (or structures) have scaffolding or gym, can reach people operating conditions.
2.3.4.2 advocate muscle is used as the down lead, finished steel binding.
2.3.5 lightning protection downlead Ming laying operation conditions:
2.3.5.1 stents installed.
2.3.5.2 buildings (or structures) scaffold or gym can reach people operating conditions.
2.3.5.3 civil outside decorates.
2.3.6 lightning protection zone and equalizing ring installation work conditions:
Civil ring beam reinforcement are binding, cooperation with the job.
2.3.7 lightning protection network installation operation conditions:
2.3.7.1 grounding body and down lead must be done.
2.3.7.2 stents installed.
2.3.7.3 with straightening field and vertical transportation conditions.
2.3.8 lightning rod installation operation conditions:
2.3.8.1 grounding body and down lead must be done.
2.3.8.2 need scaffolding, scaffolding, finished.
2.3.8.3 civil structure engineering is ended, and with the structure construction finished embedded parts.
3 operation process
3.1 process:
The lightning rod
Grounding body to ground with main frame, downlead Ming fu avoid thunder network
Lightning protection belt or
Downlead dark apply equalizing ring
3.2 grounding system installation process:
Artificial grounding body (a) installation shall meet the following requirements:
3.2.1 artificial grounding body (a) the minimum size shown in table 3-48.
Steel grounding body and line the minimum specification table 3-48
Varieties, specifications and unit on land
Outside the room within a room ac current loop dc current loop
Round steel diameter (mm) 6 8 10 12
Flat steel section (was)
Thickness (mm) 60
3, 100
4, 100
4, 100
6
Angle steel thickness (mm)
Steel tube wall thickness (mm) 2
2.5 2.5
2.5 4
3.5 6
4.5
3.2.2 embedding depth of the grounding body department should not be less than 0.6 m, Angle steel and steel pipes should be vertical grounding body configuration.
3.2.3 vertical grounding body length should not be less than 2.5 m, the distance between each other in general should not be less than 5 m.
3.2.4 bedding set position away from the building grounding body should not be less than 1.5 m; Encounter in the waste ash when embedding the earthing body, should be in soil, and hierarchical compaction.
3.2.5 when the grounding device must be buried in less than 3 m away from the building entrances or sidewalks, equalizing zone should be adopted approach or above the grounding device laying 50 ~ 90 mm thickness of asphalt layer, its width should be more than 2 m grounding device.
3.2.6 (line) of grounding body connection should use welding, weld welds shall be full and has enough mechanical strength, can not have slag, bite meat, defects such as cracks, virtual welding, porosity, welding place coated on the net, with bitumen do anticorrosive processing.
3.2.7 using lap welding, the welding length is as follows:
3.2.7.1 galvanized flat steel not less than twice the width of the welding on three sides. (when the width of the flat is not at the same time, the lap length to width). Before laying flat steel straightening, simmer bending shall not die, the straight line segment should not have obvious camber, and should be made.
3.2.7.2 galvanized round steel welding for six times its diameter and length should be double sided welding (when the diameter is not at the same time, the lap length will be subject to large diameter).
3.2.7.3 galvanized round steel and galvanized flat steel connection, its length is 6 times the diameter of the round steel.
3.2.7.4 galvanized flat steel and galvanized steel pipe (or Angle), when welding the reliable to connect, besides should be welded on both sides of the contact area, should also be directly to flat the curved into arc (or rectangular shape) and welding steel pipe (or Angle).
3.2.8 when grounding line in case of lime cinder layer and is unable to avoid, application of cement mortar comprehensive protection.
3.2.9 chemical methods are adopted to decrease the soil resistivity, the materials shall meet the following requirements:
Weak 3.2.9.1 on metal corrosion;
3.2.9.2 water-soluble component content is low.
3.2.10 all metal parts should be galvanized. Operation, pay attention to protect galvanizing.
3.3 artificial grounding body (a) installation:
3.3.1 grounding system of processing:
According to the number of design requirements, material specifications for processing, steel pipe and Angle cutting, commonly used materials length should not be less than 2.5 m. If use steel pipe should be according to the soil into the ground processing into a certain shape, in the soft soil, but cant cut into shape. In order to avoid in uneven tube skew, can also be processed into flat pointed; Meet the hard clay soil, the tip can be processed into cone see as shown in figure 3-80. If choose Angle, should be not less than 40 mm x 40 mm x 4 mm of Angle steel, cutting length should be not less than 2.5 m, one end of the Angle should be processed into pointed shape as shown in the figure 3-81.
3.3.2 rainfall distribution on 10-12 trench:
Body according to the design requirements, the butt (network) circuit to measure elastic line, line on this dig deeply 0.8 ~ 1 m, width 0.5 m ditch, ditch the upper slightly wide, if there are any stones should be clear to see at the bottom of the figure 3-82.
The grounding body 3.3.3 (a) :
Ditch dug, the grounding body and laying grounding flat steel, shall be immediately to prevent the earth to collapse. Earthing body in the center of the groove line first, into the ground, commonly used hammer into, one person hold the earthing body, a man with a big hammer knock at the top of the grounding body. In order to prevent the steel pipe and Angle to play, can add a cap set into the ground pipe, Angle steel grounding lug can be used (about 10 cm) welding in the grounding bar a can, as shown in figure 3-83. When you use the hammer knock earthing body is smooth, on the center of the hammer grounding system, shall not be partial, should be vertical with the ground, when the grounding body top stop into the distance to 600 mm.
3.3.4 grounding body between the steel door installation:
Flat before laying should straightening, then placed flat in a ditch, in turn, will be flat and the earthing body with electric welding (welding) welding. Flat steel should have and not flat, side lay scattered small flow resistance. The location of the flat steel and steel pipe connection is apart from the highest point grounding body about 100 mm. Should be flat straight when welding, welding good removal after coated, with bitumen do anticorrosive processing, and the ground wire leads to the need to position, adequate connection length, for use as shown in figure 3-84.
3.3.5 check grounding body (line) :
Grounding body after the connection, should be timely please material quality inspection departments to conduct implicit and grounding system, the location, the welding quality of grounding body (line) cross section of the specification shall conform to the requirements of the design and construction acceptance specifications, such as, the inspection qualified rear can backfilling, hierarchical compaction. In the end, will shake ground resistance measurement value fill in inspection record.
3.4 natural base earthing body installation:
3.4.1 track of no waterproof slab reinforced or deep base earthing body.
With a waterproof base plate reinforced or deep base earthing body, according to the size of the design position requirements, the good position, the bottom steel lap welding is good. Then the column at the bottom of the main reinforcement (not less than 2) and bottom plate reinforced good lap welding, and below the ground outside the main welds connecting plate, eliminate coated, and two main reinforcement coloring paint marking, in order to draw out and check. To please timely quality inspection department to check, at the same time completes the inspection records.
3.4.2 using cylindrical pile foundation reinforced grounding system and platform, according to the size of the design position, looking for a good number of sets of pile foundation position, the corners of the each group pile foundation reinforcement lap joint sealing, then main reinforcement and column (not less than 2) welding is good, and below the ground outside, will be the main reinforcement embedded good grounding connection board, coated, and two main color paint marking the reinforcement, and easy to draw out and check, and should be timely please the quality department to check, and make inspection records.
3.5 main grounding installation shall meet the following requirements:
3.5.1 track of grounding main wall, should add casing protection, crossing the expansion joints, simmer bending compensation should be done.
3.5.2 grounding line should have prepared for the measurement of grounding resistance breakout clamp, generally USES the cassette is loaded, at the same time adding lifted the lid and do grounding mark.
3.5.3 grounding line across the door should be dark when laying on the ground within (buried well before do the ground)
3.5.4 grounding line should not be less than 200 mm from ground, away from the wall should be not less than 10 mm, support should be 40 mm x 4 mm piece of flat steel, the end should be made of swallowtail, into the hole depth and width of 50 mm, total length is 70 mm. Support a straight and level distance between general is 1 m, vertical section of 1.5 m, turning part is 0.5 m.
2.6.2 grounding line should be straight, laying levelness and verticality deviation 2/1000 allowed, but not more than 10 mm length.
3.5.6 corner grounded in the trunk bending diameter shall not be less than 2 times of flat steel thickness.
3.5.7 grounding line should be black paint brush, paint should be evenly without omission, but a breakout clamp and the place such as earthing terminal shall not paint.
3.6 main grounding installation:
Grounding line should be connected to the flat of the connection and grounding system, it is divided into two kinds of indoor and outdoor connections, outdoor grounding line with regional general installation in a ditch. Indoor ground lines for more bright apply, but part of the device to connect feeder required to pass through the ground, can also be embedded in concrete. Specific installation method is as follows:
3.6.1 outdoor grounding line installation:
3.6.1.1 grounding wide line first straightening, measurement, drilling, heat bending, and will be a breakout clamp and earthing terminal installed.
3.6.1.2 installation position according to the size of the design requirements before digging ditches. Trench is asking to see 3.3, and then buried flat steel flat. Backfill soil compaction but without tamping, grounding line above the ground should be not more than 0.5 m at the end, in order to guide earthed.
3.6.2 indoor grounding line laying:
3.6.2.1 hole and bury support:
Position according to the size of the design requirements, set aside the ground hole, the size of the hole should be better than the thickness, width of main grounding each big laying out 6 m. The above. The method has the following three:
When a construction according to the size of the above requirements section for a period of flat steel embedded within the walls, when the concrete has not been solidified, twitch flat so that after being frozen out easily.
B will be flat on a layer of felt or several layers of kraft paper bag after buried inside the wall, dam leave should be 15 ~ 20 mm hole is apart from the wall surface.
C cases can be used more than 1 mm thick sheet metal into a circular, size should be ground wire wear fashionable, the gap is less than 6 mm per side.
3.6.2.2 support is fixed:
According to the design requirements in the first brick wall (or aerated concrete wall, hollow bricks) on the coordinate axis, then with the wall of build by laying bricks or stones to prefabricated into 50 mm x 50 mm wood sample set inside the wall, after waiting for wall of build by laying bricks or stones good will the wood sample picking, then will support into the hole, got wet watering holes at the same time, then use cement mortar will support a buried in mind, to be used after solidification. Cast-in-situ concrete wall fixed bracket, first play line positioning according to design requirements, drilling, stent do dovetail into the hole, leveling, fixed in cement mortar.
The earth wire 3.6.2.3 Ming fu installation requirements
A installation location should not interfere with the equipment disassembly and maintenance, and easy to check.
B earthing wire should be horizontal or vertical installation, can also be parallel on a straight line along the inclined structure, bending and should not have ups and downs.
C ground level along the building wall installation, should keep a distance of 250 ~ 300 mm off the ground, the grounding line and the walls of the buildings clearance shall be not less than 10 mm.
D Ming fu ground wire surface should be coated with 15 ~ 100 mm width equal to the green and yellow stripes, its mark is obvious.
E in the ground wire to the entrance of the building or maintenance with temporary place, after all should brush white primer labeled with black symbol, the symbol for "" logo is obvious.
3.6.2.4 Ming fu grounding line installation:
When support is buried, cement mortar after solidification, laying the ground wire on the wall. The grounding flat steel lift along the wall, in support of end use clamp to fix flat steel, after partition in cross hole, main grounding connection shall be welded firmly. End the reserved or connection should meet the design requirements.
Lightning rod production and installation of 3.7:
3.7.1 lightning rod production and installation shall comply with the following provisions
3.7.1.1 all metal parts must be galvanized, when pay attention to protect the galvanized layer.
3.7.1.2 making needlepoint are made of galvanized steel pipe, pipe wall thickness shall not be less than 3 mm, brush tip tin shall not be less than 70 mm in length.
3.7.1.3 section more lightning outside needle section sizes are shown in table 3-49.
3.7.1.4 lightning rod should be vertical installation is firm, vertical degree of allowable deviation is 3/1000.
3.7.1.5 welding requirements as shown in the article 22.4.2 clearing brush anti-rust paint after coating.
3.7.1.6 lightning usually adopts the round steel or steel pipe is made, its diameter should not less than the following values:
The needle body each section dimension table 3-49
Project needle overall height (mm)
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.0
On the day
In the section
Under section 1000
-
- 2000.
-
- 1500.
1500
- 1000.
1500
1500, 1500,
1500
1200
Independent lightning rod with a diameter of 19 mm galvanized round steel.
B on the roof of the lightning rod straight with diameter of 25 mm galvanized steel pipe.
C water tower at the top of the lightning rod with diameter of 25 mm or 40 mm galvanized steel pipe.
D the lightning rod on the top of the chimney with diameter of 25 mm galvanized round steel or a diameter of 40 mm galvanized steel pipe.
E lightning protection rings with a diameter of 12 mm galvanized round steel or cross section of 100 was galvanized flat steel, its thickness should be 4 mm.
3.7.2 lightning rod production:
According to the design requirements for the length of the material on,, in the next three quarters. Such as needlepoint made of steel tube can be on the first day saw steel pipe end into a jagged, hammer after sharp, sharpen, weld seam rinse tin, then with the other end, the two section steel pipe straight, find good welding.
3.7.3 lightning rod installation:
To bearing steel plate fixed on embedded anchor bolts, welding on a piece of plate, the lightning rod set up again, to find, find is, spot welding, and then try to correction, welding on the other three piece of floor. Clear the downlead welding on the floor, finally brush anti-rust paint coated.
3.8 support installation:
3.8.1 bracket installation shall meet the following requirements:
3.8.1.1 Angle bracket should dovetail, the buried depth of not less than 100 mm, flat steel and round steel stents embedded depth of not less than 80 mm.
3.8.1.2 all scaffolds must be strong, mortar, horizontal vertical.
3.8.1.3 lightning protection device of all kinds of bracket at the top of the general should be is 100 mm from the surface of the building; Main grounding bracket from the top should be metope 20 mm.
Horizontal spacing 3.8.1.4 stent is not more than 1 m (concrete bearing no larger than 2 m); Vertical spacing is not greater than l. 5 m. The spacing should be uniform, the allowable deviation 30 mm. The corner on both sides of the bracket is not more than 250 mm from the center of corner.
3.8.1.5 stents should be flat. Levelness every 2 m check period of allowable deviation of 3/1000, every 3 m verticality 2/1000 period of allowable deviation; But the length deviation shall not be greater than 10 mm.
3.8.1.6 stent iron shall be such as to do the anti-corrosion treatment.
3.8.1.7 buried note stents used in the cement mortar, the mixture ratio should not be lower than 1:2.
3.8.2 bracket installation
3.8.2.1 should as far as possible with the embedded structure construction bracket or iron.
3.8.2.2 divide class according to the design requirements of elastic line and positioning.
3.8.2.3 hammer and chisel carved hole, the size of the hole should be inside and outside are the same.
3.8.2.4 first buried on a straight line on both ends of the bracket, and then use lead wire pull straight buried note other stents. In buried inside the hole should be taken before injection water wet.
3.8.2.5 such as concrete bearing, the concrete bearing step set. Between two end bracket pull straight line first, and then the other bearings using the mortar leveling to look straight.
3.8.2.6 if there are embedded iron parapet reserve, stent can be directly welded on the iron, support the find method with former straight.
Lightning protection downlead dark laying 3.9:
3.9.1 lightning protection downlead dark installation shall meet the following requirements:
3.9.1.1 downlead of flat steel section should not be less than 25 mm x 4 mm; Round steel shall not be less than 12 mm in diameter.
3.9.1.2 downlead must do before 1.5 ~ 1.8 m from the ground in a breakout clip or test point (except of a down lead). Broken wire clamp of the bolt used shall not be less than 10 mm in diameter, and need to be galvanized galvanized washer and spring washer.
3.9.1.3 advocate muscle is used as the dark, when apply down lead each down lead shall not be less than two main reinforcement.
3.9.1.4 cast-in-situ concrete in laying down lead do anticorrosive processing. See section 3.2 welding requirements.
3.9.1.5 the structure of the metal components (such as iron ladder ladder, chimney, etc.) can be used as down lead, but all metal parts shall be between connect electrical pathway.
3.9.1.6 down lead should be along the building exterior wall installation, from meet ShanQi to earthing body, downlead of laying path, shall be as short and straight as possible. According to the actual circumstances of the buildings could not have straight line guide, can bend, but should pay attention to bend the opening distance may not be equal to or less than the bending line actual length of 0. L. Down lead can also be equipped with hidden, but the door should step up level, the dark outfit should also pay attention to the distance of other metal components inside the wall.
3.9.1.7 downlead of the distance between the fixed protection should not be greater than 2 m, should maintain a certain elasticity while laying down lead.
3.9.1.8 downlead should avoid building entrances and pedestrians easier access to the site, thank you for your cooperation.
3.9.1.9 where vulnerable to mechanical damage, about 1.7 m to 0.3 m underground on the ground, a ground wire should add protective measures, in order to reduce the risk of contact voltage, can also be used to spill down lead set up or wrapped with insulating materials.
3.9.1.10 using multiple root with the down lead, for the purposes of measuring grounding resistance, as well as the inspection down lead and earth wire connection status, should be in each down lead from 1.8 ~ 2.2 m put a breakout clamp. Use of reinforced concrete columns as the downlead, welding must be ground wire is connected to the first layer, and connected to the earthing terminal board, can be on the ground end in grounding resistance measurement.
3.9.1.11 each building at least two root down lead (projection area of less than 50 m2 building exception). Lightning protection downlead best for symmetric position, such as two down lead into "-" or "b" glyph glyph, four downlead should do "I" glyph, bring the distance between the ab line should not be more than 20 m, when more than 20 m should lead a downlead as much in the middle.
3.9.2 lightning protection downlead dark laying practice:
3.9.2.1 first of all the required flat or round steel hammer (or steel spanner) for straightening or straight.
3.9.2.2 straightening down lead to the installation site, according to the design requirements with the buildings on, hang up.
3.9.2.3 timely will down lead bottom with good grounding body welding, or with a breakout clamp connection is good. With the gradually increased, the building would downlead installation in buildings until the roof. For joint should be welding, after welding should be broken coated and brush anti-rust paint (except for cast-in-situ concrete), and implicit test, please relevant personnel records.
3.9.2.4 using main reinforcement (16 mm) diameter of not less than phi make down lead, find out all the main reinforced according to design requirements, tag them with paint, is apart from the outdoor floor 1.8 m good welding test point, step by step a series with steel welded to the top, down lead welding a certain length, the lap length should not be less than 100 mm, after finish please relevant personnel to check Cain, completes the inspection records.
3.9.2.5 civil decoration has been completed, will down lead 2 m on the ground of a set of protection tube, and the clamp should be fixed firmly, red and white paint on the brush.
See section 3.2 3.9.2.6 welding requirements.
3.10 lightning protection downlead laying in the Ming dynasty
3.10.1 lightning protection downlead Ming installation shall meet the following requirements:
3.10.1.1 downlead of vertical allowable deviation is 2/1000.
3.10.1.2 downlead installation must be done after straightening, he should not be less than 90 ° bend, and shall not be bent into a corner.
3.10.1.3 down lead in addition to the design you have special requirement, galvanized flat steel section should not be less than 48 was, galvanized round steel shall not be less than 8 mm in diameter.
3.10.1.4 about breakout clamp position should be executed in accordance with the requirements of design and specification.
3.10.1.5 welding and tower length should be executed in accordance with relevant specification.
3.10.2 lightning protection downlead laying in the Ming dynasty
3.10.2.1 down lead such as flat steel, can be on the plate hammer straightening; Such as round steel will round steel let go. End fixed on firmly anchor block machine, on the other side of the grinding (or chain) fixed to the ground clamp on cold straightening.
3.10.2.2 downlead of straightening can be shipped to installation location.
3.10.2.3 down lead with big rope to the highest point, and then by the fixed factory point by point, until the installation of a breakout clamp. For joint or install a breakout clamp, it should be welded. After soldering, the clear coated, local straightening, brush anti-rust paint.
Will 3.10.2.4 grounding line 2 meters above the ground, put on protecting tube, and solid and red and white paint.
3.10.2.5 breakout with galvanized bolt clamp connected to the earthing body strong.
3.11 lightning protection network installation:
3.11.1 lightning protection network installation shall meet the following requirements
3.11.1.1 ground wire should be straight, strong, should not have ups and downs and bending phenomenon, distance from the building should be consistent, straightness every 2 m check 3/1000 period of allowable deviation. But not more than 10 mm length.
3.11.1.2 wire bend is not less than 90 °, the bending radius should not be less than 10 times the diameter of the round steel.
3.11.1.3 wire such as flat steel, cross section should not be less than 48 mm; As for the round steel shall not be less than 8 mm diameter.
See article 22.4.2 3.11.1.4 welding requirements.
3.11.1.5 should be done in case of deformation joints heat pipe compensation.
3.11.2 lightning protection network installation
3.11.2.1 wire such as flat steel, can be on the flat hammer straightening; Such as round steel, round steel can be open at one end fixed on firmly anchor fixture, the other end of the grinding (or chain) fixed to the ground clamp, cold drawing straightening.
3.11.2.2 straightening of wire can be shipped to installation location.
3.11.2.3 use wire rope to the top, straight, become an organic whole repeatedly, laying solid, welding, with good down lead welding, the welding of the coated should knock off, brush anti-rust paint after partial straightening and lead (or silver).
3.11.2.4 building roof protrusions, such as metal flagpole, vent pipe, metal roof gutter, bars, gym, cooling towers, TV antenna, etc., these parts of the metal conductor must be welding together with the lightning protection network. At the top of the chimney should be tested for lightning protection belt or lightning rod.
3.11.2.5 lightning protection should be done in the structure of the deformation joints cross processing.
3.11.2.6 clear net and dark net two kinds of lightning protection network, the more dense dark grid, its reliability is better. Grid density should be depending on the structure of the lightning protection level and lightning protection level of high buildings can use 10 m x 10 m grid, low lightning protection level of general buildings can use 20 m x 20 m grid, if you have any special requirements should be designed according to the design requirements.
3.12 equalizing ring (or lightning protection zone) installation:
3.12.1 equalizing ring (or lightning protection zone) shall meet the following requirements:
Ground wire (3.12.1.1 lightning protection zone) generally adopts the round steel not less than 6 mm diameter, flat steel not less than 24 mm x 4 mm.
3.12.1.2 lightning protection with Ming, laying the height of the bracket for 10 ~ 20 cm, its each point spacing should not be more than 1.5 m.
3.12.1.3 buildings above more than 30 m, every three layer around the buildings equipped with a lightning protection zone and welded with the root down lead.
3.12.1.4 aluminum door and window connected to the lightning protection device. When processing order aluminum door and window should be thrown out by the requirement of 30 cm ribbon or flat 2, such as more than 3 m, we have to three links, for pressure welding or soldering.
3.12.2 equalizing ring (or lightning protection zone) installation:
3.12.2.1 lightning protection zone can dark laying within the plaster layer on the surface of the building, or the direct use of steel structure, and should be with the lightning protection network of dark apply or floor of reinforced phase welding, so the lightning protection zone is actually equalizing ring.
3.12.2.2 use structure the main reinforcement or waist muscle in the ring beam connection with about 20 cm prepared steel welding head as a body, and down lead and column rebar welded into a whole.
3.12.2.3 each point lead in the ring beam steel head, after the welding, using round steel (or flat) laying around, good at various points inside the ring beam welding, and with the surrounding the lead after the referral form a ring. At the same time outside the buildings along the metal doors and Windows, metal railings thrown at 30 cm long phi 2 mm galvanized round steel. Set aside.
3.12.2.4 eaves metal door, window, railings, handrails and metal parts of embedded welding point should not be less than 2, and the lightning protection zone reserved round steel welded into a whole.
3.12.2.5 use a roofing metal rails railing for lightning protection zone, the corner should be bent into a circular arc bending, welding with ground down lead rail should be reliable.
3.12.3 holiday lights along the height of the lightning protection belt flat when laying, lightning protection belt should be higher than the top of the lantern, when lights vertical run, hang lantern wire should be reliable grounding, lights control power box should be considered at the same time according to the low voltage surge arrester or take other measures against lightning.
4 quality standards
4.1 ensure projects:
4.4.1 quality of the materials comply with the design requirements; Grounding device grounding resistance value must comply with the design requirements.
4.1.2 to electrical equipment, instruments and other non removable electrically charged metal parts branch line of grounding must be directly connected to the grounding line, it is strictly prohibited in series connection.
Methods: the measured or check grounding resistance test records. Observe check or check installation record.
4.2 the basic items:
2 the lightning rod (network) and its support and installation location, right fixation, good anti-corrosion; Outside the body vertical, lightning protection network size and bending radius are correct; Lightning rod and support production quality comply with the design requirements. Marker light lightning rod complete lamps and lanterns, display is clear. Lightning protection network support uniform spacing; Lightning rod verticality deviation is not more than the top of stem diameter.
Methods: to observe the inspection and test or inspection installation records.
4.2.2 grounding (zero) line installation:
4.2.2.1 flat, solid, fixed point spacing uniform across building deformation joint compensation device, wall protection tube, paint anticorrosion complete.
4.2.2.2 welding connection weld formation and full, no obvious defects such as porosity, bite meat; Bolt connection, strong, have loose prevention measures.
4.2.2.3 grounding down lead to protecting tube fixation; Clip bolt set facilitate testing interface is zinc or tin plating complete, bolts and other fasteners is complete. Uniform corrosion, no pollution buildings.
Inspection method: to observe the examination.
Holdings grounding system installation:
Correct position and strong connection to the earthing body buried depth is not less than 0.6 m off the ground. Take cover engineering record is complete and accurate.
Inspection method: inspect concealed work record.
4.3 allowable deviation projects:
4.3.1 lap length 2 b or higher; Round steel or 6 d; Round steel and flat steel p 6 d;
Note: the b as the width of flat steel; D for round bar diameter.
4.3.2 flat lap welding three edge, round steel welding double.
Test method: feet quantity inspected and observation.
5 finished product protection
5.1 grounding body:
5.1.1 other type of work in excavation, be careful not to damage the grounding body.
5.1.2 when installing grounding body, and shall not destroy aproll and exterior wall decoration.
5.1.3 shall not be arbitrarily mobile has good structure reinforcement.
5.2 support:
5.2.1 pick holes, should not damage the structure of the building.
5.2.2 stents stability after injection, avoid collision is loose.
Lightning protection downlead bright (dark) laying 5.3:
5.3.1 installing a protection tube, pay attention to protect the civil construction and decoration.
Don't knock against downlead 5.3.2 open shelves.
5.4 laying lightning protection network
5.4.1 meet top tile roof, measures should be taken when operating, so as to avoid stepping on roof tile.
5.4.2 shall not damage the eaves decorate.
5.4.3 after the lightning protection network installation, should avoid to touch.
5.5 lightning protection zone and equalizing ring:
Advance to jilt flat iron or round steel shall not exceed 30 cm.
5.6 the lightning rod:
5.6.1 dismantled scaffold, be careful not to touch bad lightning rod.
5.6.2 protect civil decoration.
5.7 grounding line installation
5.7.1, electric construction shall knock against and flyblown metope.
5.7.2 shotcrete before, must advance to grounding main paper wound.
5.7.3 dismantled scaffold, or moving, must not touch the bad grounding line.
5.7.4 when welding protective measures metope.
6 should pay attention to quality problems
6.1 grounding body:
6.1.1 the grounding body is buried deep or not enough distance. According to the design requirements.
6.1.2 welding surface is not enough, coated processing not clean, the anticorrosive treatment is bad, correct welding surface according to the requirements of the quality, will be coated on the net, good anticorrosive processing.
Also 6.1.3 using foundation, beams reinforced overlap area is not enough, must be strictly according to quality requirement to do.
6.2 support installation:
6.2.1 loose bracket, concrete bearing on shaky. Will support the cause of the loose, then fixation; Smooth concrete pedestal.
6.2.2 stent spacing (or embedded iron) uneven spacing, straight line is not straight, exceed the allowable deviation. To modify well spacing, the straight, straight line correction shall not exceed the allowable deviation.
6.2.3 joint with slag, bite meat, defects such as cracks, porosity. To repair welding, not allowing the above defects.
6.2.4 welds coated processing not clean, brush anti-rust paint. Welds shall be coated with clean, brush anti-rust paint.
6.3 the lightning protection downlead dark (Ming)
6.3.1 welding surface is not enough, joint with slag, bite meat, cracks, porosity, and the phenomenon such as coated processing isn't clean. Should be repaired change according to the requirements of specification.
6.3.2 brush anti-rust paint, leakage should be make up brush.
6.3.3 main reinforcement lead position, should be promptly corrected.
6.3.4 downlead not vertical, exceed the allowable deviation. Down lead should be horizontal flat vertical, exceed difference should be correct in a timely manner.
6.4 laying lightning protection network
6.4.1 welding surface is not enough, joint with slag, bite meat, cracks, porosity, and the phenomenon such as coated processing isn't clean. Should be repaired change according to the requirements of specification.
6.4.2 uneven antirust paint brush or leakage, should brush evenly, leakage brush mended.
6.4.3 ground wire is not flat, exceed the allowable deviation, should be horizontal even vertical, after adjustment shall not exceed the allowable deviation.
6.4.4 clamp screw loose, should be timely to screw.
6.4.5 deformation joints do not make compensation processing, should do.
6.5 lightning protection zone with equalizing ring
6.5.1 welding surface is not enough, joint with slag, bite meat, cracks, porosity, etc., should be repaired in accordance with the requirements of specification change.
Tactical fix packs for 6.5.2 steel doors and Windows, iron bars earthing wire omission, should be timely.
6.5.3 ring beam joint weld, repair welding shall be carried out.
6.6 the lightning rod production and installation
6.6.1 welds is not full, fluxing agent processing is not clean, brush anti-rust paint. Should give timely repair welding, will be coated on the net, painted anticorrosive paint.
6.6.2 the needle body bent, and installation of the vertical degree exceed the allowable deviation. Needle weight should be the new straightening, meets the requirements before you install.
6.7 grounding line installation
6.7.1 flat is not flat, should be adjusted again.
6.7.2 earthing terminal pad trampoline leakage, should be timely completion.
6.7.3 joint with slag, bite meat, cracks, porosity, and the phenomenon such as coated processing isn't clean. Should be repaired change according to the requirements of specification.
6.8 brush anti-rust paint, leakage should be make up brush.
6.9 independent lightning rod and earthing device and the roads or buildings gateway protection distance is not in conformity with the provisions. The distance should be more than 3 m, when less than 3 m, equalizing measures should be taken or laid pebble or asphalt.
6.10 main reinforcement is used as the lightning protection downlead, in addition to the main bar section should not be less than 90 was, its welding method can be used pressure submerged arc welding, butt welding, etc. Mechanical methods can be used cold extrusion, such as silk, the above to do joint lightning protection downlead, but need to take cover engineering inspection acceptance.
7 quality records
7.1 galvanized flat or round steel material certificate and the factory quality certificate.
Lightning protection and grounding construction engineering, self-check, implicit 7.2 inspection record is complete.
7.3 design changes regarding the record, record drawings.
7.4 grounding component project quality inspection records.
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